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1.
Ann Pathol ; 9(3): 195-8, 1989.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2757704

RESUMO

In order to assess the epidemiological and histological distributions of brain tumors in infants under 2 years of age, 100 cases collected in the Neurosurgery Department of Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades in Paris during an 11 year period, were reviewed. Histopathological diagnoses were analyzed with special reference to age at the time of diagnosis, sex, topography and grading. Brain tumors were classified into 2 groups: under one year of age, and between 1 and 2 years of age. Certain neoplasms were reclassified after review of the slides. The male-to-female ratio was 1.09:1 for the first group, and 1.25:1 for the second one. In the group of tumors diagnosed under 1 year of age, 60% were supratentorial, and 40% were infratentorial. The percentages reversed after 1 year of age in favor of those of the posterior fossa. The histopathological distribution of these tumors was assessed in the two groups according to Rorke's classification. The three most common histological types were astrocytoma (27% under 1 year versus 36% after 1 year), ependymoma (25% versus 16%) and medulloblastoma (14% in each group). There was a significantly higher prevalence of some types of tumors in the first year of life as compared with those diagnosed after one year.: ependymomas (25% versus 16%), primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) other than medulloblastomas (9% versus 3.5%), choroid plexus tumors (9% versus 17%), and teratomas (5% versus 1.7%). Craniopharyngiomas (2%) and non-tumoral lesions (vascular malformations) (7%) had similar distributions in both groups. There was a preponderance of malignant tumors in the first year of life. Our study demonstrates that brain tumors diagnosed during the first year of life have characteristic and specific features in terms of topography, histopathological distribution and grading.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/classificação , Neoplasias Encefálicas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino
2.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 42(6): 421-6, 1988.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3219410

RESUMO

An elevated serum thyroglobulin level has been demonstrated in patients with cold nodules, without determination of the exact cause. In this preliminary study, we examined thyroglobulin production in vitro by cells from cold nodules and compared it to that of normal cells taken from the contralateral lobe of the same patient. Cells were cultured in monolayer and in collagen gel. Differences were observed between normal and pathological cells depending upon the culture model. We have attempted to interpret these differences which could result from anomalies in the pathological cells at the level of the apical membrane.


Assuntos
Tireoglobulina/metabolismo , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Tireotropina/administração & dosagem , Fatores de Tempo
3.
Reprod Nutr Dev (1980) ; 28(3A): 563-72, 1988.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3406519

RESUMO

Pineal uptake of two putative neurotransmitters, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and taurine, was investigated during the 24 h-cycle in mice kept in long (14L/10D) or short (10L/14D) photoperiods. Tritiated mediators were intraperitoneally injected and their concentration both in pineal gland and cerebellum were measured at several times along the nycthemere. A circadian rhythm of exogenous GABA uptake was observed in mice kept in long photoperiods: GABA uptake was high during the night, when the gland was active and low during the day. It corresponded to the pineal cycle of indoleamine synthesis. It was particularly sensitive to sudden changes of lighting. In short photoperiods, a similar cycle was observed but the result was not significant because of individual variations. Taurine uptake did not show such a circadian rhythm either in long or in short photoperiods: it was constant and rather low with large variations from one animal to another.


Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano , Glândula Pineal/metabolismo , Taurina/metabolismo , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/metabolismo , Animais , Cerebelo/metabolismo , Luz , Masculino , Camundongos , Periodicidade
4.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 80(4): 428-33, 1987 Apr.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3113363

RESUMO

This study is devoted to a series of 30 anatomical cases of mitral atresia. The left atrium was dilated in 5 cases and hypoplastic in 25. The interatrial ostium was small in 50% of the hearts. Left atrio-ventricular concordance was present in 29 cases, as against 1 case of discordance. There was no atrio-ventricular connection in 29 cases, and the mitral valve was imperforate in 1 case. Connections between the tricuspid valve and the main ventricle were normal in 26 hearts. The tricuspid valve straddled the septum in 4 cases. Five hearts had two ventricles, 25 had a single ventricle. Nine hearts showed no ventriculo-atrial atresia. The main vessels were normally located in 1 case, transposed in 2 and originated in the right ventricle in 2 cases; in the 5 hearts with single ventricle the two main vessels arose from the main cavity. Seventeen hearts had an atresic aortic valve and a hypoplastic ascending aorta; the pulmonary artery arose from the right ventricle in 1 case and from the main chamber of a single ventricle heart in 15 cases. The pulmonary valve was atresic and the aorta arose from the main chamber of a single ventricle heart in 4 cases.


Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas/patologia , Valva Mitral/anormalidades , Valva Aórtica/anormalidades , Átrios do Coração/anormalidades , Ventrículos do Coração/anormalidades , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Valva Pulmonar/anormalidades
5.
Ann Pathol ; 7(3): 223-6, 1987.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3435613

RESUMO

This paper reports our observations of right ventricular biopsies taken from a 23 year old patient with a congestive cardiomyopathy. The ultrastructural examination of these samples revealed coronary capillary and arteriolar spasms, as well as an ischemic aspect of the myocytes. The responsibility of the coronary microcirculation in the genesis of dilated cardiomyopathies has been suspected for a long time. It has recently been demonstrated in the Syrian hamster, but it has never been clearly evidenced in man. The case that we present seems to confirm this hypothesis. The fact that the spasm is a transitory phenomenon and that it most probably does not involve all areas of the myocardium simultaneously could explain the difficulty encountered in observing this phenomenon in endomyocardial biopsies.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/etiologia , Vasoespasmo Coronário/complicações , Miocárdio/ultraestrutura , Adulto , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/patologia , Vasoespasmo Coronário/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Miocárdio/patologia
6.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3107206

RESUMO

Twelve patients underwent haemodynamic studies and myocardial biopsies: 7 with pulmonary stenosis (PS) and 5 with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Their ages ranged between 2 and 43 years. Right ventricular pressure was 128 +/- 43 mmHg in PS and 98 +/- 8 mmHg in TOF. Aortic blood oxygen saturation was 97.0% +/- 1.4% in PS, and 88.4% +/- 6.3% in TOF. Left ventricular (LV) weight was normal in TOF while it was increased in PS: 140.7 +/- 74.3 vs 74.0 +/- 8.7 g/m2 (P less than 0.001). Contractility was altered in both PS and TOF: ejection fractions were 56% +/- 7% vs 65% +/- 6% (P less than 0.001). Light microscopy showed abnormal transverse diameter of left ventricular myocytes in both PS and TOF: 18.6 micron +/- 4.0 micron vs 19.4 micron +/- 4.9 micron. The percentage of interstitium was normal: 29.6% +/- 3.9% vs 26.2 +/- 5.1%. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed hypertrophic changes in all patients and degeneration in 7 of them. Hyperfunctional alterations of the myocytes were characterized by the increased number and reduced size of mitochondria, the enlarged Golgi complex, the increased number of ribosomes, the marked folding and convolutions of the nuclear membrane, the dilatation and tortuosity of T tubules. Myofibrillar lysis was the major degenerative change, which was also observed in the right ventricle (RV) of the same patients. No correlation was observed between these alterations and the patient ages, RV pressures, aortic blood oxygen saturations and ejection fractions. These findings led us to conclude that: (1) suprasystemic pressure overload of the RV induces macroscopic LV hypertrophy; (2) mild and suprasystemic pressure overload of the RV induces hyperfunctional changes in the LV; (3) myocardial degeneration is not related to hypertrophy nor to hypoxia, but is part of a more widespread cardiovascular fetopathy.


Assuntos
Ventrículos do Coração/ultraestrutura , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/patologia , Tetralogia de Fallot/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Núcleo Celular/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Citoplasma/patologia , Feminino , Complexo de Golgi/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Miofibrilas/patologia
7.
Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy) ; 70(209): 27-30, 1986 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3620723

RESUMO

Mucous cells of human bronchial glands contain secretory granules with 5,5-7 nm parallel filaments. In contrast with the glycoproteic-rich mucous granules, filamentary granules exhibit weak reactivity with tannic acid, indicative of proteins. Exocytosis or discharge in glandular lumen are sometimes observed. These original granules may probably represent an additional component of fibrillar matrix in mucus.


Assuntos
Brônquios/ultraestrutura , Grânulos Citoplasmáticos/ultraestrutura , Exocitose , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Muco , Glândulas Sebáceas/ultraestrutura
8.
Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy) ; 70(209): 9-14, 1986 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3620730

RESUMO

To assess the ultrastructural appearance of the trigonal epithelium in the young human female, 12 biopsies in the trigonal area have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The trigonal epithelium is of the stratified squamous nonkeratinizing type and is composed of about twenty cellular layers undergoing a progressive involution from the basal layer toward the surface. In the basal and intermediate layers, Langerhans cells were found, which contain Birbeck granules. As in the urothelium, the intercellular spaces are very distended between the junctional desmosomes. That the trigone has the same embryological origin as the vagina is discussed. It explains the reactivity of the trigonal epithelium to estrogens. Urocytogram is a practical application of these facts.


Assuntos
Bexiga Urinária/ultraestrutura , Adulto , Desmossomos/ultraestrutura , Epitélio/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Humanos , Células de Langerhans/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microvilosidades/ultraestrutura
9.
Hum Reprod ; 1(4): 237-42, 1986 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3558763

RESUMO

In humans, in contrast to other species, sperm capacitation requires a very short time, as in-vitro fertilization has been obtained after only 45 min of contact between oocytes and spermatozoa capacitated for 1 h. No fertilization occurred, whatever the duration of sperm capacitation, when gamete mixing did not exceed 30 min. On the contrary, 85% of cumulus-free mature oocytes exposed to sperm for 1-4 h were fertilized. The presence of the pre-ovulatory, fully-expanded or compact cumulus mass did not represent a physical barrier to sperm progression, as we observed no delay in fertilization when oocytes were enclosed in the cumulus. The use of a short insemination protocol (1-4 h instead of 17-20 h) did not reduce the fertilization rate of denuded or cumulus-enclosed oocytes and had no significant effect on the morphological appearance of the embryos or their cleavage rates.


Assuntos
Fertilização in vitro/métodos , Oócitos/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Capacitação Espermática , Fatores de Tempo
10.
Dev Biol ; 115(1): 193-203, 1986 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2422069

RESUMO

Nucleolar development during cleavage of human embryos in vitro was analyzed using combined autoradiographic and ultrastructural approaches. Human 2- to 4-cell embryos lack functionally active nucleoli. They possess nucleolus-like bodies formed by a homogeneous mass composed of densely packed fine fibrils. The nucleolus-like bodies contain no recently replicated embryonic DNA and do not show any detectable RNA synthesis. Their transformation into nucleoli is a relatively rapid process characterized by progressive infiltration of these bodies by adjacent chromatin, followed by the beginning of RNA synthesis and processing reflected by the appearance of the first nucleolar granules. These changes take place in 6- to 8-cell embryos, probably starting after the third cleavage division. Finally, most frequently in 10- to 12-cell embryos, typical nucleolar structure is established as a result of intranucleolar differentiation giving rise to distinct fibrillar and granular components as well as to nucleolar interstices. It is suggested that this pattern of nucleologenesis, different from that pertinent to mouse embryos (M. Geuskens and H. Alexandre (1984). Cell Differ. 14, 125-134), might be related to the relatively late activation of embryonic rRNA genes transcription and to the expressed rapidity of this process.


Assuntos
Nucléolo Celular/ultraestrutura , Fase de Clivagem do Zigoto/ultraestrutura , Blastômeros/ultraestrutura , Nucléolo Celular/metabolismo , DNA/biossíntese , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , RNA/biossíntese
11.
Ann Pathol ; 5(3): 209-12, 1985.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4074473

RESUMO

The authors report an observation of acute myocarditis characterized by an interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrate associated with patchy acute cell damage. Two consecutive endomyocardial biopsies have been performed which allowed to correlate myocardial alteration with ventricular hemodynamic modifications.


Assuntos
Hemodinâmica , Miocardite/patologia , Miocárdio/ultraestrutura , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Biópsia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Mitocôndrias Cardíacas/ultraestrutura , Contração Miocárdica , Miocardite/fisiopatologia , Miocardite/terapia
12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3925621

RESUMO

An example of mucoid impaction in the culminal bronchus in a potentially asthmatic child is related. Histological sections of the plug showed the characteristic pattern with clusters of eosinophils and other cells within the impacted mucus, which consisted of mainly sulfated glycoproteins. Scanning electron microscopy revealed new data on the three-dimensional structure of the plug. Ten to fifteen micron thick fascicles of partially rolled-up mucous fibres surrounded wide meshes filled with eosinophils and other components. As far as can be determined, this is the first reported ultrastructural description of this particular lesion.


Assuntos
Broncopatias/patologia , Muco , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Microscopia , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Muco/citologia
13.
Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy) ; 68(203): 59-68, 1984 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6242514

RESUMO

This study reports the nuclear alterations during ventricular hypertrophy of human heart. The nuclear length is increased while its diameter remains normal. A large spectrum of morphological alterations was observed: increased foldings and convolutions of the membrane; irregular shape of the nuclei, some of them being dumbbell-shaped; intranuclear pseudo-inclusions; intranuclear tubules. These alterations are related to excessive synthesis of membrane during nuclear growth.


Assuntos
Cardiomegalia/patologia , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Miocárdio/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica
14.
Ann Pathol ; 4(4): 309-12, 1984.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6508887

RESUMO

Secretory granules containing 6-8 nm fine filaments are described in mucous cells of human bronchial glands. In contrast with the strongly marked classical mucous granules, filamentary granules exhibit weak positivity with Thiéry's method providing an easy characterization. Exocytosis in glandular lumen are often observed. These undescribed filaments may probably represent an usual component of fibrillar matrix in bronchial mucus.


Assuntos
Brônquios/ultraestrutura , Glândulas Exócrinas/ultraestrutura , Muco/citologia , Adulto , Idoso , Brônquios/citologia , Glândulas Exócrinas/citologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa/ultraestrutura , Muco/metabolismo
16.
Reprod Nutr Dev (1980) ; 22(2): 371-8, 1982.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7156487

RESUMO

After horseradish peroxidase was injected into the rat pineal gland, isolated and rare labelled perikarya appeared in the central nervous system, particularly in the habenula, colliculi, amygdala, paraventricular and suprachiasmatic nuclei, preoptic area and olfactive centers. This indicates that the innervation of the pineal gland is not only orthosympathetic but that some stimuli can be directly transmitted from the brain to the pineal stalk.


Assuntos
Fibras Nervosas/anatomia & histologia , Glândula Pineal/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Peroxidase do Rábano Silvestre , Masculino , Fibras Nervosas/metabolismo , Glândula Pineal/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos
18.
Sem Hop ; 55(9-10): 480-5, 1979.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-224498

RESUMO

Cytocentrifugation gives an excellent quantitative and qualitative preservation of the cerebrospinal fluid cells. This method permits the study various types of meningeal or ventricular inflammatory changes (acute inflammatory changes with granulocytes, immunitary type or macrophagic changes) and causal diagnosis. During meningitis following bleeding or neurosurgical operation, repeated cytological examinations allow a simple but useful follow up of the evolution during the treatment.


Assuntos
Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/citologia , Meningite/diagnóstico , Criança , Plexo Corióideo/citologia , Técnicas Citológicas , Epêndima/citologia , Humanos , Linfócitos , Macrófagos , Meningite/patologia , Monócitos , Neuroglia/citologia , Neurônios/citologia
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