Exploring the potential of Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis sequencing: An assessment of R10 flowcells and V14 chemistry.

Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing is a promising technology. We assessed the performance of the new ONT R10 flowcells and V14 rapid sequencing chemistry for Mtb whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) DNA extracted from clinical primary liquid cultures (CPLCs). Using the recommended protocols for MinION Mk1C, R10.4.1 MinION flowcells, and the ONT Rapid Sequencing Kit V14 on six CPLC samples, we obtained a pooled library yield of 10.9 ng/µl, generated 1.94 Gb of sequenced bases and 214k reads after 48h in a first sequencing run. Only half (49%) of all generated reads met the Phred Quality score threshold (>8). To assess if the low data output and sequence quality were due to impurities present in DNA extracted directly from CPLCs, we added a pre-library preparation bead-clean-up step and included purified DNA obtained from an Mtb subculture as a control sample in a second sequencing run. The library yield for DNA extracted from four CPLCs and one Mtb subculture (control) was similar (10.0 ng/µl), 2.38 Gb of bases and 822k reads were produced. The quality was slightly better with 66% of the produced reads having a Phred Quality >8. A third run of DNA from six CPLCs with bead clean-up pre-processing produced a low library yield (±1 Gb of bases, 166k reads) of low quality (51% of reads with a Phred Quality score >8). A median depth of coverage above 10× was only achieved for five of 17 (29%) sequenced libraries. Compared to Illumina WGS of the same samples, accurate lineage predictions and full drug resistance profiles from the generated ONT data could not be determined by TBProfiler. Further optimization of the V14 ONT rapid sequencing chemistry and library preparation protocol is needed for clinical Mtb WGS applications.

Performance of hybrid biofilter based on rice husks/sawdust treating grey wastewater.

An innovative nature-based technology for wastewater treatment is the hybrid biofiltration, which combines complex symbiotic relationships between plants, earthworms and microorganisms with adequate support components. This latter could be optimized using organic supports. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of hybrid biofilters based on rice husks/sawdust treating grey wastewater from mining camps. Four biofilters using an active layer (rice husks/sawdust: 50/50%, v/v) at 60(B60) and 45(B45) cm height and operating for 64 days at a hydraulic loading rate between 1 and 5 m3/m2d were monitored. Eisenia foetida Savigny and Cyperus papyrus L. were used as a biotic component. COD, N-NH4+, NO3-, NO2-, PO43- and fecal coliforms were weekly monitored. Results showed that the most efficient HB was using 60 cm as an active layer and operating at 3 m3/m2d, which reported average removal efficiencies for COD, NH4+, NO3-, PO43- and fecal coliforms up to 85, 89, 47, 49 and 99.9%, respectively. Organic support improved the rate growth for Cyperus papirus L. and E. foetida Savigny up to 50%. Hybrid biofiltration using organic residues is low-cost, providing all-encompassing operational and performance features, improving the wastewater reclamation opportunities.

Agricultura no brasil em tempos de expansão e monopolização do território pelo agronegócio / Agriculture in brazil in times of expansion and monopolization of the territory by agribusiness / La agricultura en brasil en tiempos de expansión y monopolización del territorio por la agroindustria

A agricultura no Brasil em tempos de expansão e monopolização do território pelo agronegócio é o foco do presente artigo desenvolvido fundamentalmente a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e periódicos, consistindo também em parte do acúmulo analítico de pesquisa de maior escopo. O estudo evidencia os avanços e permanências da agricultura no Brasil, dos primórdios - quando ainda sob hegemonia das oligarquias agrárias -, aos processos mais recentes que, a partir da modernização conservadora, desembocam, na atualidade, na ampla projeção da economia do agronegócio. Os resultados indicam as tensões desse modelo hegemônico contemporâneo, no contraponto às necessidades da agricultura familiar. Com a expansão do território pelo agronegócio, forja-se uma agricultura ultra modernizada para produção em larga escala de commodities para exportação e assentada na velha concentração da propriedade fundiária. Nessa dinâmica, vem sendo produzidas lógicas e teses em confronto, na medida em que as classes subalternizadas, afeitas ao universo familiar na produção e reprodução da vida no campo, colhem os efeitos deletérios da monopolização do território pelo capital, muitas vezes tensionando e resistindo, outras, subsumindo-se ou adaptando-se ao mercado, até por força das necessidades prementes impostas pela pobreza no campo.(AU)

Agriculture in Brazil in times of expansion and monopolization of the territory by agribusiness is the focus of this article, developed fundamentally from bibliographical research in books and periodicals, also consisting in part of the analytical accumulation of larger scope research. The study highlights the advances and permanences of agriculture in Brazil, from the beginnings - when still under the hegemony of agrarian oligarchies -, to the most recent processes that, based on conservative modernization, currently lead to the broad projection of the agribusiness economy. The results indicate the tensions of this contemporary hegemonic model, in counterpoint to the needs of family farming. With the expansion of the territory through agribusiness, an ultra-modernized agriculture for large-scale production of commodities for export is forged, based on the old concentration of land ownership. In this dynamic, conflicting logics and theses have been produced, as subalternized classes, accustomed to the family universe in the production and reproduction of rural life, reap the deleterious effects of the monopolization of territory by capital, often tensioning and resisting, others, subsuming or adapting to the market, even due to the pressing needs imposed by rural poverty.(AU)

La agricultura en Brasil en tiempos de expansión y monopolización del territorio por la agroindustria es el foco de este artículo, desarrollado fundamentalmente a partir de la investigación bibliográfica en libros y revistas, que también consiste en parte del cúmulo analítico de investigaciones de mayor alcance. El estudio destaca los avances y permanencias de la agricultura en Brasil, desde los inicios --cuando aún bajo la hegemonía de las oligarquías agrarias--, hasta los procesos más recientes que, basados en la modernización conservadora, actualmente conducen a la amplia proyección de la economía agroindustrial. Los resultados indican las tensiones de este modelo hegemónico contemporáneo, en contrapunto a las necesidades de la agricultura familiar. Con la expansión del territorio a través de la agroindustria, se forja una agricultura ultramodernizada para la producción a gran escala de commodities de exportación, basada en la antigua concentración de la propiedad de la tierra. En esta dinámica se han producido lógicas y tesis conflictivas, ya que las clases subalternizadas, acostumbradas al universo familiar en la producción y reproducción de la vida rural, cosechan los efectos deletéreos de la monopolización del territorio por parte del capital, a menudo tensionando y resistiendo, otras, subsumiendo. o adaptarse al mercado, incluso debido a las necesidades apremiantes que impone la pobreza rural.(AU)

Epidemiological analysis of hospitalized cases of COVID-19 in in-digenous people in an Amazonian region: cross-sectional study with data from the surveillance of acute and severe respiratory syn-dromes in Brazil

Indigenous people are considered more vulnerable to new infectious agents. In view of the novel coronavirus causing COVID-19, health authorities are concerned about the possible impact of the pandemic on reaching vulnerable populations, such as the indigenous people of the Brazilian Amazon. Thus, we aimed to carry out an epidemiological analysis of serious cases and deaths from COVID-19 in indigenous population in the state of Para, Brazil. The data was obtained from the public Ministry of Health platform. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20, Chi-square of adherence, the independence test and G test. For spatial distribution was used ArcGIS. We observed 123 COVID-19 cases: 46 deaths (37.40%), male gender (76-61.79%), age above 60 years (61-49.6%), the most frequent risk factor was chronic cardiovascular disease (18-14.63%). The predictors of death were: invasive ventilation has (10.73) more chances for the outcome death, those not vaccinated against influenza have (3.41) and age (1.4). COVID-19 occurrence was higher in municipalities that have villages with health care or commerce, or with migrants from the Warao ethnic group. Notifications should take into consideration the specific issues of indigenous people so that effective control measures can be defined.

Salt-tolerance induced by leaf spraying with H2O2 in sunflower is related to the ion homeostasis balance and reduction of oxidative damage.

Salinity is still one of the main factors that limit the growth and production of crops. However, currently, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) priming has become a promising technique to alleviate the deleterious effects caused by salt. Therefore, this study aimed to test different leaf spraying strategies with H2O2 for acclimation of sunflower plants to salt stress, identifying the main physiological and biochemical changes involved in this process. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications. Initially, four concentrations of H2O2 were tested (0.1; 1; 10 and 100 mM) associated with different applications: 1AP - one application (48 h before exposure to NaCl); 2AP - two applications (1AP + one application 7 days after exposure to NaCl) and 3AP - three applications (2AP + one application 14 days after exposure to NaCl), besides this two reference treatments were also added: control (absence of NaCl and absence of H2O2) and salt control (presence of 100 mM of NaCl and absence of H2O2). The experiment was conducted in hydroponic system containing Furlani's nutrient solution. Salt stress reduced the growth of sunflower plants, however, the H2O2 priming through leaf spraying was able to reduce the deleterious effects caused by salt, especially in the 1 mM H2O2 treatment with one application. H2O2 acts as a metabolic signal assisting in the maintenance of ionic and redox homeostasis, and consequently increasing the tolerance of plants to salt stress.

The impact of vitamin D supplementation on VDR gene expression and body composition in monozygotic twins: randomized controlled trial.

Vitamin D supplementation is widely used. However, there is no consensus on the use and dosage of this supplement and the existing recommendations arise from studies based on the benefits that this nutrient can facilitate in bones. In addition, individual genetics can influence the response to supplementation, therefore, research involving monozygotic twins aims to reduce these differences in phenotypic responses. The objective of this randomised controlled study is to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition and the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA. An intervention was performed through supplementation with cholecalciferol at the concentration of 2000 IU in 90 healthy adult monozygotic twins (male or female pairs) for 2 months. The findings showed that serum vitamin D concentration increased by 65% and VDR gene expression sixty times (p = 0.001). Changes in body composition parameters were observed regarding body fat and lean mass. Our results indicate that an increase in serum vitamin D concentration may have potential therapeutic implications.

Genomic characterization of MDR/XDR-TB in Kazakhstan by a combination of high-throughput methods predominantly shows the ongoing transmission of L2/Beijing 94-32 central Asian/Russian clusters.

BACKGROUND: Kazakhstan remains a high-burden TB prevalence country with a concomitent high-burden of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. For this reason, we performed an in depth genetic diversity and population structure characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) genetic diversity in Kazakhstan with both patient and community benefit. METHODS: A convenience sample of 700 MTC DNA cultures extracts from 630 tuberculosis patients recruited from 12 out of 14 regions in Kazakhstan, between 2010 and 2015, was independently studied by high-throughput hybridization-based methods, TB-SPRINT (59-Plex, n = 700), TB-SNPID (50-Plex, n = 543). DNA from 391 clinical isolates was successfully typed by two methods. To resolve the population structure of drug-resistant clades in more detail two complementary assays were run on the L2 isolates: an IS6110-NTF insertion site typing assay and a SigE SNP polymorphism assay. RESULTS: Strains belonged to L2/Beijing and L4/Euro-American sublineages; L2/Beijing prevalence totaled almost 80%. 50% of all samples were resistant to RIF and to INH., Subtyping showed that: (1) all L2/Beijing were "modern" Beijing and (2) most of these belonged to the previously described 94-32 sublineage (Central Asian/Russian), (3) at least two populations of the Central Asian/Russian sublineages are circulating in Kazakhstan, with different evolutionary dynamics. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the global genetic diversity and population structure of M. tuberculosis genotypes circulating in Kazakhstan was obtained and compared to previous local studies. Results suggest a region-specific spread of a very limited number of L2/Beijing clonal complexes in Kazakhstan many strongly associated with an MDR phenotype.

Milk-sensitive eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a 2-month-old boy.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease of unknown aetiology, characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal wall with various gastrointestinal manifestations. Clinical presentation and radiological findings are non-specific and there is an overlap with more frequent childhood diseases requiring a high degree of clinical suspicion for accurate diagnosis. We describe a 2-month-old boy with prolonged diarrhoea, vomiting and food refusal. Diagnosis was settled by histology. The treatment with elemental diet was successful, with clinical resolution and catch-up growth.

Crescimento de plantas de girassol cultivadas em ambiente contaminado por chumbo / Growth of sunflower plants cultivated in lead contaminated environment

A utilização de técnicas para amenizar o potencial contaminante de metais no solo, dentre elas, a fitorremediação justifica a então realização de estudos que relacionam espécies vegetais que possuam capacidade de se adaptar aos ambientes contaminados. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características de crescimento e o índice de tolerância de plantas de girassol cultivadas em ambiente contaminado com chumbo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, utilizando solução nutritiva. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, testando cinco doses de chumbo: 0; 51,8; 103,6; 207,2 e 414,4 mg L-1 de Pb, com quatro repetições. As plantas foram submetidas à aplicação dos tratamentos durante um período de 30 dias. Foram realizadas coletas das seguintes variáveis de crescimento: altura, diâmetro, número de folhas, número de folhas inviáveis, área foliar e clorofila total. Foram coletadas particionadas em folhas, haste (pecíolo+caule) e raiz e posteriormente quantificados os respectivos valores de massa desses componentes. A presença do chumbo promoveu efeito significativo nos valores de todas as variáveis de crescimento. O chumbo reduziu significativamente a massa seca das plantas de girassol quando estavam altas concentrações. As mudas de girassol apresentam um índice de tolerância próximo a 85%, quando cultivado em baixas concentrações.

The use of techniques to mitigate potential contaminant metals in the soil, among them, then justifies the phytoremediation studies relating plant species that have the capacity to adapt to environments contaminated. This study aimed to evaluate the growth characteristics and tolerance index of sunflower plants grown in the contaminated with lead. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University in the Recôncavo of Bahia, using nutrient solution. We used a completely randomized design, testing five doses of lead: 0; 51.8; 103.6, 207.2 and 414.4 mg L-1 Pb, with four replications. The plants were subjected to the application of treatments over a period of 30 days. Were collected the following growth variables: height, diameter, number of leaves, leaf number unviable, leaf area, total chlorophyll. We collected partitioned into leaves, stem (petiole + stem) and root and subsequently measured their mass values of these components. The presence of lead promoted significant effect on the values of all variables of growth. Lead significantly reduced the dry weight of sunflower plants when they were high concentrations. Sunflower seedlings have a tolerance index near 85%, when grown at low concentrations.

O acesso ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento de tuberculose em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro / Access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in a state capital in northeast Brazil / El acceso al diagnóstico y al tratamiento de tuberculosis en una capital del nordeste brasileño

Este estudo transversal descritivo objetivou avaliar o acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Teresina. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada a 86 doentes de tuberculose, no período de março a maio de 2010. Entre os entrevistados, 52,3% procuraram a unidade de saúde mais próxima do seu domicílio no diagnóstico, 75,6% referiram não ter dificuldade de deslocamento até a unidade de saúde. Em 62,8% dos casos, o tratamento foi autoadministrado nos dois primeiros meses. A maioria precisou procurar o serviço três ou mais vezes para conseguir o primeiro atendimento e avaliou o trabalho da equipe de saúde como razoável. No presente estudo foi predominante a autoadministração do medicamento. Portanto, a forma de organização da atenção não constitui fator determinante para a garantia de acesso ao diagnóstico precoce e ao tratamento adequado.

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to evaluate access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis by the Family Health Strategy in Teresina. Data were collected through structured interview of 86 patients with tuberculosis in the period from March to May 2010. Of the respondents, 52.3% attended the nearest clinic to their home; 75.6% reported having no difficulty in getting to the clinic. In 62.8% of cases, treatment was self-administered for the first two months. Most patients had to visit the service three or more times before being attended for the first time, and evaluated the health team’s work as fair. In the present study, medication was predominantly self-administered. Therefore, how care was organized did not constitute a determinant factor in ensuring access to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Este estudio transversal descriptivo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el acceso al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tuberculosis en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, en Teresina-PI-Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevista estructurada a 86 pacientes con tuberculosis, en el período de marzo a mayo de 2010. Entre los encuestados, 52,3% buscaron la unidad de salud más cercana de su casa en el diagnóstico, el 75,6% informaron no tener dificultades en el transporte para la clínica. En 62,8% de los casos, el tratamiento fue autosuministrado en los dos primeros meses. La mayoría de los pacientes necesitó buscar el servicio tres o más veces para obtener el primer tratamiento y evaluó el trabajo del equipo de salud como razonable. En el presente estudio fue predominante la autoadministración de la medicación. Por lo tanto, la forma de organización de la atención no es un factor determinante para garantizar el acceso al diagnóstico temprano y al tratamiento adecuado.

Características de deficiência nutricional do amendoinzeiro submetido à omissão de N, P, K / Characteristics of nutritional deficiency in groundnut submitted to the absence of N, P, and K

O amendoim é uma excelente alternativa agrícola para a região Nordeste do Brasil, porém, poucos estudos têm sido realizados para esta cultura, no tocante à sua adubação. Sendo assim, foi realizado um estudo com o objetivo de avaliar o rendimento e as características visuais de deficiência nutricional do amendoinzeiro (Arachis hypogaea L.) submetido à omissão de N, P e K. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, no Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, situada em Cruz das Almas ­ BA, no período de Agosto a Outubro de 2010. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, constando de sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos estudados foram: T1- Solução Completa; T2- Omissão de N; T3- Omissão de P; T4 - Omissão K; T5- Omissão de NP; T6- Omissão PK e T7- Omissão de NPK. Durante todo o ciclo da cultura avaliou-se os possíveis aspectos visuais de deficiência. Ao final do experimento foram avaliados dados de altura e teor de clorofila. Aos 60 dias após a emergência, as plantas foram coletadas e particionadas em folhas, hastes e raízes, e secadas a 65ºC em estufa com circulação forçada de ar até atingir peso constante para quantificar a massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. Nestas condições experimentais a omissão de K não se mostrou um fator limitante para o acúmulo de massa seca de folhas e haste nas plantas de amendoim. O fósforo se mostrou bastante requerido para o crescimento em altura e acúmulo de massa seca das folhas e hastes. O teor de clorofila da planta foi menor nos tratamento onde houve a omissão de N. Dos tratamentos aplicados, o que se mostrou mais limitante foi o tratamento com omissão de NPK, confirmando a importância da aplicação destes nutrientes às plantas de amendoim.

The groundnut is a great agricultural alternative for the Northeast region of Brazil, but few studies have been carried out for this crop in relation to its fertilization. Thus, a study was conducted to evaluate the performance and visual characteristics of nutritional deficiency in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) submitted to the absence of N, P, and K. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Bahia Recôncavo, at the Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, located in Cruz das Almas, BA, from August to October 2010. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, consisting of seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were: T1 - Complete Solution; T2 - Omission of N; T3 - Omission of P; T4 - Omission of K; T5 - Omission of NP; T6 ­ Omission of PK; and T7 - Omission of NPK. Throughout the crop cycle possible visual aspects of deficiency were assessed. At the end of the experiment, the data were evaluated in height and chlorophyll content. At sixty days after emergence (DAE) plants were collected and partitioned into leaves, stem and root for drying in air forced oven at 65°C until constant weight was obtained to measure the dry mass of shoot and root. Under these experimental conditions the omission of K was not a limiting factor for dry mass of leaves and stem in peanut plants. Phosphorus is an element that proved to be enough for the required growth in height and accumulation of dry mass of leaves and stem. The chlorophyll content of the plant was lower in the treatment in which there was the omission of N. The treatment with omission of NPK was the most limiting, demonstrating the importance of applying these nutrients to the groundnut plants.

[Spontaneous multiloculated pneumomediastinum in a newborn: case report]. / Pneumomediastino espontâneo multiloculado em recém -nascido: Caso clínico.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a term baby without assisted ventilation or known underlying pulmonary disease is uncommon. The authors present a case report of a term baby delivered by caesarean that developed mild respiratory distress after birth. The pulmonary X -ray on day 2 showed an abnormal gas lucency adjacent to the left cardiac border elevating thymic border indicative of pneumomediastinum. Our case demonstrates two unique features of neonatal pneumomediastinum - the presence of multiple internal septae and its tendency to loculate locally. The authors present this case for its rarity and the specific imagiological aspects.

Determinants of eating disorders symptomatology in Portuguese adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of psychological, biological, social, and familial characteristics and eating disorders symptomatology in 13-year-old Portuguese adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Schools in Porto, Portugal. PARTICIPANTS: Adolescents born in 1990 and attending schools in Porto, Portugal (n = 2036) completed a questionnaire at school containing the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) and Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition. Anthropometrical measurements were also performed. A questionnaire addressing parents' characteristics was sent home with the adolescents. MAIN EXPOSURE: Psychological, biological, social, and familial characteristics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Three core EDI subscales. RESULTS: After using multiple regression analyses, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and depressive symptomatology for both sexes were positively associated with eating disorder symptomatology evaluated by the 3 core EDI subscales (drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction). Parents' education had a significant positive effect on girls' drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction scores and a significant negative effect in boys' bulimia and body dissatisfaction scores. CONCLUSIONS: Higher body mass index and higher depressive symptomatology were associated with more severe eating disorder symptomatology in both sexes. A sex effect on the association between socioeconomic status and eating disorder symptomatology was found; girls with higher socioeconomic status and boys with lower socioeconomic status presented more eating disorder symptomatology.

[Psychometric properties of the Eating Disorders Inventory among Portuguese adolescents]. / Propriedades psicométricas do Eating Disorders Inventory em adolescentes Portugueses.

INTRODUCTION: Although Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) was developed with adults, a large amount of research about eating disorders in adolescents is usually conducted with EDI. The clinical and research utility of this instrument would be improved by analysing its psychometric properties when used with younger people than those in the original standardization samples. The main objective of our study is to analyse the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) among 13 year old Portuguese adolescents. METHODS: A sample of 1184 adolescents (641 girls and 543 boys) born in 1990 and attending public and private schools in Porto completed EDI and was evaluated with Stunkard Figure Scale at school. Anthropometric measurements were also performed. Internal consistency was analysed trough item-total correlations and Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate construct validity. RESULTS: After the exclusion of 17 of the 64 items that showed low consistency, a correlation matrix of seven principal components, that explained 49.8% of the total variance, was obtained. In this matrix, 8 subscales with alpha ranging from 0.53 to 0.87 were defined. The three core EDI subscales (Drive for Thinness, Bulimia and Body Dissatisfaction) presented good psychometric properties and, except item 1 (item-total correlation= 0.00), items showed good internal consistency (item-total correlations ranging from 0.41 and 0.73, Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.77 and 0.87). In accordance with theoretical constructs previously defined, girls presented higher mean scores than boys on Drive for Thinness subscale (4.0 vs. 1.7, p < 0.001). Also, adolescents with a healthy weight presented significantly lower scores than overweight adolescents in the same subscale. Boys and girls classified as dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with body image according to Stunkard Figure Rating Scale presented significantly higher scores on Body Dissatisfaction EDI subscale. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of EDI, with the proposed changes, showed good psychometric characteristics to evaluate symptoms associated with eating disorders among 13 year old adolescents. The subscales Drive for Thinness, Bulimia and Body Dissatisfaction, besides presenting good psychometric properties, remained similar to the same subscales in the original EDI. The instrument is able to distinguish groups according to theoretical constructs.

Diagnóstico das alterações nos seios maxilares através da imagem digitalizada / Diagnosis of alterations of maxillary sinuses through digitalized images

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a presença de alterações nos seios maxilares através da análise de radiografias panorâmicas digitalizadas sem uso de técnicas pós – processamento. Foram evidenciadas as ocorrências de pólipo/cisto mucoso, antrolito, diminuição de transparência, espessamento da mucosa e corpos estranhos de acordo com o gênero e faixa etária dos pacientes em 252 radiografias digitalizadas escolhidas, aleatoriamente, entre 1980 exames de um centro de diagnóstico por imagem na cidade de João Pessoa – PB. As análises foram realizadas em dois momentos, totalizando 504 avaliações radiográficas. Nos resultados observou-se um total de 139 pacientes acometidos por tais patologias perfazendo uma prevalência de 55,15% da amostra, onde a diminuição de transparência obteve maior expressão com 34,92% da amostra.

This study had the objective to verify alterations presented in the maxillary sinus through digital panoramic radiographs analysis without using after-processing techniques. The polyp/mucous cyst, antrolith, reduction of transparency, mucous thickening and the foreign bodies had been seen, according to the patients' genderand age group within 252 digital radiographs randomly selected among 1980 examinations from an image diagnostic center in João Pessoa city. The analysis were done in two steps totalizing 504 radiographs images. A total of 139 patients with such pathologies were observed in the results, amounted a prevalence of 55,15% of the sample where the transparency reduction got greater expression with 34,92% of the sample.

Avaliação da influência da sensibilidade do filme radiográfico intrabucal na detecção de lesão periapical artificialmente produzida / Evaluation of the influence of the intraoral radiographic film sensibility on the detection of artificial periapical bone lesion

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da sensibilidade do filme radiográfico intrabucal e experiência do examinador na detecção de lesão periapical artificialmente produzida. Antes e após a confecção de elsão periapical em mandíbula seca, foram realidas radiografias periapicais com filmes de diferentes sensibilidades: E (Kodak Insight, processado anualmente), D (Kodak Ultra-spedd) e E (Agfa M2 Confort). As radiografias obtidas foram analisadas sobre o negatoscópio, por dois diefrentes examinadores, que utilizaram uma escala de cinco níveis para indicar a presença ou não da lesão óssea. plotadas as curvas ROC, os resultados demonstarram que, para o examinador 1, os três filmes exibiram curvas idênticas valor ROC = 1). Para o examinador 2, as curvas ROC demonstraram um melhor desempenho para o filme Ultra-sped (valor ROC = 0,88), seguido pelo M2 Confort (valor ROC = 0,76) e Insight (valor ROC = 0,50)

Recursos imaginológicos no diagnóstico de neoplasias óssea malígnas do complexobucal e maxilofacial / Imaginologic resources in the diagnosis of malignants bony neoplasias of the oral and maxillofacial complex

As neoplasias ósseas malignas se apresentam sob diversas formas e, na maioria dos casos, por serem assintomáticas e de crescimento rápido, são detectadas já em estágios avançados, o que aumenta o porte da cirurgia e piora o prognóstico do paciente. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os diversos recursos imaginológicos que podem ser utilizados para o diagnóstico precoce e estadiamento das neoplasias malignas do complexo bucal e maxilofacial, bem como as limitações e indicações de cada exame, sempre procurando estabelecer um protocolo eficaz e acessível para o paciente, além de tornar a cirurgia mais conservadora e adequada a cada caso

Análise de imagem digitalizada pós-processada no diagnóstico de alterações nos seios maxilares e calcificações nas regiões carotídeas / Digital imaging analyses pos-processed in the diagnosis from maxillary sinus alterations and calcification in the carotid region

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência nos seios maxilares e calcificações nas regiões caritídeas, fazendo uso das ferramentas de pós-processamento nas imagens digitalizadas. Foram avaliadas 252 radiografias panorâmicas digitalizadas de três maneiras: 1) sem alteração na sua aparência; 2) com filtro em negativo; 3) com filtro pseudo-relevo, utilizando o porgrama Microsoft Photo Editor. As análises foram realizadas em dois momentos, totalizando 1,512 avaliações radiográficas. Para análise estatística, foram utilizadas o coeficente Kappa, o teste de McNemar, a análise de distribuição de frequência. O coeficiente Kappa evidenciou levre grau de concordância no teste-reteste. Do total das 252 radiografias examinadas 71,83 por cento apresentaram alguma alteração nos seios maxialres, Não houve diferenças significativas entre os lado direito e esquerdo. A diminuição de transparência, foi a alteração mais prevalente, sendo melhor visualizada utilizando o filtro pseudo-relevo seguido da imagem sem alteração da aparência e filtro em negativo. O espessamento da mucosa, o pólipo/cisto mucoso, o antrolito e os corpos estranhos no seio maxilar foram melhor evidenciados quando se utilizou filtros em negativo e pseudo-relevo. Os índices de prevalência das clacificações nas regiões carotídeas foram 1,98 por cento sem alteração da aparência e 3,97 por cento com uso de filtros em negativo e pseudo-relevo. Conclui-se que o uso das ferramentas de pós-processamento aumentou a capacidade de visualização das imagens, quando comparadas com imagens sem alteração da aparência. Portanto, as radiografias digitalizadas utilizando os filtros em negativo e de pseudo relevo, assim como sem alteração da aparência, são de grande valor e se complementam, para o diagnóstico de alterações nos seios maxilares e calcificações nas regiões carotídeas

Carcinoma epidermóide de língua / Tongue epidermoid carcinoma

Relato de um caso clínico de carcinoma epidermóide em paciente com 45 anos, sexo feminino, com higiene oral deficiente, negando tabagismo e etilismo. A paciente procurou o Hospital Dr Napoleão Laureano - João Pessoa-PB, com queixa de ferida na língua e ao axame clínico, observou-se uma lesão úlcero-infiltrativa endurecida à palpação, medindo aproximadamente 3cm. Os dados epidemiológicos registrados no estado da Paraíba tem demonstrado a alta ocorrência do câncer bucal, sendo a língua relatada como zona anatômica de maior risco. Constituindo um problema de saúde pública em nosso estado, faz-se necessário a realização de programas que visem a valorização das visitas periódicas ao dentista e o auto exame da cavidade bucal, pois são importantes armas que dispomos na diminuição da ocorrência do câncer bucal em nossa região

Estudo da eficácia e da tolerância de uma soluçäo reidratante oral segundo padräo O.M.S. em desidrataçäo por doença diarréica aguda / Efficacy and tolerance of a oral rehydration solution according to who standards in dehydration by acute dearrhea

Realizou-se estudo clínico para avaliar a eficácia e a segurança de uma nova opçäo de soluçäo hidroeletrolítica em TRO, em 25 crianças desidratadas em 1- ou 2- grau, por doença diarréica aguda. Clinicamente, 15 crianças estavam reidratadas na 8ª hora e 10 apresentavam desidrataçäo de 1§ grau. Na avaliaçäo das 24 horas, 23 crianças (92%) estavam satisfatoriamente hidratadas. O estudo confirma os resultados da literatura nacional e mundial sobre TRO, provando ser eficaz mesmo em desidrataçöes de 2§ grau, substituindo com vantagens a via intravenosa. Considerou-se altamente satisfatória a eficácia global de 92% e a tolerância da soluçäo, quanto à incidência de efeitos adversos, foi muita boa. Conclui-se ser a soluçäo estudada uma boa opçäo para reidrataçäo de crianças no grupo populacional que näo faz uso dos sais reidratantes da OMS/CEME, mantendo-se entretanto as recomendaçöes dessas organizaçöes de saúde