Assuntos
Doenças Respiratórias , Doença Crônica , Congressos como Assunto , Humanos , Internacionalidade , PortugalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The modulation of adenosine receptors has been proposed as new therapeutic target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but studies in humans were negative. Caffeine is widely consumed and acts by non-selective modulation of these receptors, allowing for a non-interventional evaluation of the purinergic effects on COPD. We evaluated the effects of chronic caffeine consumption on the risk for COPD exacerbations. METHODS: Retrospective study including patients with COPD. The total number of exacerbations during a three-year period and the mean daily caffeine consumption in the last twenty years were evaluated. A univariate and multiple regression analysis were performed for evaluation of the significant predictors of exacerbations. RESULTS: A total of 90 patients were included. Most were males (82.2%) and had a mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) of 57.0±17.1% predicted. The mean daily caffeine consumption was 149.7±140.9mg. There was no correlation between the mean caffeine consumption and exacerbations (p>0.05). DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that caffeine has no significant effect on the frequency of COPD exacerbations. These conclusions are limited by the sample size and the retrospective nature of the study.
Assuntos
Cafeína/efeitos adversos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/induzido quimicamente , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Tobacco exposure remains the main etiologic factor for lung cancer (LC). Interactions between environment and individual genetic profile are particularly important for this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of CYP1A1*2A, CYP1A1*2C, CYP2D6*4, GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and NAT2 polymorphisms for the susceptibility to LC in a Portuguese population considering their demographic and clinical characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 LC and 247 controls subjects from the Centre of Portugal were studied. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected from clinical files and by individual questionnaires. Polymorphisms of CYP1A1*2A, CYP1A1*2C, CYP2D6*4, GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and NAT2 were genotyped using PCR-RFLP, PCR multiplex, ARMS and real time. RESULTS: Gender, family history of cancer, smoke cessation and alcohol consumption were independent risk factors (p < 0.05). Associations found between phases I and II genes and LC population reveal a sex dependent distribution. Logistic regression analysis demonstrates that enhanced activation by CYPs, associated by reduced or loss of function of phase II enzymes, can lead to a greater risk. GSTP1 and NAT2 polymorphisms studied have a significant contribution for the histological tumour types and the presence of metastases, at time of diagnosis, respectively, when males with smoking habits were considered. CONCLUSION: Multiple interactions between environment and individual characteristics are clearly associated to this disease. Variants of the detoxification genes may act synergistically contributing to this disease and modifying the risk posed by smoking and sex. The GSTT1*0 and GSTP1 (Ile462Val) might contribute to the malignant phenotype through different mechanisms.
Assuntos
Arilamina N-Acetiltransferase/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6/genética , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Glutationa S-Transferase pi/genética , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Razão de Chances , Portugal , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
The Portuguese Journal of Pulmonology is progressively achieving an important status in Portuguese medical literature. The present editors thought it would be an enriching task to revise the main topics published during 2009. The invited members of the Editorial Board covered and commented the most relevant articles and gave us an important picture of the quality of the science it was published in Portuguese Pulmonology.
