RESUMO
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females in terms of both incidence and mortality. Underlying the high mortality rate is the presence of cancer stem cells, which divide indefinitely and are resistant to conventional chemotherapies, so causing tumor relapse. In the present study, we identify miR-216a-5p as a downregulated microRNA in breast cancer stem cells vs. the differentiated counterpart. We demonstrate that overexpression of miR-216a-5p impairs stemness markers, mammosphere formation, ALDH activity, and the level of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays a significant role in breast cancer progression and metastasis by leading to the release of pro-inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6). Indeed, miR-216a regulates the crosstalk between cancer cells and the cells of the microenvironment, in particular cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), through regulation of the TLR4/IL6 pathway. Thus, miR-216a has an important role in the regulation of stem phenotype, decreasing stem-like properties and affecting the cross-talk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral/fisiologia , Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Progressão da Doença , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Inflamação/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , Metástase Neoplásica , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismoRESUMO
Squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a pilonidal sinus is a rare occasion. Authors report the case of a 60 years old male, with a 15 years history of recurrent pilonidal sinus disease. The patient underwent incisional biopsy, staging with total body CT, and finally radical surgery. The large wound healed by secondary intention, with a complete formation of the scar in three months. After six months, no complications or signs of recurrence were observed. Authors recommend careful inspection of the pilonidal area in all chronic and longstanding inflammatory lesions to identify promptly malignant transformation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/complicações , Seio Pilonidal/complicações , Neoplasias Cutâneas/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic histiocytosis (HPS) is an idiopathic, familial or secondary syndrome characterized by mature histiocytes causing intensive erythrophagocytosis. CASE: A 2-month-old male suffering from autoimmune hemolytic anemia, fever, jaundice and hepatosplenomegalia underwent fine needle aspiration cytology of the spleen. Aspiration was performed using a 23-gauge, short needle with a subcostal approach. The smear showed a monomorphous cell population of mature histiocytes with marginal nuclei and wide, well-defined cytoplasm. The cytoplasm was microvaculated and often contained > or = 1 erythrocytes and occasional lymphocytes. Immunostaining performed on cytospin samples showed diffuse positivity for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and S-100. Differential diagnosis with malignant histiocytosis, Langerhans histiocytosis and sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy was established. HPS was diagnosed because of the cytologic and immunocytochemical features and clinical data. CONCLUSION: HPS may be diagnosed using fine needle aspiration of the spleen when other biopsy samples have been unsuccessful. Cytologic, diagnosis of HPS should always be considered in a specific clinical setting, because early treatment can often save the patient's life.
