RESUMO
Resumen El síndrome de Prader-Willi en un trastorno multisistémico; se caracteriza en la infancia por hipotonía, dificultades para la alimentación, retraso en el desarrollo e hipoplasia genital. En la adolescencia y edad adulta, la problemática se centra en las alteraciones del comportamiento, la ausencia de saciedad y el retraso mental leve o moderado. Su diagnóstico temprano requiere una alta sospecha clínica y estudios especiales (estudios de metilación e hibridación fluorescente in situ). La detección temprana se realiza con el fin de disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad de los pacientes. Existe una clara necesidad de un enfoque multidisciplinario para facilitar el diagnóstico temprano y optimizar el manejo y tratamiento para mejorar la calidad de vida. Se presentan seis casos de SPW que tienen seguimiento en la Unidad de Especialidades Médicas a fin de conocer la prevalencia del SPW, ya que en la actualidad no se cuenta con ningún registro que la documente.
Abstract Prader-Willi syndrome in a multisystem disorder; it is characterized in childhood by hypotonia, feeding difficulties, developmental delay and genital hypoplasia. In adolescence and adulthood, the problem focuses on behavioral changes, the absence of satiety and mild or moderate mental retardation. Its early diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion and special studies (methylation studies and fluorescent in situ hybridization). An early detection reduces the morbidity and mortality of patients. There is a clear need for a multidisciplinary approach to facilitate early diagnosis and optimize management and treatment to improve quality of life. There are six cases of SPW that are followed in the Medical Specialties Unit; we report them in order to know the prevalence of PWS, since at present there is no record documenting it.
RESUMO
The reduction of the gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) larvae population in faeces of cattle treated with Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores on a farm under an organic production system in Chiapas, Mexico, was assessed. Seventeen Cebu/Swiss crossbreed grazing calves naturally infected with GIN, were randomly distributed into two groups and treated as follows: Group 1, an oral administration of 2 × 106D. flagrans chlamydospores/kg BW, every two days for 30 days; group 2, Control, without any treatment. Results indicated that the epg values in both groups remained similar (p > 0.05). The average number of (L3) from coprocultures from the group treated with D. flagrans had an important reduction (53.8%) with respect to the control group and it reached 75.3% maximum larval reduction at the 14th sampling; although, no statistic significance was observed (p > 0.05). Likewise, the average of larvae (L3) recovered from grass corresponding to the animals treated with D. flagrans diminished at 25.1% with respect to the control group (p > 0.05). A mixture of GIN genera including Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Cooperia sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Oesophagostomum sp. and Mecistocirrus sp., were identified from coprocultures. It was concluded that treatment with D. flagrans chlamydospores reduces the GIN larvae population in grass and in faeces of calves maintained under an organic milk production system.
