Cytotoxicity evaluation of sodium alendronate on cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

External root resorption processes are usually associated with dental trauma, mainly avulsion and intrusion. In such cases endodontic therapy aims to prevent this process by using medications that can inhibit osteoclastic activity, such as bisphosphonates. However, these drugs must be biocompatible to the periapical tissues. The aim of this study was to analyze the cytotoxicity of a bisphosphonate (sodium alendronate) on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL cells). Cells were plated in a density of 1 x 10(3) cells per dish. The experimental groups were GI (control) no sodium alendronate, and GII, GIII, and GIV with sodium alendronate at the concentrations of 10(-5), 10(-6), and 10(-7) M, respectively. The experimental times were 1, 6, 12, and 24 h (short-term) for viability and 2, 4, 6, and 8 days (long-term) for cell survival. Data in triplicate were statistically analyzed. Cultures treated with the highest alendronate concentration (GII) showed cell viability percentages significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those of the other groups (GI, GIII, and GIV), at 12 and 24 h. Cell growth on GII and GIII groups was similar. GII presented smaller growth than the other groups (P < 0.05). We concluded that sodium alendronate, on direct contact with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts, is cytotoxic in concentrations higher than of 10(-6) M.

Perfuraçöes iatrogênicas: Super-Eba e MTA: uma revisäo de novos cimentos / Iatrogenic perforations: Super-Eba and MTA: a review of new cements

Perfuraçöes iatrogênicas podem ocorrer durante a manobra de cirurgia de acesso, instrumentaçäo de canais radiculares ou até durante a manobra de preparo para retentor intra-radicular. A inflamaçäo nos tecidos subjacentes, causada pelas perfuraçöes, torna duvidoso o prognóstico do dente envolvido. Nessa revisäo, analisamos alguns materiais, além do Super-Elba, o MTA para o reparo imediato de perfuraçöes iatrogênicas. O uso do MTA mostrou ser o material mais promissor, porém necessitando de novos estudos clínicos para uma melhor avaliaçäo

O fenômeno "flare-up" em endodontia: fatores etiológicos e associados / The flare-up phenomenon in endodontics: etiologics and associated factors

Muitas vezes as urgências em endodontia podem ser apresentadas em três momentos distintos: antes, durante e após a intervençäo endodôntica. Essas urgências säo denominadas flare-ups, onde se faz necessário um atendimento em caráter emergencial, em virtude da presença de edema, ou dor e edema combinados. As razöes pelas quais os flare-ups ocorrem nem sempre säo claras. Nesse trabalho, discorreremos sobre as hipóteses de sua ocorrência e prevençäo