RESUMO
We describe an acute febrile respiratory infection outbreak in a military unit in Trujillo, Peru. Cases were identified using the influenza like illness (ILI) definition of the Ministry of Health. Nasal swab samples used for a rapid influenza test (RIT) and pharyngeal swab samples for viral isolation were taken. For influenza A, genotyping of a partial sequence of the hemagglutinin region was performed. The rate attack was 82.9%. Fifty-nine cases appeared between April 1 and 8, 2008; 58 came from the military unit (MU) #1 and one from the MU #2. The RIT identified 40 cases of influenza A and 43 cases were confirmed through cell culture. Isolations were genetically similar to the A H1N1 Brisbane strain. Early detection of outbreaks in confined locations such as military bases permits immediate action in preventing disease propagation.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Militares , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Se describe un brote de infección respiratoria febril aguda en una unidad militar de Trujillo, Perú. Se usó la definición de caso de síndrome gripal del Ministerio de Salud, se tomo hisopado nasal para prueba rápida de influenza (PRI) e hisopado faríngeo para aislamiento viral en cultivo celular. La genotipificación de influenza A fue por secuenciamiento genético de una región del gen de hemaglutinina teniendo como base vacunal de 2008. Se presentaron 59 casos entre el 01 y 08 de abril de 2008, la tasa de ataque fue de 82,9 por ciento. La PRI identificó a 40 casos positivos de influenza A y 43 casos fueron confirmados mediante cultivo celular. Los aislamiento fueron genéticamente similares con la cepa A H1N1 Brisbane. La detección precoz de un brote en lugares cerrados como las bases militares permite actuar de manera inmediata para prevenir su diseminación.
We describe an acute febrile respiratory infection outbreak in a military unit in Trujillo, Peru. Cases were identified using the influenza like illness (ILI) definition of the Ministry of Health. Nasal swab samples used for a rapid influenza test (RIT) and pharyngeal swab samples for viral isolation were taken. For influenza A, genotyping of a partial sequence of the hemagglutinin region was performed. The rate attack was 82.9 percent. Fifty-nine cases appeared between April 1 and 8, 2008; 58 came from the military unit (MU) number1 and one from the MU number2. The RIT identified 40 cases of influenza A and 43 cases were confirmed through cell culture. Isolations were genetically similar to the A H1N1 Brisbane strain. Early detection of outbreaks in confined locations such as military bases permits immediate action in preventing disease propagation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Surtos de Doenças , Influenza Humana , Militares , PeruRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We describe the temporal variation in viral agents detected in influenza like illness (ILI) patients before and after the appearance of the ongoing pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) in Peru between 4-January and 13-July 2009. METHODS: At the health centers, one oropharyngeal swab was obtained for viral isolation. From epidemiological week (EW) 1 to 18, at the US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment (NMRCD) in Lima, the specimens were inoculated into four cell lines for virus isolation. In addition, from EW 19 to 28, the specimens were also analyzed by real time-polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR). RESULTS: We enrolled 2,872 patients: 1,422 cases before the appearance of the pH1N1 virus, and 1,450 during the pandemic. Non-pH1N1 influenza A virus was the predominant viral strain circulating in Peru through (EW) 18, representing 57.8% of the confirmed cases; however, this predominance shifted to pH1N1 (51.5%) from EW 19-28. During this study period, most of pH1N1 cases were diagnosed in the capital city (Lima) followed by other cities including Cusco and Trujillo. In contrast, novel influenza cases were essentially absent in the tropical rain forest (jungle) cities during our study period. The city of Iquitos (Jungle) had the highest number of influenza B cases and only one pH1N1 case. CONCLUSIONS: The viral distribution in Peru changed upon the introduction of the pH1N1 virus compared to previous months. Although influenza A viruses continue to be the predominant viral pathogen, the pH1N1 virus predominated over the other influenza A viruses.
