Relationships between motor performance and body composition of school adolescents / Relações entre o desempenho motor e a composição corporal de adolescentes escolares

INTRODUCTION: Motor coordination is a result of interactions between many body systems, producing accurate and balanced kinetic actions. The evaluation of motor performance levels in children and teenagers may conserve and improve health and life qualities. Body composition may interfere considerably in motor coordination, particularly in overweight and obese conditions. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationships between motor performance and body composition in children. METHODS: Motor coordination was evaluated through the Körperkoordinations test für Kinder (KTK test), considering the motor quotient (MQ) and body composition using the body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: BMI (38% and 36%) and BF% (28% and 22%), from boys and girls respectively, demonstrated that body composition is above the recommended. Girls presented MQ values lower than those observed in boys (p < 0.001). The groups with BFPs below the recommended value showed higher values of MQ than the normal group (p<0.05) and than children above the recommended ideal (p < 0.05). A reverse correlation was observed between MQ with BF% (r = -0.432) or BMI (r = -0.254). CONCLUSION: There are relationships between body composition and motor coordination in teenagers between 11 and 14 years old, related or not to gender and age,

INTRODUÇÃO: A coordenação motora é uma interação harmoniosa entre diversos sistemas corporais para produzir ações cinéticas precisas e equilibradas. Diagnosticar níveis de desempenho motor em crianças e adolescentes pode favorecer a prevenção, conservação e melhoria da saúde e qualidade de vida. A composição corporal pode interferir consideravelmente na coordenação motora, principalmente em situações de sobrepeso e obesidade. OBJETIVO: Analisar relações entre desempenho motor e composição corporal de escolares. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados em 105 escolares a coordenação motora através do teste KTK (Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder) considerando o Quociente Motor (QM) e a composição corporal por meio do Percentual de Gordura Corporal (%GC) e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). RESULTADOS: Os resultados da composição corporal demonstraram que pelo IMC (38% e 36%) e %GC (28% e 22%) dos meninos e meninas, respectivamente, foram classificados no grupo Acima do Ideal. Com relação ao desempenho motor as meninas apresentaram valores de QM inferiores aos dos meninos (p<0,001). O grupo com %GC Abaixo do Ideal apresentou maiores valores de QM que os grupos Ideal (p<0,05) e Acima do Ideal (p<0,05). Foi observada correlação inversa entre o QM, o %GC e o IMC (r=-0,432 e r=-0,254, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: existem relações entre composição corporal e coordenação motora de adolescentes entre 11 e 14 anos, específicas ou não ao sexo e a faixa etária.

Effects of high-protein diet containing isolated whey protein in rats submitted to resistance training of aquatic jumps.

OBJECTIVES: Isolated whey protein (IWP) can decrease body fat compared with other protein sources. The present study verified the effects of high protein diet (HD) containing IWP on several parameters of rats subjected to resistance training (RT). METHODS: Thirty-two male Wistar rats (60 days of age) were separated into four groups (n = 8/group): sedentary normoproteic (IWP 14%; SN); sedentary hyperproteic (IWP 35%; SH); trained normoproteic (IWP 14%; TN), and trained hyperproteic (WPI 35%; TH). RESULTS: Relative tissue/organ weight (g): perirenal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues were lower in SH and TH compared with SN (no difference to TN); omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues were higher in SN compared with SH. Epididymal adipose tissue was higher in SN compared with other groups. Heart weight was higher in TH compared with TN and SN, but not SH; kidney and liver higher in TH and SH compared with SN and TN; gastrocnemius lower in SN compared with other groups; soleus higher in SH in relation to other groups. The triglycerides levels (mg/dL) was reduced in the TH groups compared with SH, TN, and SN. There were no changes both in the concentrations of adiponectin and leptin and in the protein expression of GLUT-4 and p70s6k. CONCLUSION: HD containing WPI improved body composition, increased the weight of the heart, kidneys, liver and gastrocnemius and soleus muscles; however, this diet maintained the normal histomorphology of muscle and liver and, when associated with RT, reduced the serum levels of triglycerides.