RESUMO
Ones of the largest commercial cattle herd in the world, Brazil has its cattle characterized by the use of an extensive system and the predominance of zebu breeds, especially the Nelore and its crosses. In this system the temperament of cattle becomes a problem because of the low human-animal interaction, and bad-tempered animals can cause accidents, increase maintenance costs of facilities and provide poorer quality of the carcass, meat and leather. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperament of 24 calves Nellore and Guzerath purebreds , with a mean of 235.81 ± 39.95 days of age after submitted into two treatments during the breeding season of the cows. The treatments were: T1 - calves submitted to the management of permanent feeding (PF) and T2 - calves submitted to the management of controlled feeding (CF). Ninety days after the beginning of the breeding season, the CF was interrupted and the calves stayed with their mothers until weaning. The temperament of calves was evaluated in the weaning management through the following methods: escape velocity in meters/second (EV), reactivity test in the contention trunk (RT), crush score (CS) and escape distance (ED). The EV was obtained with the use of the equipment "flight speed" placed in the exit of the trunk contention. The animals with higher velocity were considered the worst temperament. The CS, on a scale of 1 to
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
Background: The concentration of births in the most appropriate time (months) of the year results in uniform lots of calves and allows the adoption of different management practices, aimed at reducing mortality and increasing the weaning weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the month of calving on subsequent pregnancy rate and weaning weight of calves from Nelore cows during the birth season.Materials, Methods & Results: Were used 91 Nellore cows between three and ten years, belonging from Experimental Farm Capim Branco, Uberlandia, Minas Gerias, Brazil, from August 2008 to May 2009. The birth season lasted 110 days and occurred from 09/17/2008 to 01/05/2009 (110 days), that period being divided into four months: 1 (9/17 to 16/10), 2 (10/17 to 11/16), 3 (11/17 to 12/16) and 4 (12/17 to 01/05). On the day of birth, calves (males and females) were weighed in analog scale, and then, between the sixth and seventh months of life (months to weaning) were weighed again. The next breeding season was held from 12/05/2008 to 03/05/2009, lasted 90 days. Eleven days before the beginning of the breeding season, the cows that had more than 30 days postpartum (DPP) and body condition score equal to or greater than 2.50 were submitted through a time artificial insemination protocol (TAI). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed in cows with 28 to 32 days of insemination. N
Background: The concentration of births in the most appropriate time (months) of the year results in uniform lots of calves and allows the adoption of different management practices, aimed at reducing mortality and increasing the weaning weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the month of calving on subsequent pregnancy rate and weaning weight of calves from Nelore cows during the birth season.Materials, Methods & Results: Were used 91 Nellore cows between three and ten years, belonging from Experimental Farm Capim Branco, Uberlandia, Minas Gerias, Brazil, from August 2008 to May 2009. The birth season lasted 110 days and occurred from 09/17/2008 to 01/05/2009 (110 days), that period being divided into four months: 1 (9/17 to 16/10), 2 (10/17 to 11/16), 3 (11/17 to 12/16) and 4 (12/17 to 01/05). On the day of birth, calves (males and females) were weighed in analog scale, and then, between the sixth and seventh months of life (months to weaning) were weighed again. The next breeding season was held from 12/05/2008 to 03/05/2009, lasted 90 days. Eleven days before the beginning of the breeding season, the cows that had more than 30 days postpartum (DPP) and body condition score equal to or greater than 2.50 were submitted through a time artificial insemination protocol (TAI). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed in cows with 28 to 32 days of insemination. N
RESUMO
Background: The concentration of births in the most appropriate time (months) of the year results in uniform lots of calves and allows the adoption of different management practices, aimed at reducing mortality and increasing the weaning weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the month of calving on subsequent pregnancy rate and weaning weight of calves from Nelore cows during the birth season.Materials, Methods & Results: Were used 91 Nellore cows between three and ten years, belonging from Experimental Farm Capim Branco, Uberlandia, Minas Gerias, Brazil, from August 2008 to May 2009. The birth season lasted 110 days and occurred from 09/17/2008 to 01/05/2009 (110 days), that period being divided into four months: 1 (9/17 to 16/10), 2 (10/17 to 11/16), 3 (11/17 to 12/16) and 4 (12/17 to 01/05). On the day of birth, calves (males and females) were weighed in analog scale, and then, between the sixth and seventh months of life (months to weaning) were weighed again. The next breeding season was held from 12/05/2008 to 03/05/2009, lasted 90 days. Eleven days before the beginning of the breeding season, the cows that had more than 30 days postpartum (DPP) and body condition score equal to or greater than 2.50 were submitted through a time artificial insemination protocol (TAI). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed in cows with 28 to 32 days of insemination. N
Background: The concentration of births in the most appropriate time (months) of the year results in uniform lots of calves and allows the adoption of different management practices, aimed at reducing mortality and increasing the weaning weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the month of calving on subsequent pregnancy rate and weaning weight of calves from Nelore cows during the birth season.Materials, Methods & Results: Were used 91 Nellore cows between three and ten years, belonging from Experimental Farm Capim Branco, Uberlandia, Minas Gerias, Brazil, from August 2008 to May 2009. The birth season lasted 110 days and occurred from 09/17/2008 to 01/05/2009 (110 days), that period being divided into four months: 1 (9/17 to 16/10), 2 (10/17 to 11/16), 3 (11/17 to 12/16) and 4 (12/17 to 01/05). On the day of birth, calves (males and females) were weighed in analog scale, and then, between the sixth and seventh months of life (months to weaning) were weighed again. The next breeding season was held from 12/05/2008 to 03/05/2009, lasted 90 days. Eleven days before the beginning of the breeding season, the cows that had more than 30 days postpartum (DPP) and body condition score equal to or greater than 2.50 were submitted through a time artificial insemination protocol (TAI). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed in cows with 28 to 32 days of insemination. N
RESUMO
Ones of the largest commercial cattle herd in the world, Brazil has its cattle characterized by the use of an extensive system and the predominance of zebu breeds, especially the Nelore and its crosses. In this system the temperament of cattle becomes a problem because of the low human-animal interaction, and bad-tempered animals can cause accidents, increase maintenance costs of facilities and provide poorer quality of the carcass, meat and leather. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperament of 24 calves Nellore and Guzerath purebreds , with a mean of 235.81 ± 39.95 days of age after submitted into two treatments during the breeding season of the cows. The treatments were: T1 - calves submitted to the management of permanent feeding (PF) and T2 - calves submitted to the management of controlled feeding (CF). Ninety days after the beginning of the breeding season, the CF was interrupted and the calves stayed with their mothers until weaning. The temperament of calves was evaluated in the weaning management through the following methods: escape velocity in meters/second (EV), reactivity test in the contention trunk (RT), crush score (CS) and escape distance (ED). The EV was obtained with the use of the equipment "flight speed" placed in the exit of the trunk contention. The animals with higher velocity were considered the worst temperament. The CS, on a scale of 1 to
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.