RESUMO
The aims of the present study were to comprehensively assess all the published cases on dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa (DMCCF) in the literature in English and describe the clinical, imaging, and therapeutic variables for this condition. An electronic search was undertaken in March 2020 using PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus databases. Eligibility criteria included publications with sufficient information to confirm the diagnosis. In addition, we have presented the case report of a 13-year-old boy with DMCCF, who was treated with craniectomy, arthroplasty, and reconstruction with a resorbable osteosynthesis material obtaining favourable and functional results. A total of 72 cases reported in English, including ours, were analysed and discussed. Most of the patients were female (n= 49) with a mean (range) age of 23.4 (5-72) years, the most affected condyle was the right (n= 42), the main aetiology was a motor vehicle accident, and half of the patients had intracranial lesions. Open treatment was performed in the majority with condylar surgery that included condylotomy and condylectomy. Temporomandibular joint arthroplasty was performed with bone, osteosynthesis material, and flap rotation. Timely treatment before four weeks was performed in most of the cases and, despite this, the persistence of the deviation was observed in more than a third of cases, with functional and neurosensorial sequelae. The present study allows an update of the characteristics of DMCCF and gives a current vision of how to manage this rare and complex fracture.
