Two new species of Styela (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the tropical West Atlantic Ocean.

Two new species of the genus Styela are described, with very rare characteristics in this genus: both are shallow-water and tropical, with more than two gonads in each side of the body. Styela panamensis sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in Bocas del Toro, Atlantic coast of Panama, and Styela multicarpa sp. nov. from specimens collected in Espírito Santo, Brazil and Margarita Island, Venezuela. They are probably native to the south Caribbean and S. multicarpa sp. nov. is introduced in Brazil.

A large marine Caribbean mushroom field: description of Eudistoma amanitum sp. nov. (Ascidiacea: Polycitoridae).

Numerous colonies of Eudistoma amanitum sp. nov. have been collected in Caribbean waters. The colonies resemble the groups of mushrooms from the Amanita genus and there are different color morphs. The discussion includes comparison with other species with similar shape.

New species of Didemnidae (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the tropical coast of Brazil.

The family Didemnidae includes 20% of all known ascidians with six genera in the Atlantic. Here, we describe five new species in the Didemnidae from central coastal Brazil. Four species are in the genus Didemnum and were found in Bahia (D. aurantium, D. flammacolor, D. lambertae, D. longigaster), while one Diplosoma (D. citrinum) was found both in Bahia and Espírito Santo.