Razumab -- the role of biosimilars for the treatment of retinal diseases.

Biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) are the mainstay treatment of many vascular retinal pathologies. To date, Razumab is the only approved biosimilar for ophthalmic use. Razumab showed no differences compared to the innovator ranibizumab, in terms of VEGF binding activity nor in inhibition of VEGF-induced proliferation. Clinical and preclinical studies have shown a favorable efficacy and safety profile of Razumab. Nonetheless, even if clinical equivalence is expected, randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to directly compare Razumab with the innovator ranibizumab in different retinal diseases.

Omidenepag isopropyl for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Glaucoma is a main cause of irreversible vision impairment and its prevalence is expected to rise significantly in the near future. Among the current medications, prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) are widely used and considered as a first-line strategy in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT). However, given the non-negligible incidence of adverse ocular effects (conjunctival hyperemia, increase of iris pigmentation and eyelash changes) due to the use of this class of drugs, novel PGAs are being investigated. Omidenepag isopropyl is a selective prostaglandin EP2 receptor agonist which was approved on September 21, 2018, in Japan for the treatment of glaucoma and OHT. In this review, we will discuss its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy, focusing also on its safety and tolerability profile.