Seroinfection of Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Parvovirus B19, Treponema pallidum, and HIV in a Pregnant Attending a Medical Center in Northern Peru.

Introduction: Transplacental infections are frequent, especially in developing countries, where limited screening is performed to find infectious agents in the pregnant population. We aim to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and seroinfection of antibodies against Toxoplasma, parvovirus B19, T. pallidum, and HIV in pregnant women who attended the Motupe Health Center in Lambayeque, Peru during July-August 2018. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 179 pregnant women interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. ELISA was used to determine antibodies to Toxoplasma and parvovirus B19. The detection of syphilis and HIV was conducted using immunochromatography, while the detection of hepatitis B was conducted using FTA-ABS and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results: Of 179 pregnant women, syphilis and HIV infections routinely included in the screening of pregnant women presented a seroinfection of 2.2 and 0.6%, respectively. Toxoplasmosis seroinfection was 25.1%, while IgM antiparvovirus B19 was 40.8%, revealing that pregnant women had an active infection at the time of study. Conclusion: The level of seroinfection of toxoplasmosis reveals the risk to which pregnant women who participated in the study are exposed. The high seroinfection of parvovirus B19 could explain the cases of spontaneous abortion and levels of anemia in newborn that have been reported in Motupe, Lambayeque, Peru. However, future causality studies are necessary to determine the significance of these findings.

Portadores de bacterias multirresistentes de importancia clínica en áreas críticas (UCI-UCIN) de un hospital al norte del Perú

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de portadores de bacterias multirresistentes (BMR) y su perfil de resistencia en áreas críticas (UCI-UCIN) de un hospital público al norte del Perú (HRL). Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal durante febrero - mayo 2015 en 48 pacientes y 32 personales de salud. Se consideraron 4 regiones anatómicas para el muestreo y emplearon medios suplementados con antibióticos para el aislamiento primario de BMR. El fenotipo de resistencia fue confirmado por los test de Jarlier, Hodge modificado y susceptibilidad a cefoxitin. Resultados: La frecuencia de portadores de BMR en pacientes y personal asistencial fue del 79,1% y 3,1% respectivamente, además el 89,5% de pacientes ya eran portadores al momento de la admisión procedentes principalmente del servicio de emergencia, siendo la región ano-rectal la principal fuente de aislamientos con 75,0%. Así mismo se determinó que la producción de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) fue el principal fenotipo de resistencia con 77,65%, seguido de la producción de carbapenemasas y meticilino resistencia con 14.2% y 8.24% respectivamente. Conclusiones: Este estudio revela la alta frecuencia de portadores de bacterias multirresistentes en pacientes de áreas críticas del HRL y que la mayoría de estos ingresan ya colonizados principalmente en la región ano-rectal

Objective: To determine the frequency of multiresistant bacteria Carriers (BM) and its profile of resistance in critical areas (ICU-INCU) in a public hospital in northern Peru (HRL). Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted during February to May 2015, in 48 patients and 32 healthcare staff. 4 anatomical regions for sampling were considered and supplemented instruments with antibiotics were used for primary isolation of BM. The resistance phenotype was confirmed by Jailer's test, Modified Hodge and susceptibility to cefoxitin. Results: The frequencies of BM in patients and healthcare staff were 79.1% and 3.1% respectively; also 89.5% of patients were already carriers at the time of admission mainly from Emergency Service, being anorectal region the principal source of isolates with 75.0%. It also was determined that production of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was the principal resistance phenotype with 77.65%, followed by the production of carbapenemases and methicillin resistance with 14.2% and 8.24% respectively. Conclusions: This study reveals the high frequency of multiresistant bacteria carriers in patients in critical areas of HRL and that most of these already were colonized in the anorectal region