Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile.

Eupsophus migueli is considered a microendemic endangered species inhabiting the temperate Nothofagus forests of the Mahuidanche Range of southern Chile. However, this categorization is based on scarce data about its distribution and natural history. In order to assess these parameters, this article reports new geographic records obtained through intensive fieldwork between 2011 and 2016. Considering this, an updated distribution map for E. migueli is proposed, and new data about natural history traits and habitat use are provided. The information obtained in this study is discussed considering the zoogeographical importance of E. migueli, and confirms the species IUCN conservation status.

ResumenEupsophus migueli está considerada como una especie microendémica en peligro de extinción que habita los bosques templados de Nothofagus de la Cordillera de Mahuidanche, sur de Chile. Sin embargo, esta categorización está basada en poca información acerca de su distribución e historia natural. Con el fin de evaluar ambos parámetros, en este artículo se reportan nuevos registros geográficos, obtenidos de manera intensiva entre los años 2011 y 2016. De esta forma, se propone un mapa de distribución actualizado para E. migueli, y se presentan nuevos datos sobre los rasgos de historia natural y sobre el uso del hábitat. Los nuevos antecedentes se discuten en referencia a la importancia zoogeográfica de E. migueli, y reafirman su categoría de conservación.

Cytogenetic analysis of four species of the genus Alsodes (Anura: Leptodactylidae) with comments about the karyological evolution of the genus.

A comparative cytogenetic analysis of Alsodes pehuenche, A. vanzolinii, A. verrucosus and A. aff. vittatus show that all four species share the same diploid number 2n = 26; the fundamental number is 50 in A. vanzolinii and 52 in A. aff. vittatus, A. pehuenche and A. verrucosus. The karyotypes of A. pehuenche and A. aff. vittatus are described for the first time; the C-band patterns, the NOR locations and Q-band patterns are also described for the first time for the four species. C-band patterns are species specific and useful to identify the taxa. The usefulness of the chromosomal data in taxonomy and systematics of Alsodes species is discussed. Transformation of euchromatin into heterochromatin and centric fissions and translocations are proposed as the main mechanisms that govern the chromosomal evolution of the frog genus Alsodes.