Recent advances in luminescence and aptamer sensors based analytical determination, adsorptive removal, degradation of the tetracycline antibiotics, an overview and outlook.

Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), one of the important antibiotic groups, have been widely used in human and veterinary medicines. Their residues in foodstuff, soil and sewage have caused serious threats to food safety, ecological environment and human health. Here, we reviewed the potential harms of TCs residues to foodstuff, environment and human beings, discussed the luminescence and aptamer sensors based analytical determination, adsorptive removal, and degradation strategies of TCs residues from a recent 5-year period. The advantages and intrinsic limitations of these strategies have been compared and discussed, the potential challenges and opportunities in TCs residues degradation have also been deliberated and explored.

Effects of Acupuncture on Functional Connectivity Changes of What Visual Pathway in the Brain in Children with Monocular Refractive Amblyopia / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of acupuncture intervention for children with monocular refractive-parallax amblyopia and the possible mechanisms of brain function based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance （rs-fMRI）. MethodsSeventy-six children with anisometropic amblyopia were randomly divided into routine treatment group （38 cases） and acupuncture treatment group （38 cases）. In the conventional group， the children were given three regular treatments of red flash， grating and visual stimulation for 5 mins each time； in the acupuncture group， on the basis of the conventional treatment， the children were given acupuncture for 20 mins each time on bilateral Jingming （BL 1）， Cuanzhu （BL 2）， Guangming （GB 37） and Fengchi （GB 20）； the children in both groups were treated once every other day and three times a week for 4 weeks. The corrected visual acuity was compared between groups before and after treatment. Fifteen children with left-sided refractive amblyopia were randomly selected from each of the above two groups and underwent brain rs-fMRI scans before and after treatment， and 10 healthy children with normal visual acuity of the matched gender and age were included in the normal group and underwent brain rs-fMRI scans. Based on the activation likelihood estimation （ALE） method， we constructed the what visual pathway network， and compared and analyzed the spherical regions of interest （ROIs） of the children with normal children， and both groups of children with differences in functional connectivity （FC values） within the what pathway in the brain before and after treatment. ResultsTwo cases dropout in the acupuncture group， and finally 36 cases in the acupuncture group and 38 cases in the conventional group were included in the analysis. Compared with before treatment， the best corrected visual acuity of amblyopia in both groups was significantly improved after treatment （P＜0.05）， and the improvement of vision in the acupuncture group was significantly better than that in the conventional group （P＜0.05）. The results of rs-fMRI showed that the FC values of the primary optic cortex and the right fusiform gyrus， the left lingual gyrus and the right fusiform gyrus， and the right infraoccipital gyrus and the right middle temporal gyrus were significantly elevated in the brain of the refractive amblyopia children with the whitepathic amblyopia， compared with that of the normal children （P＜0.05）. The FC values of the left lingual gyrus， the right suboccipital gyrus with the right fusiform gyrus， the left lingual gyrus with the right middle temporal gyrus， the right and left lateral middle occipital gyrus， and the right and left lateral middle occipital gyrus with the right suboccipital gyrus were significantly （P＜0.05） lower in the conventional group compared with those in the conventional group before treatment. Compared with that before acupuncture treatment， the FC values of the right lingual gyrus and the right fusiform gyrus， the primary visual cortex and the right middle temporal gyrus increased significantly after acupuncture treatment （P＜0.05）， and the FC values of the left inferior occipital gyrus and the right middle temporal gyrus， the FC values of the left lingual gyrus and the right middle occipital gyrus decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared between groups after treatment， the FC between the left suboccipital gyrus and the right fusiform gyrus in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group （P＜0.05）， and the FC between the left middle occipital gyrus and the right and left suboccipital gyrus was significantly lower than that in the conventional group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionAcupuncture can significantly improve the corrected vision of anisometropic amblyopic children， and its effect mechanism may focus on regulating the occipito-temporal interlobular functional connectivity within the what pathway， thus improving the children's visual function of shape and color vision and visual learning and memory ability.

MFN1 ubiquitination mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis in Raw264.7 mouse macrophages / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects of mitofusin 1 (MFN1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 mouse macrophages pyroptosis and to provide reference for further study on the prevention of inflammation and fibrosis caused by macrophage dysfunction.Methods:Raw264.7 mouse macrophages were cultured in vitro and used to construct a model of LPS-induced pyroptosis. CCK-8 staining, PI staining, LDH release assay and Western blot were used to verify the Raw264.7 pyroptosis induced by LPS. MFN1 expression was detected by Western blot. DCFH-DA probe was used to detect the synthesis of total reactive oxygen species (ROS); Mito-SOX was used to detect mitochondrial ROS; JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by fluorescence probe to reflect mitochondrial damage. Based on Ubibrowser database, it was predicted that MFN1 could bind to a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Then, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) were used to analyze MFN1 ubiquitination. An overexpression plasmid for MFN1 was constructed and transfected into Raw264.7 cells to detect the changes in pyroptosis and mitochondrial function. Results:LPS could induce the pyroptosis of Raw264.7 cells and mitochondrial dysfunction. MFN1 expression was decreased after LPS stimulation. Ubiquitinated MFN1 was detected by CO-IP. Ubiquitination inhibitor MG-132 inhibited LPS-induced expression of pyroptosis-related proteins including NLRP3, Pro-caspase-1, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 and improved mitochondrial function. MFN1 overexpression relieved the mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis of Raw264.7 cells induced by LPS.Conclusions:The ubiquitination of MFN1 induced by LPS was involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and macrophage pyroptosis, suggesting that MFN1 was a potential target for the treatment of macrophage-induced inflammation and related diseases.

Whole transcriptome analysis and critical gene regulatory network analysis during Schistosoma japonicum infection and praziquantel treatment in mice / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) interactions and identify the critical gene regulatory network during Schistosoma japonicum infections and praziquantel treatment using whole transcriptome sequencing. Methods A total of 110 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group, the infection group and the treatment group. Mice in the infection treatment and the control group were infected with S. japonicum cercariae via the abdomen, and liver specimens were sampled from 10 mice 3, 6, 8 weeks post-infection. Praziquantel treatment was given to mice in the treatment group 8 weeks post-infection, and liver specimens were sampled from 10 mice 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks post-treatment. Total RNA was isolated from mouse liver specimens, and the transcriptome library was constructed for highthroughput whole transcriptome sequencing. The significant differentially expressed genes were subjected to functional annotations, Gene Ontology (GO) terms enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Correlation analysis of liver specimens was performed using R Corrplot and Himsc functions, and the lncRNAmiRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis was performed using R MixOmics and Himsc functions. Results There were 1 176 differentially expressed miRNAs, 5 270 differentially expressed mRNAs, and 2 682 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the infection group and the control group, 1 289 differentially expressed miRNAs, 7 differentially expressed mRNAs, and 69 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the treatment group and the infection group, and 1 210 differentially expressed miRNAs, 4 456 differentially expressed mRNAs, and 2 016 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the treatment group and the control group. Correlation analysis showed a higher correlation of gene expression between the treatment group and the control group. Principal component analysis showed obvious separate clustering between the infection group and the treatment group. The differentially expressed genes with significant relevance were significantly enriched in 24 GO terms, including arachidonic acid metabolic process, xenobiotic catabolic process, unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process, xenobiotic metabolic process, long-chain fatty acid metabolic process, and 8 KEGG metabolic pathways, including cholesterol metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism, and steroid hormone biometabolism. Conclusions There were 23 mRNAs including Cyp2b9 and 14 lncRNAs including Rmrpr in the core position of the gene regulatory network, which may play a critical role in S. japonicum infections and praziquantel treatment, and 9 miRNAs including miR-8105 may serve as potential molecular markers for diagnosis of S. japonicum infections.

Progress in the mechanism of acupuncture intervention on pain emotion and pain cognition mediated by limbic system / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Pain is a complex physiological and psychological activity, involving at least three dimensions, including pain sensation, pain emotion, and pain cognition. Acupuncture can clearly relieve the pain sensation of patients and improve pain emotion and pain cognition induced by pain; acupuncture participates in the multi-dimensional regulation of pain through brain regions of the limbic system such as anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala (AMY), and hippocampus. By analyzing relevant literature, it has been found that the regulation of acupuncture on pain emotion is mainly related to the activation of pertinent opioid receptors in the ACC, the decrease of the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and the promotion of the expression of glutamic acid (Glu) A1, metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 (mGluR1), and γ-aminobutyric acid aminobutyric acid (GABA) B2 protein in the AMY. The regulation of acupuncture on pain cognition is mainly related to the elevation of the expression of protein kinase A (PKA) and phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (phospho-p38 MAPK) and the inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/PKA/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in the ACC.

Investigation and Suggestions on Factors Affecting Quality of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi) in Some Post-harvest Processes / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the factors affecting the quality of post-harvest Angelicae Dahuricae Radix （Baizhi） and to provide the corresponding suggestions according to these factors. Method:A series of factors affecting the quality of Baizhi were analyzed comprehensively by visiting several origins， medicinal material markets， pharmacies， supermarkets and storehouses combined with plenty of literature reports. Result:The rot of Baizhi was the most common phenomenon after harvest， and mildew， discoloration and moth could occur during the processes of processing， storage and packaging. So the quality of Baizhi should be controlled strictly through the whole process. The roots of Baizhi should be harvested on sunny days to avoid mining damage and dried as soon as possible to prevent rotting. The drying methods included both traditional lime burial and modern ways such as sulfur fumigation， saline dehydration， sun drying method， and oven drying method. However， the water content should be strictly controlled. Furthermore， the storehouses should be disinfected firstly. The temperature and humidity of the storehouses should be controlled strictly. Some suitable ways could be adopted to prevent moth and discoloration during storage， which included airtight fumigation of aluminum phosphide， cold storage， air conditioning maintenance， antagonism storage with other Chinese medicinal materials， dry ice storage at room temperature， etc. Large quantities of Baizhi were generally packaged in woven bags. Otherwise， kraft paper bags， polyvinyl chloride plastic bags， glass bottles， aluminum foil composite film bags， and other packaging materials had been adopted for the retail. However， the packaging specification should be selected according to the situation. Conclusion:The quality of Baizhi can be directly affected by harvesting， drying， processing， storage and packaging. Scientific and reasonable methods should be adopted to ensure the quality of Baizhi.

Role of 15-lipoxygenase/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension / 生理学报

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with a complex aetiology characterized by elevated pulmonary artery resistance, which leads to progressive right ventricular failure and ultimately death. The aberrant metabolism of arachidonic acid in the pulmonary vasculature plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PAH. The levels of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) are elevated in the pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), pulmonary smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and fibroblasts of PAH patients. Under hypoxia condition, 15-LO/15-HETE induces pulmonary artery contraction, promotes the proliferation of PAECs and PASMCs, inhibits apoptosis of PASMCs, promotes fibrosis of pulmonary vessels, and then leads to the occurrence of PAH. Here, we review the research progress on the relationship between 15-LO/15-HETE and hypoxic PAH, in order to clarify the significance of 15-LO/15-HETE in hypoxic PAH.

Epidemic situation analysis on notifiable infectious diseases in Zhujing County of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017 / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis characteristics and epidemic tendency of notifiable infectious diseases (NID) in Zhujing County of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the epidemic data of NID in Zhujing County of Shanghai during 2013-2017 reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Results A total of 3 259 cases of 17 different NID were reported in Zhujing County of shanghai during 2013-2017.The average annual incidence rate was 509.89/105, A total of 7 cases of death were reported and average annual rate of mortality was 1.10/105.No type A NID was reported and a total of 1 089 cases of 13 type B NID were reported, with the average annual incidence rate of type A and B NID being 170.38/105; a total of 2 170 cases of 4 type C NID were reported, with the average annual incidence rate of type C NID being 339.51/105. The top 5 diseases were HFMD, influenza, syphilis, gonorrhea and tuberculosis, accounting for 32.46%, 25.65%, 17.40%, 7.24% and 5.43% of the total.The onset was mainly to occur from May to August and from December to January, mostly in 0-6 years and 18-40 years groups.Most of the cases were students, scattered children, nursery children, farmers, workers.The incidence rate was higher in men than in women, and the incidence rate of household-registered residents in this city was higher than that of floating population.Intestinal infectious diseases were the main components. Conclusion As HFMD, influenza, syphilis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis prove to be the key NID in Zhujing County of Shanghai, we should act according to the epidemic features of the infectious diseases to formulate perfect control strategy to prevent the outbreak and prevalence of infectious diseases.

Epidemic situation analysis on notifiable infectious diseases in Zhujing County of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017 / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis characteristics and epidemic tendency of notifiable infectious diseases (NID) in Zhujing County of Shanghai from 2013 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the epidemic data of NID in Zhujing County of Shanghai during 2013-2017 reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Results A total of 3 259 cases of 17 different NID were reported in Zhujing County of shanghai during 2013-2017.The average annual incidence rate was 509.89/105, A total of 7 cases of death were reported and average annual rate of mortality was 1.10/105.No type A NID was reported and a total of 1 089 cases of 13 type B NID were reported, with the average annual incidence rate of type A and B NID being 170.38/105; a total of 2 170 cases of 4 type C NID were reported, with the average annual incidence rate of type C NID being 339.51/105. The top 5 diseases were HFMD, influenza, syphilis, gonorrhea and tuberculosis, accounting for 32.46%, 25.65%, 17.40%, 7.24% and 5.43% of the total.The onset was mainly to occur from May to August and from December to January, mostly in 0-6 years and 18-40 years groups.Most of the cases were students, scattered children, nursery children, farmers, workers.The incidence rate was higher in men than in women, and the incidence rate of household-registered residents in this city was higher than that of floating population.Intestinal infectious diseases were the main components. Conclusion As HFMD, influenza, syphilis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis prove to be the key NID in Zhujing County of Shanghai, we should act according to the epidemic features of the infectious diseases to formulate perfect control strategy to prevent the outbreak and prevalence of infectious diseases.

Analysis of factors related to oil-spilling and establishment of limit standards of Asparagi Radix / 中国中药杂志

Some samples of Asparagi Radix were collected from medical markets.Colors of Asparagi Radix were observed by human vision and recorded to judge whether samples were degenerative.Water content of Asparagi Radix was determined by a drying method.The chroma value and color difference were determined and calculated by a colorimeter.With the deepening of color,the L*value was decreased and a*and ΔE*values were increased.It showed that the results determined by colorimeter can replace the results of visual observation.An HPLC method was established and used to determine the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) in Asparagi Radix.The results showed the 5-HMF contents were from 0.002 255 to 0.049 14 mg·g-1 in some samples with yellowish-white or yellowish-brown color,significantly increased from 0.080 80 to 0.105 1 mg·g-1 in some samples with brown color,and up to 1.033 mg·g-1 in an oil-spilling sample with dark brown color.This result demonstrated that the 5-HMF contents were significantly increased by accompanied with the deepening of color.There were the significant negatively correlation between the 5-HMF content and the L*value(P<0.01) and positively correlation between the 5-HMF content and the a*or ΔE*value(P<0.01) by the spearman analysis.The oil-spilling and qualified samples were clustered into two alone categories by the cluster analysis.That the limited standards of the 5-HMF content is not higher than 0.02% by HPLC method and of the L*value is not less than 50 by colorimeter method were suggested for Asparagi Radix.It is firstly reported the multiple-factor analysis about oil-spilling and discoloration and the establishment of limited standard of Asparagi Radix.

Post Harvest Investigation on Processing,Packaging,and Storage of Lilii Bulbus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the current harvest,processing,packaging and storage of Lilii Bulbus due to the great difference in quality of commercially available products,in order to realize the factors affecting the quality after harvest and provide reference for the standardized production. Method: A series of factors affecting Lilii Bulbus quality were analyzed comprehensively on the basis of both field survey in main producing areas and medicinal material markets and literature retrieval. Result: The current situation and problems in harvest,initial processing,drying technologies,packaging,and storage were summarized. Conclusion: The harvest link of Lilii Bulbus involves growing years,harvesting time,and collecting methods. The initial processing link involves stripping,cleaning,sulfur fumigation,and many cooking and drying methods. The hot-air,vacuum-freeze,far-infrared,and microwave methods are applied in drying Lilii Bulbus. The main metamorphic phenomena are brown staining,moth biting,and decay in the packaging and storage links. Lilii Bulbus are packed mainly in bulk,and a few of them are packed in plastic bags or vacuum bags for fresh bulbus. Because the operation process is not standard,the cooking and drying methods are the key factors affecting the quality of Lilli Bulbus. It is necessary to establish a scientific and unified standard operating procedure (SOP) for controlling the whole process of Lilii Bulbus in multiple links.

Correlation Between Color and Contents of Water and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between colors and contents of water and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra (GRRR). Method:The colors were observed under sunlight on a sheet of white paper. The chroma value and color difference were determined and calculated by a colorimeter. Water content was determined by the oven-drying method. An HPLC method was established and used to determine the content of 5-HMF. The correlation was analyzed by the Spearman and Pearson analysis. Result:The colors of GRRR were yellowish-white,ocher-yellow,and yellowish-brown. The values of L*,a*,b*,and ΔE* had a certain range, and could reflect the colors of GRRR. The content of water ranged from 4.01%to 8.31%and was in accordance with the requirement the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of 5-HMF ranged from below the limit of detection (1.985×10-4 μg) to 78.97 μg·g-1. The results of correlation analysis shows significant correlations between L*,a*,b*, ΔE* values and water content, that is to say,the deeper the color was, the higher the content of water was,but with no significant correlation with 5-HMF content. Conclusion:The color of processed GRRR was related to water content but not related to 5-HMF content,which was not consistent with the correlation between color and 5-HMF content that generally existed in a series of raw Chinese medicinal materials. It indicated an essential difference between the color shade of processed Chinese medicinal materials and the cause of color change of raw Chinese medicinal materials. Therefore,it was significant to control water content for ensuring the stability of GRRR. This study determined the colors of GRRR by a colorimeter, systematically determined 5-HMF content,and proposed the effect of water contents on the color of GRRR.

Saline Water Salting and Drying Technology of Gastrodiae Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Fresh tubers of Gastrodiae Rhizoma were harvested at the right time. A saline water salting and drying technology was developed for obtaining the medicinal materials of Gastrodiae Rhizoma in the place of origin and avoiding rot and mildew. Method:Fresh tubers of Gastrodiae Rhizoma were dug in Yiliang,Yunnan,Dejiang,Guizhou,and Chenggu,Shaanxi,the experiments of natural drying,and saline water salting and drying were carried out in the place of origin and Beijing. After the dirt was removed,the samples were tiled in a container immediately,added with varied proportions of saline water (0.03-0.10 g·mL-1 NaCl in water),hermetically pickled for 6-15 d. after being soaked and rinsed with water,the samples were put in a cool ventilated place or under sunshine to prepare dried medicinal materials of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. We described the appearance characteristics,measured the moisture content,gastrodin and nitrite. And the appearance was observed after storage in a simple warehouse for one year later. Result:Fresh tubers of Gastrodiae Rhizoma from three origins were naturally dried,the surface of gastrodia tubers became black,decayed and moldy,then we could not get dried medicinal materials. The appearance and the content of gastrodins in the medicinal materials of Gastrodiae Rhizoma processed by saline water salting and drying technology met the requirements for Gastrodiae Rhizoma in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2015 and relevant standards of nitrite in salted food in National Food Safety Standard Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate in Foods,Hygienic Standard for Preserved Vegetables,Green Food-Soybean Paste and Salted Vegetable. Conclusion:The saline water salting and drying technology is developed to make medicinal materials of Gastrodiae Rhizoma quickly from fresh tubers of Gastrodia elata in the place of origin and Beijing. The metamorphism had not been observed after being stored in simple warehouses for one year. This technology can guarantee the quality of Gastrodiae Rhizoma, and provide a new method for the filed processing of Gastrodiae Rhizoma.

Clinical analysis of 83 cases of perineal Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree laceration / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reasons and prevention and treatment measures of acute third-and fourthdegree obstetric lacerations.METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 83 cases of acute third-and fourth-degree obstetric lacerations in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from 2010 to 2016 was performed.RESULTS:(1)The incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was 0.394%(83/21 083),which was 0.433%(72/16 620)in primiparas and 0.246%(11/4463)in multiparous women,there being a statistical difference(P<0.05).(2)The incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was significantly increased in the group with episiotomy than without episiotomy[0.583%(48/8229)vs.0.272%(35/12 854),P<0.05].(3)The incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was significantly increased in the group with Forceps delivery than without Forceps deliery[3.120%(37/1186)vs.0.231%(46/19 897),P<0.05].(4)In patients with forceps delivery,the incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was 2.911%(28/962)in episiotomy group and 4.018%(9/224)in without episiotomy group,there being a significant difference(P<0.05).(5)The incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was significantly increased in the macrosomia group than in the non-macrosomia group[1.225%(11/898)vs.0.357%(72/20 185),P<0.05].(6)The incidence of 3 rd or 4 th degree laceration was significantly increased in the prolonged second stage group than in the normal second stage group[2.381%(24/1008)vs.0.294%(59/20 075),P<0.05].CONCLUSION: The incidence of third-and fourth-degree obstetric lacerations is increased in primiparous women,episiotomy,forceps delivery,forceps delivery without episiotomy,big fetal weight and prolonged second stage.

Effect of curcumin combined with cytarabine on proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG1a / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of curcumin ( CUR) combined with cytarabine( Ara-C) on the pro-liferation and apoptosis of human acute myeloid leuke-mia cell line KG1a and its relationship with autophagy. Methods The optimal combination concentration of curcumin and cytarabine was screened by MTT method and the combined effects were detected. The effects of CUR and Ara-C on the proliferation, autophagy, apop-tosis and cycle of KG1a cells were analyzed. Results Both CUR and Ara-C significantly inhibited the prolif-eration of KG1a cells ( P<0.05) , and showed a dose-and time-dependent manner. The inhibition rate of cells treated with 40 μmol·L-1CUR and 0.5 μmol· L-1 Ara-C was significantly higher than that of the other doses alone. The survival rate of cells pretreated with 3-MA was significantly decreased ( P <0.05 ) . Auto-phagic vacuoles was observed in cells with Acridine or-ange staining methods, the expression rate of the com-bination group was higher than the single group, and can be inhibited by 3-MA. The apoptosis rate of the combined group was higher than that of the single group. The apoptosis rate of the 3-MA pretreatment group was higher than that of the single group ( P <0.05). Cell numbers of the G0/G1 phase were signifi-cantly more than the S phase. The expression of caspase-3, LC3 and Beclin-1 were up-regulated while the Bcl-2 was down-regulated(P<0.05). The protein level of caspase-3 and Beclin-1 of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the single group ( P <0.05 ) , and the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰwas increased. The Beclin-1 expression and caspase-3 expression in 3-MA pretreatment group decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion Curcumin can induce autoph-agy and apoptosis of KG1a cells and increase the sensi-tivity of leukemic cells to cytarabine. Autophagy inhib-itor 3-MA can not only inhibit the autophagy but also promote apoptosis.

Outcome of vaginal birth after cesarean section in women with advanced maternal age / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To explore the perinatal outcome of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) in women with advanced age.Methods Totally 2 587 women delivered after one or two prior cesarean sections (gestational age≥28 weeks) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from July 2013 to February 2017.909 trial of labor after cesarean(TOLAC) cases of singleton pregnancy with one prior cesarean section were studied retrospectively.According to the age,of the 909 TOLAC cases,237 were the advanced age group,and 672 cases were the low age group.The maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results The percentage of TOLAC in women with advanced age was 32.4％ (237/731),and VBAC rate was 88.2％ (209/237).The percentage of TOLAC in younger women was 36.2％ (672/1 856),and VBAC rate was 82.4％ (554/672).The difference of the TOLAC rate between the two groups was not significant (P＞0.05),and the VBAC rate of the advanced age group was higher than the low age group (P＜0.05).In the comparison of the two groups,the proportion of bachelor degree or above(55.7％,132/ 237),the prepregnancy BMI (22.4±3.0) kg/m2,pregnant interval time (68.5±38.3) months,the proportion of gestational hypertension (8.4％,20/237),the proportion of gestational diabetes(34.6％,82/237) and the rate of the neonatal ICU admission (18.1％,43/237) in the advanced age group were higher than those of the low age group (P＜0.05),respectively.And there were no significant differences in the rate of postpartum hemorrhage,the rate of postpartum hemorrhage≥1 500 ml,the rate of postpartum transfusion,puerperal morbidity,neonatal birth weight,neonatal 5 min Apgar score＜7 score,umbilical artery blood pH＜7.0,neonatal tracheal intubation and respiratory distress syndrome (all P＞0.05).In all TOLAC cases,the rate of uterine rupture was 0.11％(1/909) and there was no maternal and neonatal death.Conclusion VBAC is a safe and feasible way of delivery for singleton pregnancy after one prior cesarean section in women with advanced age.

Non-aggregation based label free colorimetric sensor for the detection of Cu2+ based on catalyzing etching of gold nanorods by dissolve oxygen.

A label-free non-aggregation colorimetric sensor has been designed for the detection of Cu(2+), based on Cu(2+) catalyzing etching of gold nanorods (AuNRs) along longitudinal axis induced by dissolve oxygen in the presence of S2O3(2-), which caused the aspect ratio (length/width) of AuNRs to decrease and the color of the solution to distinctly change. The linear range and the detection limit (LD, calculated by 10 Sb/k, n=11) of this sensor were 0.080-4.8 µM Cu(2+) and 0.22 µM Cu(2+), respectively. This sensor has been utilized to detect Cu(2+) in tap water and human serum samples with the results agreeing well with those of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), showing its remarkable practicality. In order to prove the possibility of catalyzing AuNRs non-aggregation colorimetric sensor for the detection of Cu(2+), the morphological structures of AuNRs were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and the sensing mechanism of colorimetric sensor for the detection of Cu(2+) was also discussed.

Ultra-sensitive non-aggregation colorimetric sensor for detection of iron based on the signal amplification effect of Fe3+ catalyzing H2O2 oxidize gold nanorods.

Fe(3+) can catalyze H2O2 to oxidize along on the longitudinal axis of gold nanorods (AuNRs), which caused the aspect ratio of AuNRs to decrease, longitudinal plasmon absorption band (LPAB) of AuNRs to blueshift (Δλ) and the color of the solution to change obviously. Thus, a rapid response and highly sensitive non-aggregation colorimetric sensor for the determination of Fe(3+) has been developed based on the signal amplification effect of catalyzing H2O2 to oxidize AuNRs. This simple and selective sensor with a wide linear range of 0.20-30.00 µM has been utilized to detect Fe(3+) in blood samples, and the results consisted with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Simultaneously, the mechanism of colorimetric sensor for the detection of Fe(3+) was also discussed.

Fullerol-fluorescein isothiocyanate-concanavalin agglutinin phosphorescent sensor for the detection of alpha-fetoprotein and forecast of human diseases.

Based on the reaction of the active -OH group in fullerol (F) with the dissociated -COOH group in fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to form an F-FITC and the enhanced effect of N, N-dimethylaniline (DMA) on phosphorescence signal of F-FITC, a new phosphorescent labeling reagent (DMA-F-FITC) was developed. What's more, a phosphorescent sensor for the determination of alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-V) has been designed via the coupling technique of the high sensitivity for affinity adsorption-solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry (AA-SS-RTP) with the strong specificity reaction between DMA-F-FITC-Con A and AFP-V. The DMA-F-FITC increased the number of luminescent molecules in the biological target which improved the sensitivity of phosphorescent sensor. The proposed sensor was responsive, simple, selective and sensitive, and it has been applied to the determination of trace AFP-V in human serum and the forecast of human diseases using phosphorescence emission wavelength of F or FITC, with the results agreed well with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Meanwhile, the mechanisms for the labeling reaction and the sensing detection of AFP-V were discussed.

Catalytic solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry for the determination of residual perphenazine based on the electronic effect of rhodamine 6G.

The rhodamine 6G(+) -perphenazine (Rhod 6G(+) -PPH) compound is formed in the ester-exchange reaction between -OH of PPH and -COOC2 H5 of Rhod 6G(+) . PPH was oxidized to a red compound (PPH') in the presence of K2 S2 O8 . Interestingly, the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of Rhod 6G(+) was quenched because the -OH of PPH' reacted with -COOC2 H5 of Rhod 6G(+) -PPH to form Rhod 6G(+) -PPH' and PPH, which decreased the π-electron density (δ) of the carbon atom in the Rhod 6G(+) -PPH' conjugated system and enhanced the nonradiation energy loss of the excited Rhod 6G(+) of the triplet state. The PPH content was directly proportional to the ΔIp of the system. Thus, a new catalytic solid-substrate room temperature phosphorimetry (SSRTP) method was established for the determination of PPH. The method had high sensitivity (the limit of detection was 0.019 fg/spot, corresponding to a concentration of 4.8 × 10(-14) g/mL; the sampling quantity was 0.40 µL/spot), good selectivity, convenience and speed. The analytical results were in accordance with those of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of Rhod 6G(+) , PPH and Rhod 6G(+) -PPH were characterized by infrared spectra. The reaction mechanism by which PPH was determined is discussed.