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1.
Poblac. salud mesoam ; 19(2)jun. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386937

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: el tamizaje auditivo es un método de detección y su propósito es intervenir de forma temprana para reducir las consecuencias negativas de una eventual afección auditiva en el desarrollo integral del infante. Costa Rica ha implementado en el sistema de salud público un programa de tamizaje auditivo neonatal universal, donde se examina todo niño o niña antes del primer mes de vida. Aunque se han percibido múltiples beneficios, es importante demostrar con evidencia científica si cumple sus objetivos. Metodología: se analizó la eficacia del «Programa de tamizaje auditivo neonatal universal» (TANU) de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, a partir de la información registrada de 37 656 infantes evaluados entre los años 2016 y 2018, mediante el contraste empírico con las técnicas descriptivas de distribución de frecuencias de variables, y las pruebas inferenciales chi cuadrado y análisis de varianza (ANOVA). Resultados: en cuanto a la edad al momento del examen, el 71 % de la muestra tenía entre 0 y 3 días. Su desempeño a través del tiempo y la extensión a distintos centros de salud ha sido satisfactorio, así mismo, la cantidad de infantes valorados ha sido hasta del 98 % de la población. Conclusiones: el programa TANU es eficaz en la mayoría de aspectos analizados, destaca la identificación de factores de riesgo y la detección temprana de afecciones auditivas, sin embargo, se proponen mejoras en relación con el manejo de la información.


Abstract Introduction: Hearing screening is a detection method, its objective is to provide an early intervention that allows reducing the negative consequences of an eventual hearing impairment, in the integral development of the infant. Costa Rica has implemented a universal neonatal hearing screening program in the public health system, where the hearing of every child born in the country is examined before the first month of life. Although multiple benefits have been perceived, it is important to demonstrate with scientific evidence if it accomplishes its objectives. Methodology: the effectiveness of the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Program in Costa Rica was analyzed, based on the information recorded from 37,656 children evaluated since 2016 to 2018, through empirical contrast using both descriptive techniques: frequency distribution of variables, as well as the use of inferential tests: chi square and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: 71 % of the sample was between 0 and 3 days old at the moment of being examined. Its performance over time and extension to different health centers has been satisfactory, likewise, the number of infants evaluated has been up to 98 % of the population. Conclusions: the TANU program is effective in most of the aspects analyzed, the identification of risk factors and the early detection of hearing disorders are outstanding, however, improvements are proposed in relation to the handling of information.


Assuntos
Humanos , Perda Auditiva , Costa Rica
2.
Asclepio ; 71(2): 0-0, jul.-dic. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-191067

RESUMO

En el verano de 1883, el escritor, minero, científico y seguidor del espiritismo Pedro Castera (1846-1906) fue recluido en el Hospital de San Hipólito para hombres dementes de la Ciudad de México. El confinamiento y la situación de aislamiento del también poeta despertó acalorados debates y disputas sobre su condición mental. Los motivos de su internamiento y las conjeturas acerca de la psicopatología que lo aquejaba fueron cruciales dentro de la narrativa de este caso, en el que convergieron intrigas políticas, sospechas familiares, controversias médicas y convenciones literarias. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las valoraciones médicas alrededor de la reclusión, permanencia y salida de Pedro Castera del nosocomio, con el fin de reflexionar, asimismo, en torno a la resignificación de la figura del loco-literario, a partir de la emergencia del discurso de la medicina mental en el contexto de la modernidad mexicana en el último tercio del siglo XIX


In the summer of 1883, the writer, miner, scientist and follower of spiritism Pedro Castera (1846-1906) was detained at the Hospital de San Hipólito for demented men in Mexico City. The confinement and isolation of the also poet aroused heated debates and disputes surrounding his mental condition. The reasons for his internment and the conjectures about the psychopathology that afflicted him were crucial within the narrative of a case in which political intrigues, family suspicions, medical controversies and literary conventions converged. The aim of the present work is to analyze the medical valuations around the confinement, permanence and exit of Pedro Castera in and from the hospital, as well as to reflect on the resignification of the figure of the literary-madman from the emergence of the discourse of mental medicine in the context of Porfirian modernity


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Literatura/história , Transtornos Mentais/história , Demência/história , Internação Compulsória de Doente Mental/história , História do Século XIX , México
3.
Odontol. pediatr. (Lima) ; 11(1): 49-56, ene.-jun. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-661359

RESUMO

La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica es un síndrome genético, caracterizado principalmente por hipohidrosis, hipotricosis e hipodoncia. Esta enfermedad es asociada con hipodoncia y atrofia de los procesos alveolares. El aspecto facial y la ausencia dental múltiple puede ser causa de problemas de socialización por parte de los niños afectados. El propósito de este reporte es describir las características y el manejo odontológico y protésico de un paciente masculino de 5 años de edad diagnosticado con el síndrome.


Hypodriotic ectotermal dysplasia is a genetic syndrome characterized mainly by hypodriosis, hypotrichosis and hypodontia. This disesase is associated with hypodontia and atrophy of the alveolar process. The facial aspect and the multiple missing teeth can cause problems of socialization of the affected children. The aim of this report is to describe features and dental and prosthetic management of a 5-year-old boy, diagnosed with the syndrome.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Anodontia , Prótese Parcial Removível , Displasia Ectodérmica/reabilitação , Hipo-Hidrose , Reabilitação Bucal
4.
Bioresour Technol ; 100(5): 1762-6, 2009 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19010666

RESUMO

Milk fat/protein degrading microorganisms were isolated from different locations of a dairy wastewater treatment system with the goal of developing an inoculum for bioaugmentation strategies. Eight isolates, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as belonging to the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter, were tested for their ability to remove COD and protein from a milk-based medium (3000 mg/L COD) and compared to a commercial bioaugmentation inoculum. The Acinetobacter isolate exhibited a pellet-type growth in liquid culture, a property that could potentially aid in the separation of microbes and liquid phase following treatment. Based on the individual degradation capacity and growth behavior of the isolates, three microorganisms were further selected and tested together. This consortium exhibited a COD removal similar to the commercial inoculum (57% and 63%, respectively), but higher protein (consortium: 93%; commercial inoculum: 54%), and fat removals (consortium: 75%; commercial inoculum: 38%).


Assuntos
Acinetobacter/metabolismo , Bacillus/metabolismo , Indústria de Laticínios , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Purificação da Água/métodos , Acinetobacter/genética , Bacillus/genética , Sequência de Bases , Biodegradação Ambiental , Carbono/metabolismo , Primers do DNA/genética , Proteínas do Leite/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Pseudomonas/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA
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