Characterization of a chromatic confocal displacement sensor integrated with an optical laser head.

In this paper, the results of experimental characterization of an optical system consisting of a chromatic confocal displacement sensor integrated with an optical laser head are presented. As a result of integration, the part of the optical path of the displacement sensor was combined with the optical path of the laser beam. Consequently, a working distance of 250 mm for the optical system was achieved. The main aim of the characterization was to determine the calibration curve, as well as the application parameters of the system. The methodology for spectral data processing with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of various extraction algorithms is presented. The Lorentzian fitting was considered as the optimal algorithm for the optical system. Consequently, a large measuring range of 10 mm was obtained with perfect linear tendency of the calibration curve. The optical system was characterized by high accuracy equal to ±0.11% of the measuring range, as well as 1 µm resolution. Moreover, the functionality of the system was verified on materials commonly used in laser processing and additive manufacturing. Finally, the system was validated through a comparative measurement with a laser profiler.

Design of a chromatic confocal displacement sensor integrated with an optical laser head.

In this paper, the methodology for design of the system consisting of chromatic confocal displacement sensor integrated with an optical laser head was presented. Furthermore, the results of experimental characterization of optical components of the laser head were also included in the numerical analysis. The designed chromatic confocal displacement sensor was analyzed as an assembly of components widely available on the optical market. Nevertheless, the main goal of the numerical optimization was to determine the influence of individual components of the optical path of the system on its parameters, i.e., measuring range, FWHM of the characteristic spectral peak, and intensity that reaches the detector. The optimized solution was characterized in order to determine the calibration curve, as well as other important application parameters of the system. Moreover, taking into consideration the integration aspect the caustic of the laser beam shaped by the laser head was measured. Finally, the versatility of the system was presented and discussed.

[Fibrosigmoidoscopy as a screening method for colorectal neoplasms in a population of patients hospitalized in the internal medicine department]. / Fibrosigmoidoskopia jako metoda przesiewowa dla nowotworów jelita grubego w populacji pacjentów hospitalizowanych w oddziale chorób wewnetrznych.

Surgical treatment of an early enough diagnosed large bowel cancer is possible in the screening tests. Fibrosigmoidoscopy is a sensitive method of the neoplastic lesions' diagnostics in the distal large bowel and competes the tests for occult blood in stools. The aim of the study was the assessment of fibrosigmoidoscopy as a screening test in a hospitalized patients. 2405 hospitalized patients were analysed in 2 years. Fibrosigmoidoscopy was performed in 903. Polyps, mainly neoplastic were diagnosed in 115 patients and cancers in 4 cases. The percentage of the results in other countries. The acceptance of the method was high (86%). We suggest that fibrosigmoidoscopy should be performed as the screening test in the hospitalized population.

[Behcet's syndrome with esophageal and intestinal involvement]. / Zespól Behçeta z zajeciem przelyku i jelit.

A case of 22-years old man with Behçet's syndrome is presented. Apart from typical aphtous ulcers in the mouth and on the scrotum the patient had oesophageal ulcerations and inflammatory changes in the ileum. During 8 years follow up the patient had several bleeding episodes from the gastrointestinal tract that required blood transfusions.

[Plasma clearance of cholic acid in patients with chronic diseases of the liver]. / Klirens osoczowy kwasu cholowego u chorych na przewlekle choroby watroby.

The diagnostic value of 14C-cholic acid plasma clearance following oral administration was evaluated. 14C-cholic acid clearance was 1223 +/- 267 mL/min. per 1 square meter in the control group without liver disease. Significantly lower values (p less than 0.001) were obtained in the patients with chronic hepatitis (694 +/- 137 mL/min. per 1 square meter) and liver cirrhosis (332 +/- 156 mL/min. per 1 square meter). Sensitivity of the 14C-cholic acid clearance test was 100% while specificity--80%. A 3-year follow-up has shown that this test is of high prognostic value in patients with liver cirrhosis.