Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Fenóis/metabolismo , Administração Oral , Alumínio , Animais , Compostos de Benzil/administração & dosagem , Compostos de Benzil/metabolismo , Bile/metabolismo , Transporte Biológico , Hidroxitolueno Butilado , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Cateterismo , Cromatografia , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Feminino , Masculino , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Compostos de Benzil/metabolismo , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Fenóis/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Alumínio , Animais , Compostos de Benzil/administração & dosagem , Transporte Biológico , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Cromatografia , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Fezes/análise , Feminino , Fígado/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Oxirredução , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Piperidinas/urina , Deficiência de Proteína/urina , Animais , Ácidos Carboxílicos/sangue , Ácidos Carboxílicos/urina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cromatografia Gasosa , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Cromatografia em Papel , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Humanos , Kwashiorkor/sangue , Kwashiorkor/metabolismo , Lisina/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Piperidinas/sangue , RatosAssuntos
Deficiências Nutricionais/fisiopatologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Capacidade de Concentração Renal , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Dieta , Proteínas Alimentares , Humanos , Lactente , Concentração Osmolar , Deficiência de Proteína/fisiopatologia , Uganda , Ureia/biossíntese , Ureia/urina , Urina/análise , Privação de ÁguaAssuntos
Creatinina/urina , Hidroxiprolina/urina , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Puberdade , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
1. Up to one-third of a single oral dose of Ionox 201 was absorbed in rats. 2. In rats dosed with [(14)C]Ionox 201 86.8-97.2% of the label is excreted in the faeces in 24 days (much of this is eliminated in the first 4 days after dosage), 5.6% in the urine and not more than 0.8% in the exhaled air; 5.0% of (14)C is present in the carcass and viscera after removal of the gut, and most of this is in the fatty tissues. 3. About 65.0% of (14)C in the faeces is due to unchanged antioxidant, 30.0% to 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3.5% to unidentified polar constituent(s), 1.4% to 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 0.1% to 3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert.-butyl-4-,4'-stilbenequinone. A variable proportion of (14)C in the urine is due to 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (40-60%) and the remainder (60-40%) to the ester glucuronide, when the animals were treated with different doses of antioxidant. In eight individual animals dosed with 6.78mg. of [(14)C]Ionox 201, one-third of (14)C in the bile is due to the free acid, 45% to the ester glucuronide, 20% to an unidentified constituent and 2% to unchanged antioxidant, and, in two animals dosed with 13.56mg., there is a small proportion of free acid and a larger proportion of ester glucuronide. About 80% of (14)C in the body fat is due to unchanged antioxidant, 19% to the free acid and 1% to 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. 4. At least 36.2% of a single oral dose of Ionox 201 is metabolized: 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid accounts for 30.2% of a dose, (3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl beta-d-glucopyranosid)uronic acid for 1.4%, 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde for 1.3%, 3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert.-butyl-4,4'-stilbenequinone for 0.1% and unidentified polar metabolite(s) for 3.2%. 5. The metabolism of Ionox 201 in vivo is closely related to its antioxidant action in vitro.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Fenóis/metabolismo , Aldeídos/urina , Animais , Benzoatos/urina , Isótopos de Carbono , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Fezes , Feminino , Absorção Intestinal , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
1. A large proportion of a single oral dose of [(14)C]Ionox 220 to rats is eliminated in 24 days: 89.3-97.4% of the label is excreted in the faeces (much of this is eliminated in the first 4 days after dosage), 1% in the urine and less than 0.1% in the expired gases; 4.06% of (14)C is present in the carcass and viscera after removal of the gut, and most of this is in the fatty tissues. 2. About 87% of (14)C in the faeces is due to unchanged antioxidant, 5% to the quinone methide, 5% to the free acid and 3% to an unidentified polar constituent. Three-fifths of (14)C in the urine is due to 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid and the remainder to the ester glucuronide. In three individual animals, one-half of (14)C in the bile is due to the free acid, one-quarter to the ester glucuronide and the remainder to unchanged antioxidant, whereas in another all of (14)C in the bile is due to Ionox 220. About 97% of (14)C in the body fat is due to unchanged antioxidant and the remainder to the free acid. 3. Up to 20% of a single oral dose of Ionox 220 is absorbed in rats: 13-14% is metabolized. 3,5-Di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid accounts for just over 5% of a dose of Ionox 220, 3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid for less than 0.4%, the quinone methide for just over 5% and an unidentified compound for less than 3%. 4. The physiological and biochemical implications of ingesting Ionox 220 are discussed.
