The intergenerational effects on birth weight and its relations to maternal conditions, São Paulo, Brazil.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Parents' birth weight acts as a predictor for the descendant birth weight, with the correlation more strongly transmitted through maternal line. The present research aims to study the correlation between the child's low or increased birth weight, the mother's birth weight, and maternal conditions. METHODS: 773 mother-infant binomials were identified with information on both the baby's and the mother's birth weight recorded. Group studies were constituted, dividing the sample according to birth weight (<2,500 grams (g) and ≥3,500 grams (g)). The length at birth was also studied in children ≤47.5 cm (lower quartile). Chi(2) test or Fisher's exact test, Spearman's Rho, and odds ratio were performed in order to investigate the relation between the children's weight and length at birth and the mothers' and children's variables. RESULTS: The girls were heavier at birth than their mothers, with an average increase at birth weight between the generations of 79 g. The child's birth weight <2,500 g did not show any correlation with maternal birth weight <2,500 g (Fisher 0.264; Spearman's Rho 0.048; OR 2.1 and OR lower 0.7) or with maternal stature below the lower quartile (<157 cm) (Chi (2) sig 0.323; with Spearman's Rho 0.036; OR 1.5 and OR lower 0.7). The child's low birth weight (<2,500 g) was lightly correlated with drug use by the mother during pregnancy (Fisher 0.083; Spearman's Rho 0.080; OR 4.9 and OR lower 1.0). The child's birth weight <2,500 g showed increased correlation with gestational age lower than 38 weeks and 3 days (Chi (2) sig 0.002; Spearman's Rho 0.113; OR 3.2 and OR lower 1.5). The child's weight at birth ≥3,500 g showed strong correlation with maternal weight at birth ≥3,500 g (Chi (2) sig 0; Spearman's Rho +0.142; OR 0.5 and OR upper 0.7). It was also revealed that the higher the maternal prepregnancy BMI, the stronger the correlation with child's birth weight ≥3,500 g ((maternal prepregnancy BMI > 25.0 with Chi (2) sig 0.013; Spearman's Rho 0.09; OR 1.54 and OR upper 2.17) and (maternal prepregnancy BMI > 30.0 with Chi (2) sig 0 Spearman's Rho 0.137; OR 2.58 and OR upper 4.26)). The child's length at birth in the lower quartile (≤47.5 cm) showed strong correlation with drug use by the mother during pregnancy (Chi (2) sig 0.004; Spearman's Rho 0.105; OR 4.3 and OR lower 1.5). CONCLUSIONS: The mother's increased weight at birth and the prenatal overweight or obesity were correlated with increased weight and length at birth of the newborn, coupled with the tendency of increasing birth weight between generations of mothers and daughters. Also, descendants with smaller length at birth are the children of women with the lowest statures.

Os recursos humanos de enfermagem da perspectiva da força de trabalho: análise da produção científica / Nursing human resources from the perspective of workforce: an analysis of the scientific production

Trata-se de pesquisa sobre recursos humanos em enfermagem, particularmente na perspectiva da força de trabalho, com os objetivos de identificar a produção científica nacional sobre recursos humanos em enfermagem; analisar, particularmente, as publicações sobre força de trabalho de enfermagem; e elaborar uma série histórica sobre a composição e a distribuição dessa força de trabalho no país. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PeriEnf, DEDALUS, BDENF, PAHO, MS, ADSAUDE, ENSP, FSP, TEXTOC, SIDORH e nos Catálogos do CEPEn, no período de 1958 a 2001. Identificaram-se 469 publicações, 345 (73,6%) com o descritor recursos humanos de enfermagem, 79 (16,8%) e 45 (9,6%) respectivamente com os unitermos força de trabalho de enfermagem (FTE) e mercado de trabalho de enfermagem. Observa-se uma concentração da produção na segunda metade dos anos 80 e toda a década de 90.

The focus of this research is on human resources in nursing, particularly from the perspective of workforce. The objectives are to identify the national scientific production on human resourcesin nursing, analyze particularly those publications about workforce in nursing, and give a historical perspective on thecomposition of nursing workforce and the distribution of nursing workers throughout the country. In this bibliographic research LILACS, PeriEnf, DEDALUS, BDENF, PAHO, MS, ADSAUDE,ENSP, FSP, TEXTOC and SIDORH’s databases were consulted, as well as CEPEn’s catalogues, from 1958 to 2001.469 publications were identified: 345 (73,6%) utilized human resources in nursing as a descriptor, while 79 (16,8%) and 45 (9,6%) utilized, respectively, the keywords nursing workforce (FTE) and nursing work market. There is a higher concentrationof scientific production in the second half of the 80’s and throughout the 90’s.

Este estudio es una investigación sobre recursos humanos en enfermería, particularmente en la perspectivade la fuerza de trabajo, realizado con los objetivos de identificar la producción científica nacional sobre recursos humanos en enfermería; analizar, particularmente, las publicaciones sobrefuerza de trabajo de enfermería; y elaborar una serie histórica sobre la composición y la distribución de esa fuerza de trabajo en el país. La investigación bibliográfica fue realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, PeriEnf,DEDALUS, BDENF, PAHO, MS, ADSAUDE, ENSP, FSP, TEXTOC, SIDORH y en losCatálogos del CEPEn, en el período de 1958 al 2001. Se identificaron 469 publicaciones, 345 (73,6%) con el descriptor recursos humanos de enfermería, 79 (16,8%) y 45 (9,6%) respectivamente con los unitérminosfuerza de trabajo de enfermería (FTE) y mercado de trabajo de enfermería. Se observa una concentración de la producción en la segunda mitad de los años 80 y toda la década del 90.