Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 3 de 3
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Assunto principal
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
R Soc Open Sci ; 10(11): 230160, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38026008

RESUMO

Trait-based analyses have been successful in determining and predicting species association outcomes in diverse communities. Most studies have limited the scope of this approach to the biotic responses of a small number of species or geographical regions. We focused on determining whether three biologically relevant traits (body size, temperature preference and trophic level) influence the patterns of co-occurrence between multiple species. We used fish species presence/absence from 9204 lakes in Ontario, Canada, to obtain effect sizes of 2001 species-pair co-occurrence values, using a null model approach. Euclidean distances between each species-pair were calculated for each of the three traits selected. Multiple regression models and randomization tests were used to determine the direction and significance of the relationship of each trait with the observed co-occurrence values. The results show that species temperature preference was significantly related to co-occurrence patterns, indicating the effect of environmental filtering. Trophic level was significantly related to co-occurrence values for both linear and quadratic terms, suggesting that segregation between species is driven by large differences in this trait (predation effects). Unexpectedly, body size was not significantly related to the observed co-occurrence patterns. We provide a new approach to test relationships between species assemblages and trait conditions.

2.
J Anim Ecol ; 90(12): 2859-2874, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34498261

RESUMO

Abiotic factors are recognized for their strong influence on community structure. Habitat diversity is related to resource availability that influences species richness and abundance. In lakes, surface area and depth have been used as measures of the size and diversity of habitat, and have strong effects on the structure of entire communities. We tested whether abiotic variables, related to habitat size, influence co-occurrence patterns of species pairs of fishes by analysing groups of lakes within a specific area and depth categories in two regions in Ontario, Canada. We used null models to obtain co-occurrence patterns and standard effect sizes for each species pair within each area and depth category. We estimated standard effect sizes relative to lake area or depth and determined whether species co-occurrence patterns change systematically as these measures of habitat increase. We evaluated groups of species where factors such as predation and habitat filtering have been shown to structure those assemblages, and we tested whether area and depth alter the species associations and our interpretation of these relationships. We found significant differences between the observed and expected distributions of regression slopes relating co-occurrences to area and depth in both regions across all species, which indicated the strong influence of both variables on the overall co-occurrence patterns. We observed a significant negative trend of the co-occurrence patterns across lake area categories for the predator-prey species, indicating that the effect of predation was stronger in smaller lakes, but it was reduced in larger lakes, possibly due to increased habitat and resource availability. We show that pooling results as done in standard community null models can lead to Type II errors due to the 'cancellation' of opposing ecological signals. Our results demonstrate the effect of environmental variables on species co-occurrence patterns, but the divergent results obtained between geographical regions suggest that such patterns are context-dependent. This study emphasizes the importance of considering abiotic factors in null models of species co-occurrence to obtain reliable and detailed information about the association patterns between species.


Los factores abióticos son reconocidos por su fuerte influencia en la estructura de comunidades. La diversidad de habitats está relacionado con la disponibilidad de recursos que a su vez influencia la riqueza y abundancia de especies. En los lagos, el área de superficie y la profundidad son factores empleados como medida de tamaño y diversidad del habitat, que a su vez tienen fuertes efectos en la estructura de comunidades enteras. En este estudio, probamos si las variables abióticas, relacionadas con tamaño de habitat, influencian los patrones de co-ocurrencia en pares de especies de peces mediante el análisis de lagos agrupados dentro de específicas categorías de área y profundidad en dos regiones en Ontario, Canadá. Hicimos uso de modelos nulos para obtener patrones de co-ocurrencia y tamaños de efecto estándar para cada par de especies dentro de cada categoría de área y profundidad. Se estimo el tamaño de efecto estándar relacionado con el área y profundidad de los lagos y se determine si los patrones de co-ocurrencia cambiaban de forma sistemática con el incremento del tamaño del habitat. Evaluamos grupos de especies en donde ha sido observado el efecto de depredación o filtro del habitat sobre la estructura de esos ensamblajes y probamos si el área o la profundidad influían sobre la asociación entre especies y nuestra interpretación de esas estructuras. Encontramos diferencias significativas entre las distribuciones de pendientes observadas y esperada, relacionando co-ocurrencia con área y profundidad, en ambas regiones y para todas las especies, lo cual indica en general una fuerte influencia de ambas variables sobre el patrón general de co-ocurrencia. Se observo una tendencia negativa significativa de los patrones de co-ocurrencia en las categorías de área para los pares de especies de depredador-presa, lo cual indica que el efecto de depredación fue más fuerte en lagos pequeños, pero este efecto disminuyo en lagos más grandes, posiblemente debido al aumento de habitats y recursos disponibles. De esta manera mostramos que al combinar resultados, como se ha hecho de forma típica en estudios de modelos nulos en comunidades, se puede incurrir en error de tipo II debido a la cancelación de señales ecológicas opuestas. Nuestros resultados demuestran el efecto de variables ambientales en patrones de co-ocurrencia de especies, pero los resultados divergentes obtenidos entre las regiones geográficas sugieren que estos patrones son contexto-dependientes. Este estudio hace énfasis en la importancia de considerar los factores abióticos en estudios de co-ocurrencia de especies para así obtener información confiable y detallada sobre los patrones de asociación entre especies.


Assuntos
Peixes , Lagos , Animais , Ecossistema , Ontário , Comportamento Predatório
3.
Rev. colomb. quím. (Bogotá) ; 34(2): 211-218, dic. 2005. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-636574

RESUMO

Durante los meses de julio a noviembre del año 2003 se llevó a cabo el estudio sobre la determinación espacio-temporal de la concentración de fósforo en el Lago de Tota (Boyacá, Colombia). Las muestras se tomaron con la botella Van-Dorn tipo horizontal de dos litros de capacidad en el estrato superficial hasta 20 cm en la columna de agua y a 10 m de profundidad. Las distintas formas de fósforo estudiadas demuestran que existen diferencias significativas en sus concentraciones; los mayores valores se encontraron en el sector denominado Lago Chico y los menores en el área de Lago Grande; este comportamiento se encuentra muy asociado con los usos agrícolas del suelo en la zona litoral y con los factores climáticos, especialmente la precipitación en el área de estudio.


The lapse from July to November of 2003 a study was made to determine the spatial and temporal concentration of phosphorus in the lake of Tota (Boyacá, Colombia). Samples were taken with a Van- Dorn bottle of the horizontal type of two liter capacity in the superficial stratum up to 20 cm in the water column and at 10 m depth. The different forms of phosphorus studied, show that there are significant differences in their concentrations, the highest values being found in the sector known as Lago Chico and the lowest in the area of Lago Grande; this behavior is found to be closely related to the agricultural uses of the land in the littoral zone and additionally with the climatic factors especially the precipitation in the area investigated.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...