Oestrus ovis L. (Diptera: Oestridae) Induced Nasal Myiasis in a Dog from Northern Italy.

A companion dog from Milan province (northern Italy), presenting with frequent and violent sneezing, underwent rhinoscopy, laryngoscopy, and tracheoscopy procedures. During rhinoscopy, a dipteran larva was isolated from the dog and identified as first instar larval stage of O. ovis by morphological features. Reports of O. ovis in domestic carnivores are sporadic and nevertheless this infestion should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis of rhinitis in domestic carnivores living in contaminated areas by the fly as consequence of the presence of sheep and goats. This report described a case of autochthonous infestion in a dog from an area where O. ovis was not historically present but it could be affected by a possible expansion of the fly as a consequence of climate change. This is the first record of Oestrus ovis infestion in a dog in Italy and, at the same time, the most northerly finding of larvae of sheep bot fly in the country.

Study of the renal segmental arterial anatomy with contrast-enhanced multi-detector computed tomography.

PURPOSE: To use triphasic multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) to study the renal segmental arterial anatomy and its relationship with the urinary tract to plan nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). METHODS: One hundred and fifty nine patients underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced MDCT. We evaluated renal arteries and parenchymal vasculature. In 61 patients, the arteries and the urinary tract were represented simultaneously. RESULTS: 86.60% presented a single renal artery; 13.4%, multiple arteries. All single renal arteries divided into anterior and posterior branch before the hilum. The anterior artery branched into a superior, middle, and inferior branch. In 43.14%, the inferior artery arose before the others; in 45.75%, the superior artery arose before the others; in 9.80%, the branches shared a common trunk. In 26.80%, the posterior artery supplies the entire posterior surface; in 73.20%, it ends along the inferior calyx. In 96.73%, the upper pole was vascularized by the anterior superior branch and the posterior artery: the "tuning fork". MDCT showed four vascular segments in 96.73% and five in 3.27%. MDCT showed two avascular areas: the first along the projection of the inferior calyx on the posterior aspect, the second between the branches of the "tuning fork". CONCLUSIONS: The arterial phase provides the arterial tree representation; the delayed phase shows arteries and urinary tract simultaneously. MDCT provides a useful representation of the renal anatomy prior to intervascular-intrarenal NSS.

Open intervascular nephron-sparing surgery for pyelocaliceal transitional cell carcinoma in solitary kidney planned with contrast-enhanced multidetector CT.

A 69-year-old man presented with a tumor involving the right renal pelvis and the middle and lower calyces in a solitary kidney. The patient was determined to preserve left renal function. Intervascular nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) was planned. A contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was performed, providing 3-D reconstructions of the renal artery and collecting system in regard to the tumor. Two trunks of the anterior branch of the renal artery directed to the lower and middle parenchymal segments were identified. After dissection of the renal vessels, the anterior branch of the renal artery was identified. The trunks directed to the middle and lower segments were ligated and sected, producing an ischemic area. In cold ischemia, the renal pelvis and the middle and lower segments and calyces were ablated. An anastomosis between the ureter and the upper calyx was performed. Thirty days after surgery, serum creatinine was 3 mg/dl.