The NANC relaxation of the human ileal longitudinal and circular muscles is inhibited by MRS 2179, a P2 purinoceptor antagonist.

AIMS: Functional innervation of the human small intestine may be different from that of experimental animals. These experiments set out to assess the mediating roles of P(2) purinoceptors in the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation of the human ileum longitudinal and circular muscles. MAIN METHODS: In organ bath experiments NANC relaxations were evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS). The relaxant effects of ATP and sodium nitroprusside were also examined. KEY FINDINGS: In the longitudinal muscle, relaxation in response to EFS (2 or 10 Hz for 30 s) or the relaxant effect of exogenous ATP were strongly inhibited or abolished, respectively, by the P(2) purinoceptor antagonist MRS 2179 (10 microM). MRS 2179 had a smaller effect at 3 microM. The NANC relaxation was also inhibited by apamin (3 microM), but not by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (100 microM), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. Both apamin (3 microM) and MRS 2179 (3 microM, a concentration below the effective range if administered alone) strongly inhibited the NANC response in preparations pretreated with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. NANC relaxations of the circular muscle were also inhibited by MRS 2179 (3-10 microM). SIGNIFICANCE: MRS 2179-sensitive P(2) purinoceptors play a mediating role the NANC relaxation in the ileal longitudinal and circular muscle. There seems to be a supra-additive relationship between the purinergic and nitrergic mechanisms in the longitudinal muscle.

Oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression changes in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with colorectal cancer.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The mortality of colorectal cancer continues to stagnate despite the development of new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, identifying high-risk population groups could contribute to the prevention of a considerable part of deaths caused by colorectal tumors. METHODS: Fifty patients with colon cancer and 50 patients with other, nonmalignant diseases were selected for the study. Expression of the c-myc, Ha-ras and p53 genes was determined in the peripheral leukocytes of the participants. RESULTS: Marked elevations of the expression of all three investigated genes were seen in the colon cancer patients when compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigations showed that increases in the expression of c-myc, Ha-ras and p53 genes can be demonstrated in the peripheral leukocytes of colon cancer patients. By applying our method to clinical investigations, individuals with a high risk of having developed colon cancer may be identified and early diagnosis may be established.

Purinergic nerves mediate the non-nitrergic relaxation of the human ileum in response to electrical field stimulation.

There has been no direct functional evidence for a purinergic innervation of the human intestinal muscle. In the present study, the relaxant effects of electrical field stimulation (1 or 10 Hz for 20s), ATP, and isoprenaline were studied in organ bath experiments on precontracted circular muscle strips of the human ileum. Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxations in response to electrical field stimulation in the presence of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor were significantly reduced by the P(2) purinoceptor antagonists pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS; 50 microM) or suramin (100 microM). A combination of the two antagonists yielded an approximately 70% inhibition at 1 Hz. The relaxant effect of exogenous ATP, but not that of isoprenaline, was inhibited by PPADS+suramin. It is concluded that purinergic nerves (through P(2) purinoceptors) play a mediating role in the non-nitrergic relaxation in the human ileum.

[Hernia surgery in Hungary today--effect of the Lichtenstein-study]. / Sérvsebészet hazánkban ma - a Lichtenstein-tanulmány hatása.

Based on extensive randomized, multicenter studies, the recent trend in inguinal hernia surgery has been towards using a mesh-based tension-free repair, and Lichtenstein method is considered to be the procedure of choice. Based on above mentioned concern a prospective, multicenter study was conducted. In 15 centers, between March of 1999 and 2000, 1434 patients were included in this trial. Lichtenstein hernia repair was associated with less postoperative pain, lower complications rate,faster recovery, and lower recurrence rate compared with suture repair made under tension. Both the attitude and practice has been changed thoroughly in Hungary and the Bassini repair seems to be replaced by the Lichtenstein procedure. Mesh implantation increased from 1% (1998) to 34% (2005). The study has largely contributed to the national spread of this operation and has doubtlessly verified the advantage of data processing through the internet.

[The results of Lichtenstein operation for groin hernias--prospective multicenter study]. / Lágyéksérvek Lichtenstein mutéttel történo megoldásának eredményei. Prospektív multicentrikus tanulmány.

UNLABELLED: Authors describe the short and long term results of a prospective multicentric Lichtenstein-trial started in March 1999. For the first time in our country, the exchange of information between the participating institutes has been arranged via Internet. 1434 patients were admitted for primary hernia repair and included in the trial. However, only 714 (49.8 per cent) have attended at the last follow-up control 4 years after surgery. Premilene and Prolene meshes were used in the course of Lichtenstein's tension-free procedure. RESULTS: Wound suppuration occurred only in a very small number of the patients (0.76 per cent) and there was merely one occasion when the mesh implant had to be removed because of sepsis. The intensity of postoperative pain and demand for analgesics was very low. During the follow-up period of 4 years 16 recurrent hernias were diagnosed (2.4 per cent). A hydrocele developed in 8 patients (0.5 per cent) while necrosis of the testicle was found in 4 patients (0.27 per cent). We realised that both the attitude and practice of the institutes participating in the study has changed thoroughly and the Bassini-repair seems to be replaced by the Lichtenstein procedure in these surgical departments. CONCLUSION: The study has reached its objective in more aspects: First it helped to achieve a significant reduction in recurrence rates and it also has shown that there is no increase in wound suppuration. The great number of surgeons performing this kind of inguinal hernia repair and their good results also indicate that this operation in less depending on surgical skills and practice than the Bassini-repair. The study has largely contributed to the national spread of this operation and has doubtlessly verified the advantage of information and data processing through the Internet, ie. a prompt and correct evaluation of the data recorded