RESUMO
To investigate the influence of ovarian hormones on energy regulation, twenty-six normal weight, noneating disordered women recorded their food consumption, exercise, and eating patterns over one menstrual cycle. Serum levels of ovarian hormones were measured to determine three menstrual cycle phases, namely perimenstrual, follicular/ovulatory, and luteal. Energy intake increased 685.9 kJ/day (p < 0.05) from the follicular/ovulatory to the luteal phase. The percent of energy intake as protein and carbohydrate was relatively constant over the three menstrual cycle phases, but the intake from fat increased 2% (p < 0.05) during the luteal phase, representing a 9.2 g/day increment. Variations in energy and fat intake over the menstrual cycle were not attributable to differences in energy expenditure through exercise or dietary restraint, and appear to be related to changes in the estrogen/progesterone ratio.
Assuntos
Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Apetite/fisiologia , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Gorduras na Dieta/metabolismo , Estrogênios/sangue , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Feminino , Preferências Alimentares/fisiologia , Humanos , Progesterona/sangue , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
The behavioral assessment and treatment of five patients with postprandial symptoms of regurgitation and "rumination" illustrate the contribution of behavior therapy to alleviating postprandial distress. They also suggest that psychological/behavioral factors may influence the development and course of some gastrointestinal disorders.
Assuntos
Ingestão de Alimentos , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Condicionamento Psicológico , Feminino , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
In the present investigation, the scores of bulimic women on the Restraint, Social Desirability, and Lie scales were compared with the scores of obese dieters, obese nondieters, and nondieters whose weights were within normal limits. Bulimics attained significantly higher restraint scores than obese nondieters and normals. These results are discussed within the context of models of bulimia nervosa.
Assuntos
Bulimia/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Enganação , Dieta Redutora , Medo , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/psicologia , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Psicometria , Desejabilidade SocialRESUMO
Experimental procedures designed to modify an hypothesized pain detection threshold were arranged to test the notion that to describe a painful experience publicly results in subsequent increased detection of similar pain. First, subjects were pre-tested on their ability to detect and tolerate cold pressor pain. While waiting for a second test, half of the subjects were engaged in conversation by a confederate to whom the subject described his/her impressions of the pre-test. The other half waited in silence for the second test. Results showed that, relative to those who did not describe pain, subjects who publicly described the pain experience had low pain thresholds on the post-test, tolerated the pain less long and reported engaging in a greater number of thoughts indicating that the pain started sooner and was more intense on the post-test. Possible mechanisms to explain this effect are discussed, clinical implications are presented and directions for future research on the same process are outlined.
