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1.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 97(5): 310-316, nov. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211322

RESUMO

Introducción: Las ingestas de objetos imantados pueden presentar complicaciones en el niño, no existiendo datos epidemiológicos ni clínicos en España. Objetivos: Conocer la incidencia de ingesta de objetos imantados en los servicios de urgencias pediátricos españoles, sus características epidemiológicas y su manejo. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo multicéntrico realizado durante 3 años. Población de referencia menores de 14 años. Resultados: La incidencia fue de 4,8/100.000 urgencias. De los 72 pacientes incluidos (edad media de 7,2 años), el 54% fueron varones. El 7% presentaron antecedentes neuropsiquiátricos. El 61% de los imanes fueron esféricos y el 69% procedían de juguetes. El tamaño fue variable con un predominio de los imanes entre 5 y 10mm (50%). El 86% fueron asintomáticos. El síntoma más frecuente fue el dolor abdominal. El 83% de los pacientes consultaron en menos de 6h y el 92% en las primeras 24h. El 31% fueron ingestas múltiples. El 15% precisó intervención endoscópica, cifra que ascendió al 36% en los casos de ingestas múltiples. No se realizó ninguna intervención quirúrgica. No se observó ninguna complicación gastrointestinal secundaria. Conclusiones: Las ingestas de imanes múltiples son menos frecuentes que las simples y en este estudio no se han observado complicaciones a pesar de que las intervenciones realizadas han sido menores que en otros estudios. (AU)


Introduction: The ingestion of magnetic objects can cause complications in children, and there are no epidemiological or clinical data on the subject in Spain. Objectives: To determine the incidence, epidemiological characteristics and management of magnet ingestion in paediatric emergency departments in Spain. Material and methods: Prospective observational multicentre study conducted over a 3-year period. The study universe consisted of patients aged less than 14 years. Results: The incidence was 4.8 cases per 100 000 emergency care episodes. Of the 72 patients included (mean age, 7.2 years), 54% were male. Seven percent had neuropsychiatric disorders. Sixty-one percent of the magnets were spherical and 69% came from toys. The size was variable, most frequently between 5 and 10mm (50%), and ranging from 3 to 30mm. Eighty-six percent of patients were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain. Eighty-three percent of the patients sought medical care within 6h of ingestion and 92% within 24h. Thirty-one percent of the cases were of multiple ingestion. Endoscopy was required for extraction in 15% of cases, a proportion that rose to 36% in the group of cases of multiple ingestion. None of the patients required surgery. We did not observe any gastrointestinal complications of magnet ingestion. Conclusions: The ingestion of multiple magnets is less frequent than single magnet ingestion, and we did not observe any complications despite the lower frequency of procedures compared to other studies. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Imãs/intoxicação , Corpos Estranhos , Estudos Prospectivos , Espanha , Medicina de Emergência Pediátrica
2.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 97(5): 310-316, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36115782

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The ingestion of magnetic objects can cause complications in children, and there are no epidemiological or clinical data on the subject in Spain. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence, epidemiological characteristics and management of magnet ingestion in paediatric emergency departments in Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicentre study conducted over a 3-year period. The study universe consisted of patients aged less than 14 years. RESULTS: The incidence was 4.8 cases per 100 000 emergency care episodes. Of the 72 patients included (mean age, 7.2 years), 54% were male. Seven percent had neuropsychiatric disorders. Sixty-one percent of the magnets were spherical and 69% came from toys. The size was variable, most frequently between 5 and 10 mm (50%), and ranging from 3 to 30 mm. Eighty-six percent of patients were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain. Eighty-three percent of the patients sought medical care within 6 h of ingestion and 92% within 24 h. Thirty-one percent of the cases were of multiple ingestion. Endoscopy was required for extraction in 15% of cases, a proportion that rose to 36% in the group of cases of multiple ingestion. None of the patients required surgery. We did not observe any gastrointestinal complications of magnet ingestion. CONCLUSIONS: The ingestion of multiple magnets is less frequent than single magnet ingestion, and we did not observe any complications despite the lower frequency of procedures compared to other studies.


Assuntos
Corpos Estranhos , Imãs , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Imãs/efeitos adversos , Corpos Estranhos/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Ingestão de Alimentos
3.
Pediatr. catalan ; 80(3): 115-117, jul.-sept. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Catalão | IBECS | ID: ibc-200155

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓ: Els fenòmens tromboembòlics són poc freqüents en l'edat pediàtrica. La majoria de casos són secundaris a un factor de risc identificable. Quan són espontanis, recurrents, de localització inusual o de gravetat desproporcionada, requereixen estudi de trombofília. CAS CLÍNIC: Pacient de 14 anys, home, amb antecedent de trombosi venosa profunda I anticoagulant lúpic positiu, que consulta a urgències per episodi de pèrdua de consciència autolimitada. Presenta afectació de l'estat general, pal·lidesa I taquipnea. Saturació d'oxigen 87%, hipotensió (85/45 mmHg), taquicàrdia (155 ppm) I reompliment capil·lar allargat. En l'analítica sanguínia destaca dímer-D 7.224 ng/mL I troponina T 243 ng/L. Electrocardiograma amb descens difús del segment ST I ones T precordials negatives I radiografia de tòrax normal. Davant d'un quadre compatible amb tromboembolisme pulmonar (TEP) en pacient amb factors de risc de trombosi es completa l'estudi amb angio-TC, que mostra TEP massiu. Ingressa a unitat de cures intensives pediàtriques per tractament fibrinolític I posteriorment anticoagulació. En l'estudi de trombofilia es comprova persistència de l'anticoagulant lúpic positiu, que al costat de trombosi de repetició comporta el diagnòstic de síndrome antifosfolípid (SAF). COMENTARIS: La SAF és un estat d'hipercoagulabilitat d'origen autoimmunitari caracteritzat per la presència de trombosis, complicacions obstètriques I títols elevats d'anticossos antifosfolípids. La importància del seu diagnòstic precoç és la instauració de tractament anticoagulant indefinit per prevenir nous episodis trombòtics i, per tant, millorar el pronòstic


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los fenómenos tromboembólicos son poco frecuentes en la edad pediátrica. En la mayoría de casos son secundarios a un factor de riesgo identificable. Cuando son espontáneos, recurrentes, de localización inusual o de gravedad desproporcionada, requieren estudio de trombofilia. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 14 años, varón, con antecedente de trombosis venosa profunda y anticoagulante lúpico positivo, que acude a urgencias tras episodio de pérdida de conciencia autolimitada. Presenta afectación del estado general, palidez y taquipnea. Saturación de oxígeno 87%, hipotensión (85/45 mmHg), taquicardia (155 lpm) y relleno capilar prolongado. En la analítica sanguínea destaca dímero-D 7.224 ng/mL y troponina T 243 ng/L. Electrocardiograma con descenso difuso del segmento ST y ondas T precordiales negativas y radiografía de tórax normal. Ante el cuadro compatible con tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) en paciente con factores de riesgo de trombosis, se completa el estudio con angio-TC, que muestra TEP masivo. Ingresa en unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos para tratamiento fibrinolítico y posteriormente anticoagulación. En el estudio de trombofilia se comprueba la persistencia del anticoagulante lúpico positivo, que junto a trombosis de repetición supone el diagnóstico de síndrome antifos-folípido (SAF). COMENTARIOS: El SAF es un estado de hipercoagulabilidad de origen autoinmune caracterizado por la presencia de trombosis, complicaciones obstétricas y títulos elevados de anticuerpos antifosfolípido. La importancia de su diagnóstico precoz es la instauración de tratamiento anticoagulante indefinido y así prevenir nuevos episodios trombóticos y, por tanto, mejorar el pronóstico


INTRODUCTION: Thromboembolic phenomena are rare in the pediatric age. In most cases they are secondary to an identifiable risk factor. When they are spontaneous, recurrent, in unusual location or of disproportionate severity, they require a work-up for thrombophilia. CASE REPORT: A 14-year-old boy with history of deep vein thrombosis and positive lupus anticoagulant was admitted in the emergency department after an episode of self-limited loss of consciousness. He presented altered general appearance, pallor and tachypnea. Oxygen saturation was 87%, and had hypotension (85/45 mmHg), tachycardia (155 ppm) and prolonged capillary refill. Laboratory evaluation was remarkable for D-Dimer 7224 ng/mL and Troponin T 243 ng/L. Electrocardiogram showed diffuse decline of the ST segment and negative precordial T waves, and chest radiography was normal. Due to the clinical findings compatible with pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) in a patient with risk factors for thrombosis, a CT-angiography was performed and showed massive PE. The patient was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for fibrinolytic treatment and subsequently anticoagulation. In the thrombophilia study, persistence of the positive lupus anticoagulant was confirmed, which, together with repeated thrombosis, suggested the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). COMMENTS: APS is a state of hypercoagulability of autoimmune origin characterized by the presence of thrombosis, obstetric complications and high titers of antiphospholipid antibodies. The importance of early diagnosis is the establishment of indefinite anticoagulant treatment to prevent new thrombotic episodes and therefore improve prognosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Inibidor de Coagulação do Lúpus/isolamento & purificação , Embolia Pulmonar/etiologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/complicações , Trombofilia/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações
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