RESUMO
Introducción: Existen diferencias tanto biológicas como socioculturales en las afecciones cardiovasculares. Las desigualdades en el pronóstico entre mujeres y hombres se deben a diversas variables, entre las que se encuentran factores de riesgo específicos de las féminas, discrepancias en las estrategias de tratamiento y diferencias fisiopatológicas. Objetivo: Identificar diferencias sexuales en pacientes que presentan un síndrome coronario agudo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, de corte transversal, sobre diferencias de sexo en 170 pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo egresados vivos de la Unidad de Cuidados Coronarios Intensivos del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Comandante Manuel Fajardo en 2016 y 2017. Resultados: Las féminas tuvieron asociación estadísticamente muy significativa con una media de edad mayor (68 vs. 62 p < 0,01) y con el antecedente de hipertensión arterial (91,2% vs. 72,3% p < 0,01). El hábito tabáquico mostró asociación estadísticamente significativa con los individuos varones (50,5 vs. 30,4% p = 0,017). El sexo masculino tuvo una mediana de creatinina muy significativamente mayor (90 μmol/L vs. 80 μmol/L p < 0,01). Las mujeres mostraron un mayor riesgo de complicaciones hemodinámicas (OR = 3,11 IC 95% = 1,20-8,04). Conclusiones: En individuos con síndrome coronario agudo el sexo femenino se asocia con mayor edad, antecedente de hipertensión arterial y aparición de complicaciones hemodinámicas intrahospitalarias. Los varones se asocian con el hábito tabáquico y mayores concentraciones de creatinina sérica
Introduction: There are both biological and sociocultural differences in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Inequalities in the prognosis between women and men are due to several variables, including specific risk factors for females, discrepancies in treatment strategies, and pathophysiological differences. Objective: To identify gender differences in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on the gender differences in 170 patients with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome who were discharged from the Intensive Coronary Care Unit of the Comandante Manuel Fajardo Clinical-Surgical hospital in 2016 and 2017. Results: Females had a statistically very significant association, with a higher mean age (68 vs. 62, P < .01) and with a history of arterial hypertension (91.2 vs. 72.3% P < .01). The smoking habit showed a statistically significant association with male individuals (50.5 vs. 30.4% P = .017). Males had a significantly higher median creatinine (90 μmol/L vs. 80 μmol/L, P < .01). Women showed an increased risk of haemodynamic complications (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.20-8.04). Conclusions: In women with acute coronary syndrome, being female is associated with older age, a history of arterial hypertension, and the appearance of haemodynamic complications during admission. Males are associated with smoking habits and higher concentrations of serum creatinine
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/terapia , Estudos Transversais , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Risco , PrognósticoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: There are both biological and sociocultural differences in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Inequalities in the prognosis between women and men are due to several variables, including specific risk factors for females, discrepancies in treatment strategies, and pathophysiological differences. OBJECTIVE: To identify gender differences in patients with acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on the gender differences in 170 patients with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome who were discharged from the Intensive Coronary Care Unit of the Comandante Manuel Fajardo Clinical-Surgical Hospital in 2016 and 2017. RESULTS: Females had a statistically very significant association, with a higher mean age (68 vs. 62, P<.01) and with a history of arterial hypertension (91.2 vs. 72.3% P<.01). The smoking habit showed a statistically significant association with male individuals (50.5 vs. 30.4% P=.017). Males had a significantly higher median creatinine (90µmol/L vs. 80µmol/L, P<.01). Women showed an increased risk of haemodynamic complications (OR=3.11, 95% CI=1.20-8.04). CONCLUSIONS: In women with acute coronary syndrome, being female is associated with older age, a history of arterial hypertension, and the appearance of haemodynamic complications during admission. Males are associated with smoking habits and higher concentrations of serum creatinine.
