[Importance of PSA velocity and PSA density in the prediction of prostate cancer in TURP or open prostatectomy specimen of patients with previous negative prostate biopsy]. / Importancia de la velocidad y la densidad de PSA en la predicción de cáncer de próstata en la pieza de RTU o adenomectomía de pacientes con biopsia prostática previa negativa.

PURPOSE: To determine variables related to the finding of prostate cancer (PC) in patients who underwent surgery following at least one negative prostate biopsy (PB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 170 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or open prostatectomy between 1999 and 2007, following one or more negative PB sets. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to determine variables related to the finding of PC. The predictive capacity of PSA, PSA-density and PSA-velocity was assessed by means of ROC curves and the area under the curve (AUC). Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were determined for several PSA-density and PSA-velocity cut-off points. RESULTS: Open prostatectomy was carried out on 104 patients (61.18%) and TURP on 66 (38.82%). PC was detected in the surgical specimen of 16 patients (9.41%). Variables associated with the finding of PC in the surgical specimen were PSA-density (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.22-6.64; p: 0.007) and PSA-velocity (OR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.60-5.12: p < 0.001). The AUCs were 0.746, 0.793 and 0.832, for PSA, PSA-density and PSA-velocity, respectively. The most sensitive PSA-density and PSA-velocity cut-off points in detecting PC were 0.15 and 1 ng/ml/year, respectively. Patients without PC showed a median PSA reduction of 9.35 ng/ml (-2.40 - 35.40), following surgery. CONCLUSIONS: PSA-density and PSA-velocity in particular, allow for the prediction of the presence of PC in the TURP or open prostatectomy specimen of patients with previously negative PBs. Diagnostic TURP could prove useful in patients with clinical suspicion of PC, susceptible to curative treatment, with PSA-velocity > 1l ng/ml/year and one or more negative saturation biopsies.

Rotura yatrógena de uréter secundaria a litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque / Iatrogenic rupture of the ureter following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

La litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque es el tratamiento de elección de la mayoría de los cálculos urinarios, estimándose que sólo en el 5% de los casos es necesario recurrir a técnicas de cirugía abierta. Las complicaciones derivadas de esta técnica son, en la mayoría de los casos, leves, transitorias y con escasa repercusión clínica, observándose sólo en casos aislados lesiones urológicas o extraurológicas de gravedad. Dichas complicaciones se producen bien por la propia acción del cálculo o sus fragmentos, o bien por la acción de las ondas de choque. Presentamos un caso de rotura ureteral secundaria al tratamiento de un cálculo ureteral mediante litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque, que derivó en un absceso retroperitoneal periureteral, y fue tratado mediante nefroureterectomía

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is the treatment of choice in most cases of urinary calculi, with the estimation that open surgery is only necessary in 5% of all cases. In most cases, the complications derived from this technique are slight, transitory and of little clinical importance, with isolated cases of serious urological or extraurological injury. These complications are either caused by the action of the stone itself or its fragments, or by the action of shock waves. We present a case of ureteral rupture following treatment of a ureteral calculus using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy which led to a periureteral retroperitoneal abscess that was treated by nephroureterectomy