RESUMO
The link between breast implants and systemic disease has been reported since the 1960s. Although many studies have looked at either supporting or refuting its existence, the issue still persists and has now been labeled "breast implant illness." The rise of patient advocacy and communication through social media has led to an increasing number of presentations to plastic surgeons. This article summarizes the history of breast implants and systemic disease, critically analyzes the literature (and any associated deficiencies), and suggests a way forward through systematic scientific study.
Assuntos
Implante Mamário/efeitos adversos , Implantes de Mama/efeitos adversos , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/epidemiologia , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/etiologia , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Géis de Silicone/efeitos adversos , Implante Mamário/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/fisiopatologia , Avaliação das Necessidades , Prevalência , Falha de Prótese , Medição de Risco , Géis de Silicone/química , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , United States Food and Drug AdministrationAssuntos
Implantes de Mama , Mama , Cooperação Internacional , Sistema de Registros , Cirurgia Plástica , Feminino , Humanos , Sociedades MédicasRESUMO
The makeup of nipple-areolar skin, in terms of its melanin and melanocyte content has not previously been established. This histological information is required if pigmentation of the reconstructed nipple-areola is to be successful in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. We describe examination of 200 parallel sections of nipple-areolar skin of 20 women using histochemical (Masson-Fontana) and immunohistochemical (Mel-5) techniques, evaluated using quantitative image analysis. The amount of melanin present per length of basement membrane was 2.14 times higher in areolar skin than breast skin. The ratio of melanocytes to keratinocytes was 1:9.7 in areolar skin vs. 1:14.7 in breast skin. We also describe a cell culture and skin construct method using autologous human serum without toxic growth promoting additives, which could be used in the clinical setting of nipple-areolar reconstruction.
