Physical Activity Among People With Lower Limb Amputation in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Limb loss affects quality of life, well-being, and autonomy. The World Health Organization has launched a global action plan to reduce physical inactivity and presented recommendations of physical activity for people living with disability. Knowledge of the characteristics of people with lower limb amputation regarding physical activity is important. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the quantity and type of physical activity done by people with lower limb amputation. METHODS: The sample (N = 149) included adults aged 53.08 (17.24) years old with lower limb loss. Data collection was performed through the application of a sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical data sheet and the Brazilian version of the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities. RESULTS: The total Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities score was between 0 and 65.79 metabolic equivalents of task per hour per day, which suggests low practice of physical activities. The most frequently practiced activities (79.9%) were those that involved stationary behavior. Women carried out more domestic activities, and subjects who used lower limb prosthesis and those with traumatic amputation reported higher practice of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: People living with lower limb amputation, from different regions of Brazil, have low levels of physical activity and mainly carry out activities of stationary behavior.

Expression levels of specific microRNAs are increased after exercise and are associated with cognitive improvement in Parkinson's disease.

There is a consensus regarding the efficacy of physical exercise in maintaining or improving human health; however, there are few studies examining the effect of physical exercise on the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNA/miRs) in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an interval training program on a cycle ergometer on the expression levels of miR­106a­5p, miR­103a­3p and miR­29a­3p in serum samples from men with PD. This was a quasi­experimental study with pre­ and post­testing and with a non­equivalent group design. The participants were selected based on the eligibility criteria and subsequently classified into two groups: Experimental group and control group. The evaluations were performed at the beginning of the study (week 0) and after 8 weeks of the intervention program (week 9). The interval training program was performed on a cycle ergometer for 30 min, three times a week during an 8­week period. The expression levels of miR­106a­5p, miR­103a­3p and miR­29a­3p in the experimental group were increased after physical exercise and were associated with cognitive improvement in men with PD. However, further studies are required to clarify the potential use of these circulating miRNAs as markers of adaptation to physical exercise. Collectively, the present results indicated that these three miRNAs may be associated with the exercise response and cognitive improvement in men with PD.

Semantic equivalence in Brazilian Portuguese translation of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised.

BACKGROUND: The Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised assesses adjustment to amputation and to using a prosthesis and considers psychosocial adjustment, activity restriction, satisfaction with the prosthesis, and other aspects related to health and physical activities, including residual and phantom limb pain. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the semantic equivalence of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised when translated into Brazilian Portuguese. STUDY DESIGN: Qualitative study. METHODS: The process was conducted in five stages: translation of the questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese; development of a first consensual version in Brazilian Portuguese; appraisal of the translation by an expert committee; back-translation; and semantics assessment of the instrument. For semantic evaluation, the translated and adapted Brazilian Portuguese versions were applied to a convenience sample of 10 individuals. RESULTS: The translated instrument showed a high degree of comprehension within the target population, as it was observed all questions from Part I and II were score 4 or higher on an Ordinal Scale ranging from 0 to 5. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised has a satisfactory verbal comprehension and is now ready for assessment of its psychometric properties. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The process of semantic evaluation of the Brazilian version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised makes available to health professionals and researchers who work with people with amputations initial information on cross-cultural adaptation and degree of comprehension of this scale.

Psychosocial and physical adjustments and prosthesis satisfaction in amputees: a systematic review of observational studies.

Background: Adjustment to amputation is a complex process because it encompasses physical and psychosocial aspects as well as satisfaction with the artificial limb.Purpose: To review the scientific production on psychosocial and physical adjustments to amputation and prosthesis use as well as prosthetic satisfaction in people with lower limb amputation in the last 10 years.Methods: This review was conducted on the MEDLINE via Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. Original and observational studies published in the last 10 years were included, with topics related to adjustment to amputation and prosthesis use as well as prosthetic satisfaction in people with lower limb amputations.Results: A total of 1042 articles were identified in the initial search, but after analysing the criteria 16 articles were used for analysis in their entirety. Regarding psychosocial adjustments, higher rates of depression, anxiety and body image disorders were observed among people with amputations. Phantom and residual limb pain, gender, employment status and daily hours of prosthesis use may influence psychosocial adjustment. Physical adjustment may be influenced by the level of amputation, educational background, age, daily prosthesis use, ambulatory assistive devices and presence of comorbidities. The areas of greatest prosthetic dissatisfaction were colour and weight.Conclusion: Considering that most of the studies related to the satisfaction and adjustment of the prosthesis are cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies should be conducted, since monitoring individuals over the years and verifying how these variables change over time may contribute to obtaining more data on the factors that influence prosthetic fitting and satisfaction.Implications for rehabilitationAdjustment to amputation and prosthesis use involves both physical and psychosocial issues, it is important that besides physical rehabilitation, psychological interventions and education and communication activities between the patient and the health professionals are carried out.The adaptation to the prosthesis and the recovery of walking capacity are important goals in the rehabilitation process and the knowledge of the physical and psychosocial factors associated with amputation and the use of the prosthesis can help the health team to provide better care to these subjects.Well-adjusted, comfortable and easy-to-use prostheses are of great importance as they enable the patient to perform their daily activities and maintain their independence.It is important to encourage the participation of the individual in both rehabilitation and choice of prosthesis.

Atividade física e qualidade de sono em policiais militares / Physical activity and sleep quality in military police officers / Actividad física y calidad del sueño en policías militares

Resumo O estudo objetivou verificar associações entre nível de atividade física, qualidade do sono, sonolência diurna excessiva e características demográficas de policiais militares da Grande Florianópolis. Participaram do estudo 438 policiais militares. Foram usados o questionário Internacional de Atividade Física - IPAQ; o questionário sobre a Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh - PQSI e a Epworth Sleepiness Scale - ESS; e uma ficha com informações sociodemográficas e ocupacionais. Os policiais militares apresentaram alto nível de atividade física e qualidade do sono ruim. Não foram identificadas associações entre o nível de atividade física e a qualidade do sono. Policiais que atuam predominantemente no administrativo são menos ativos comparados com os que atuam em serviços operacionais.

Abstract The study aimed to verify associations between physical activity level, sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and demographic characteristics of military police officers from Florianópolis and neighboring cities. An amount of 438 police officers had participated in the study. The instruments adopted were IPAQ, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI; Epworth Sleepiness Scale-ESS; and a report with sociodemographic and occupational information. Military police officers were characterized by high levels of physical activity and poor sleep quality. Associations between physical activity level and sleep quality were not identified. Police officers that operate predominantly in administrative areas are considered less physically active than those operating in operational services.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la asociación entre nivel de actividad física, calidad del sueño, somnolencia diurna excesiva y características demográficas de la policía militar en Florianópolis y las ciudades vecinas. El estudio incluyó a 438 oficiales de policía. Se utilizaron el IPAQ, el Cuestionario sobre la calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh (PQSI) y la Escala de somnolencia de Epworth (ESS), así como una ficha con información sociodemográfica y laboral. Los participantes presentaron un elevado nivel de actividad física y mala calidad del sueño. No se encontraron asociaciones entre el nivel de actividad física y la calidad del sueño. Los agentes de policía que trabajan predominantemente en los órganos de administración son menos activos que los que trabajan en el servicio operacional.

Effects of physical exercise programs on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of the last 10 years.

BACKGROUND: Given the relative importance of cognitive impairment, there was considerable interest in identifying the cognitive profile of PD patients, in order to ensure specific and appropriate therapeutic interventions. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of physical exercise programs on cognitive function in PD patients, compared with the control group. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, PEDro and Web of Science (last searched in September 2016). STUDY SELECTION: Randomized clinical trials examining the effects of physical exercise programs and cognitive function in PD patients. Nine studies fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in this review. DATA EXTRACTION: Characteristics of the publication, characteristics of the participants, test used for cognitive screening, cognitive domain assessed, tools used to assess cognitive function, characteristics of the experimental intervention, characteristics of the control group, mean results and standard deviation of function cognitive. The PEDro score was used to evaluate methodological quality. DATA SYNTHESIS: Most eligible studies showed good methodological quality based on the PEDro scale. Studies have shown that adapted tango for PD patients, cognitive training combined with motor training, and treadmill training promote the preservation or improvement of cognitive function in PD patients. LIMITATIONS: The diversity of cognitive tests used to assess cognitive function and the high heterogeneity identified between the physical exercise programs. CONCLUSIONS: Physical exercise programs promote positive and significant effects on global cognitive function, processing speed, sustained attention and mental flexibility in PD patients, at a mild to moderate stage for patients with a 6-year clinical diagnosis of PD. However, treadmill training performed 3 times a week for about 60 minutes and for a period of 24 weeks produced larger improvements in cognition.

Police Officers Who Are Physically Active and Have Low Levels of Body Fat Show Better Reaction Time.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between reaction time (RT), level of physical activity (PA), and anthropometric indicators in police officers in Special Operation Units. METHODS: Twenty-two police officers (34.5 ±â€Š9.1 years old) from Santa Catarina, Brazil, who were members of a Special Operation Coordination Unit. RT was measured by the Vienna Test System. Were obtained values of body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), and waist-to-hip ratio. PA was investigated using the Physical Activity Evaluation Questionnaire. RESULTS: Younger police officers (less than 34 years) and BF less than 15% presented better performance in RT when compared with older, and BF more than 15%, respectively. RT was negatively related to PA (rho = -0.48, P < 0.05), and positively related to BF (rho = 0.76, P < 0.01) and to BMI (rho = 0.46, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Participants from the group with greater BF and insufficient PA reacted significantly slower than others.

Motivação para a prática de atividades físicas e esportivas de crianças: uma revisão sistemática / Motivation for the practice of physical activities and sports of children: a systematic review

Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar sistematicamente a produção científica sobre motivação para prática de atividades físicas e esportivas de crianças. Para isso, foram utilizadas as bases de dados: MEDLINE via Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science e SCOPUS (Elsevier) e a estratégia de busca incluiu os descritores propostos no Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) e seus correlatos: "Motivation", "Disincentives", "Disincentive", "Incentives", "Incentive", "Sports", "Sport", "Athletics", "Athletic", "Motor Activity", "Child", "Children". Foram incluídos artigos científicos originais de base populacional ou escolar sem restrição de local e idioma; com amostra de crianças; com temática sobre motivação para a prática de atividade física e esportiva de crianças; com resumos e textos completos disponíveis na íntegra pelo meio online; publicados nos últimos dez anos. Identificou-se que a motivação para a prática de atividades físicas e esportivas é uma temática abordada em todo o mundo, mas observa-se pouca produção específica a respeito no Brasil, apesar da produção científica da área vir aumentando nos últimos anos. Foram incluídos dezoito estudos, os quais demonstraram que a maior parte das crianças valorizavam amizade, manutenção do físico, saúde e peso e status social como aspecto motivacional para a prática de atividades físicas e esportivas, sendo que as meninas valorizavam mais amizades, diversão e manutenção do físico, saúde e peso enquanto os meninos valorizavam mais o desempenho e habilidades, competição, status social e amizades. Assim, devem-se elaborar estratégias de intervenção que abordem tais aspectos, visando a continuidade de participação dos sujeitos.

This study aimed to systematically review the scientific production about motivation for the practice of physical activities and sports of children. Therefore, the databases were used: MEDLINE via PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science and Scopus (Elsevier) and the search strategy included the descriptors proposed in Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) its related: "Motivation," "Disincentives" "Disincentive", "Incentives", "Incentive", "Sports", "Sport", "Athletics", "Athletic", "Motor Activity", "Child", "Children". Composed of original scientific articles of population base or school base without restriction of place and language; with sample of children; with theme on motivation for physical activity and sport for children; with abstracts and full texts available online in free access; published in the last ten years. Identified that the motivation for the practice of physical activities and sports is a subject discussed all over the world, but there has been little production specific in Brazil, despite the scientific production of the subject increase in recent years. Eighteen studies were included, which showed that most children valued friendship, physical maintenance, health and weight and social status as a motivational aspect to the practice of physical activities and sports, and girls valued more friendships, fun and maintenance physical, health and weight while boys more importance to performance and skills, competition, status and friendships. Thus, should develop intervention strategies that approach these aspects, in order to continue participation of the subjects.

Policías militares presentan alteraciones antropométricas, riesgo coronario y una baja calidad de vida / Military policemen present anthropometric alterations, coronary risk and a poor quality of life

Introducción: la labor policial es una de las profesiones más estresantes del mundo, debido a las amenazas físicas, la violencia, las acciones brutales e inclusive la muerte. Objetivo: comparar el nivel de actividad física en el tiempo libre, riesgo coronario, índice de satisfacción con el trabajo, dominio de la calidad de vida y datos antropométricos de acuerdo con el tiempo de servicio en la Policía Militar. Métodos: estudio descriptivo comparativo. La población estuvo compuesta por los efectivos activos del Batallón de Policía Militar de Santa Catarina, localizado en un municipio del Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil (N=224), de 20 junio hasta 30 junio, 2012. Inicialmente, se realizó la anamnesis y posteriormente la aplicación de los cuestionarios ( International Physical Activity Questionnaires versión completa (IPAQ-long), Inventario de Riesgo Coronario, Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI), Rotterdam Symptom Check List (RCSL) adaptado y el cuestionario Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) y la evaluación antropométrica. Resultados: hubo diferencias significativas en la capacidad funcional, dolor, estado general de salud, componente físico, nivel de stress percibido, índice de conicidad, circunferencia abdominal, relación cintura- estatura, grasa corporal relativa y en el puntaje del riesgo coronario de acuerdo con el tiempo de servicio profesional en la Policía Militar. Conclusión: con el aumento del tiempo de servicio en la policía militar, se producen cambios antropométricos, se incrementa el riesgo coronario y baja calidad de vida(AU)

Introduction: The police work is one of the most stressful professions in the world, because of physical threats in your operating field, as these professionals work in their daily lives, with violence, brutality and death. Objective: To compare the level of physical activity during leisure time, coronary risk, satisfaction with work, domains of quality of life and anthropometric data according to professional practice time in the military police. Methods: The sample was composed of military officers who met the eligibility criteria of the study. Initially, subjects were submitted to an interview, application of questionnaires and anthropometric assessment. Results: There were significant differences in functioning, bodily pain, general health, physical component, level of perceived stress, conicity index, waist circumference, waist height, relative body fat and coronary risk score according to the professional practice time in the Military Police. Conclusion: It can be concluded that professional practice time in the military police have anthropometric changes, coronary risk and low quality of life(AU)

microRNAs involved in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.

The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of blood microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in PD in humans. For this purpose the following electronic databases were selected: MEDLINE by Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy included the proposed descriptors in the Medical Subject Headings. There were no restrictions with respect to the language of the publication. In the study selection two independent reviewers initially evaluated studies that were identified by the search strategy according to titles and abstracts. The reviewers evaluated (also unassisted) the complete articles and selected studies according to the eligibility criteria specified above. Studies that were not in accordance with the adopted criteria were excluded according to the boundaries imposed by the search strategy. The following data were extracted from the selected studies: Publication identification, location where the study was conducted, study design, the sample size, the participants' characteristics, the miRNAs involved in PD, the miRNA detection and analysis method, and the type of miRNA dysregulation in PD. Through this systematic review of the literature published over the last 10 years, the expression of 91 different miRNAs were analyzed in the context of PD, with the expression of 39 of these miRNAs differing significantly between individuals with PD and healthy controls and/or between treated and untreated patients with PD. The miRNAs were extracted from mononuclear cells, leukocytes, plasma, serum and peripheral blood, and the majority of the studies used reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), which is considered to be the gold standard for miRNA analysis.

Atividade física de policiais: uma revisão sistemática / Physical Activity of Police Officers: A Systematic Review

La actividad física es un aspecto importante de la salud humana, especialmente las personas que dependen del cuerpo y la mente para el buen desempeño de sus funciones profesionales, como es el caso de la policía. Este estudio se propuso resumir la literatura científica sobre la actividad física de policías, a través de una revisión sistemática. Fueron revisadas las bases de datos MEDLINE, via PubMed, CINAHL y SCOPUS así como artículos identificados a través de una búsqueda manual. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó descriptores relacionados con actividad física y la población de la policía, sin restricción de fecha ni idioma. Con los resultados, se observó que hay estudios incipientes relacionados con la actividad física de la policía. Sin embargo, hubo un nivel inadecuado de actividad física, así como consecuencias cardiovasculares, ortopédicas, sociales y emocionales relacionadas con esta población(AU)

Physical activity is an important aspect of human health, especially for people who depend on the body and mind for good performance of their professional functions, as is the case of the police. This study aimed to summarize the scientific literature on the physical activity of police officers through a systematic review. Medline, PubMed, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases were reviewed as well as articles identified through a manual search. The search strategy included descriptors related to physical activity and the police corps population, with no date or language restriction. The results showed there are incipient studies related to the physical activity of the police corps. However, there was an inadequate level of physical activity, as well as cardiovascular, orthopedic, social and emotional consequences related to this population(AU)

Effects of Physical-Exercise-Based Rehabilitation Programs on the Quality of Life of Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This study aimed to determine the effects of physical-exercise-based rehabilitation programs on quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease through a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. For this purpose the following electronic databases were selected: Medline by PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and PEDro. The search strategy included the proposed descriptors in the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), associated with a sensitive list of terms to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), without year and language restrictions. Fourteen studies were potentially relevant, and these studies were included. Physical-exercise-based rehabilitation programs realized 2-4 times a week, 60 min each session, for 6-12 weeks, and follow-up of 3 months promotes significant positive effects on quality of life in Parkinson's disease patients at mild to moderate stages and disease duration around 6 years.

[Systematic review on the physical activity level and nutritional status of Brazilian children]. / Revisão sistemática sobre nível de atividade física e estado nutricional de crianças brasileiras.

Objective To systematically review the literature on the prevalence and the factors associated with physical activity level and nutritional status of Brazilian children. Methods The electronic database MEDLINE (via PubMed), SciELO, SCOPUS and Web of Science were selected. The search strategy included the descriptors proposed in the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): "Motor Activity", "Activities", "Nutritional Status", "Overweight", "Obesity", "Body Mass Index", "Child", "Brazil". Results The search allowed the identification of 141 articles, of which 16 studies were considered potentially relevant and were included in the review. Conclusions Studies about nutritional status and physical activity levels in Brazilian children are still scarce, but the work on this has increased in recent years, especially those that use cross designs, as well as questionnaires to measure physical activity; BMI for nutritional status is still widely used. Furthermore, studies that analyzed the amount of hours designated to sedentary behaviors such as watching TV, playing video-games and using the computer, found that these activities took more than two hours every day.

Prevalence of physical inactivity among adolescents in brazil: systematic review of observational studies / Prevalencia de inactividad física en adolescentes de brasil: una revisión sistemática de estudios observacionales / Prevalência de inatividade física em adolescentes do brasil: uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais

Aims: To analyze the available evidence on the prevalence of physical inactivity among Brazilian adolescents by means of a systematic review of observational studies. Method: They were used 3 databases and 3 virtual libraries with key descriptors of this subject. After applying the eligibility criteria 22 item were identified. Results: the studies showed that over 50% of adolescents are inactive, identifying a higher prevalence in female adolescents. Furthermore, several factors may interfere in this practice (age, sex, socioeconomic status and sedentary behavior). Conclusion: The physical activity acts as a protective agent for health, becoming important at the adolescence, thus promote public and private policies will serve to enhance the physical activity in this population encouraging healthy habits into adulthood.

Objetivo: analizar la evidencia disponible sobre la prevalencia de la inactividad física en adolescentes brasileños, a través de una revisión sistemática de estudios observacionales. Método: se usaron 3 bases de datos y 3 bibliotecasvirtuales con los descriptores principales de este tema. Despuésde aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad se identificaron 22 artículos. Resultados:los estudios mostraron que más del 50% de los adolescentes soninactivos, identificando una mayor prevalencia en adolescentes de sexofemenino. Por otro lado, varios factores pueden interferir en esta práctica(edad, sexo, nivel socioeconómico y el comportamiento sedentario). Conclusión:la actividad física actúa como un agente protector para la salud,y se torna fundamental en la etapa de la adolescencia, por lo tanto la promociónde políticas públicas y privadas servirán para potenciar la prácticade la actividad física en esta población, fomentando hábitos saludables enla edad adulta.

Objetivo: analisar a evidencia disponível sobre a prevalência de inatividade física em adolescentes brasileiros por meio de uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais. Método: foram utilizadas três bases de dados e três bibliotecas virtuais sendo utilizados os descritores principais desta temática. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram identificados22 estudos. Resultados: os estudos demonstraram que mais do 50%dos adolescentes são inativos, identificando uma maior prevalência no sexo feminino. Por outro lado, existem diversos fatores que podem interferir nesta condição (idade, nível socioeconómico, e comportamento sedentário).Conclusão: a atividade física atua como agente protetor para a saúde, tornando-se fundamental na fase da adolescência, promovendo assim,políticas públicas e privadas que serviram para potencializar a prática de atividade física nesta população fomentando hábitos saudáveis na vida adulta.

Revisão sistemática sobre síndrome de burnout e atividade fisica em professores / Revisión sistemática sobre síndrome de burnout y actividad física en professores / Burnout syndrome systematic review and physical activity in teachers

A profissão docência apresenta características específicas, que podem provocar distúrbios na saúde, como o Burnout. Este desequilíbrio na saúde provoca consequências também à educação e às instituições. Contudo,existem estratégias para amenizar tal situação, como a atividade física. Objetivo:Analisar a produção científica sobre as relações entre a síndrome de Burnout e atividade física em professores, por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Métodos: A revisão seguiu as recomendações da Colaboração Cochrane e The PRISMA Statement e foram realizadas nas bases de dadoseletrônicas MEDLINE via PubMed, SCOPUS (Elsevier), Web of Science ePsycInfo. Resultados: Foram selecionados apenas quatro artigos. Conclusão:Embora sejam poucos estudos, todos os resultados demonstraram o efeito positivo da prática de atividade física ou do exercício físico sobre os índices elevados de exaustão emocional e Burnout, sobre a intenção de migração ou deixar completamente a profissão, bem como a menor propensão ao desenvolvimento do Burnout naqueles fisicamente ativos.

La profesión docente tiene características específicas que pueden causar perturbaciones en la salud, como el Síndrome de Burnout. Este desequilibrio en la salud también provoca consecuencias a la educación y a las instituciones.Sin embargo, hay estrategias para atenuar esta situación, como laactividad física. Objetivo: analizar la literatura científica sobre las relacionesentre el síndrome de Burnout y la actividad física en profesores, a través deuna revisión sistemática. Método: la revisión siguiendo las recomendacionesde la Colaboración Cochrane y La Declaración PRISMA, se llevaron acabo busquedas en las bases de datos electrónicas MEDLINE vía PubMed,Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science y PsycInfo. Resultados: sólo se seleccionaroncuatro artículos. Conclusión: aunque sean pocos estudios, todos losresultados han demostrado el efecto positivo de la actividad física o delejercicio sobre los altos niveles de agotamiento emocional y Burnout, sobrela intención de migrar o dejar completamente la profesión, así como unamenor propensión al desarrollo de Burnout en aquellos físicamente activos.

The teaching profession has specific characteristics which may cause disturbancesin health, such as Burnout. This health imbalance also causes consequencesto education and institutions. Nevertheless, there are strategiesto ease this situation, as well as physical activity. Objective: analyze thescientific literature on the relationship between the syndrome of burnoutand physical activity in teachers, through a systematic review. Method:The review followed the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaborationand The PRISMA Statement and were carried out in electronic databasesMEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science and PsycInfo.Results: Only four articles were selected. Conclusion: Although few studies,all results have shown the positive effect of physical activity or exercise onthe high levels of emotional exhaustion and Burnout, on the intention ofmigration or completely leave the profession, as well as lower propensityto the development of Burnout in those physically active.

Efeitos do Trabalho em Turnos na Qualidade do Sono de Policiais: Uma Revisão Sistemática / Effects of Shift Work on Sleep Quality of Policemen: A Systematic Review

A qualidade do sono do policial é um importante marcador para a qualidade de vida e desenvolvimento de suas atividades profissionais. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo sumarizar a produção científica sobre os efeitos do trabalho em turnos na qualidade do sono de policiais através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Para tanto foram utilizados as bases MEDLINE via Pubmed, CINAHL e SCOPUS e artigos identificados por meio de busca manual. A estratégia de busca incluiu os seguintes descritores relacionados ao turno de trabalho: “Shift-Work Sleep Disorder” OR “Shift-Work Sleep Disorders” OR “Sleep Disorders, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift Work” OR “Shift Work”; ao sono: "Sleep Deprivation"[Mesh] OR “Deprivation, Sleep” OR “Deprivations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Deprivations” OR “REM Sleep Deprivation” OR “Deprivation, REM Sleep” OR “Deprivations, REM Sleep” OR “REM Sleep Deprivations” OR “Sleep Deprivation, REM” OR “Sleep Deprivations, REM” OR “Sleep Fragmentation” OR “Fragmentation, Sleep” OR “Fragmentations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Fragmentations” OR “Sleep”[Mesh] OR “Sleep, Slow-Wave” OR “Sleep, Slow Wave” OR “Slow-Wave Sleep”; e à população: “Police”[Mesh] OR “Police” OR “Police Force” OR “Police Forces” OR “Police Officers” OR “Officer, Police” OR “Officers, Police” OR “Police Officer”; sem restrição de data e idioma. Diante dos resultados, é possível destacar que os policiais que trabalham em turnos rotativos ou noturnos estão expostos a piores qualidades do sono, maiores insatisfações com o trabalho, níveis baixos de alerta, problemas de respiração e ronco, além de maiores índices de lesão e degradada performance de condução.

La calidad del sueño en los policías es un marcador importante de calidad de vida y del desarrollo de sus actividades profesionales. Este estudio se propuso resumir la literatura científica sobre los efectos del trabajo por turnos en la calidad del sueño de policías, a través de una revisión sistemática. Fueron revisadas las bases de datos MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL y SCOPUS así como artículos identificados a través de una búsqueda manual. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó los siguientes descriptores relacionados con el trabajo por turnos: “ Shift-Work Sleep Disorder” OR “Shift-Work Sleep Disorders” OR “Sleep Disorders, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift Work” OR “Shift Work ”; sobre el sueño: " Sleep Deprivation"[Mesh] OR “Deprivation, Sleep” OR “Deprivations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Deprivations” OR “REM Sleep Deprivation” OR “Deprivation, REM Sleep” OR “Deprivations, REM Sleep” OR “REM Sleep Deprivations” OR “Sleep Deprivation, REM” OR “Sleep Deprivations, REM” OR “Sleep Fragmentation” OR “Fragmentation, Sleep” OR “Fragmentations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Fragmentations” OR “Sleep”[Mesh] OR “Sleep, Slow-Wave” OR “Sleep, Slow Wave” OR “Slow-Wave Sleep ”; y la población: “ Police”[Mesh] OR “Police” OR “Police Force” OR “Police Forces” OR “Police Officers” OR “Officer, Police” OR “Officers, Police” OR “Police Officer ”; sin restricción de fecha ni idioma. Con los resultados, es posible destacar que los policías que trabajar en turnos rotativos o nocturnos están expuestos a peor calidad del sueño, mayores insatisfacciones con el trabajo, niveles bajos de alerta, problemas respiratorios y ronquido nocturno, así como mayores niveles de lesiones y degradación de habilidades de conducción.

The sleep quality of police is an important marker for quality of life and development of their professional activities. Thus, this study aimed to summarize the scientific literature on the effects of shift work on sleep quality of police through a systematic literature review. So the MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases and articles identified through a manual search were used. The search strategy included the following descriptors related to shift work: “Shift-Work Sleep Disorder” OR “Shift-Work Sleep Disorders” OR “Sleep Disorders, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift-Work” OR “Sleep Disorder, Shift Work” OR “Shift Work”; to sleep: "Sleep Deprivation"[Mesh] OR “Deprivation, Sleep” OR “Deprivations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Deprivations” OR “REM Sleep Deprivation” OR “Deprivation, REM Sleep” OR “Deprivations, REM Sleep” OR “REM Sleep Deprivations” OR “Sleep Deprivation, REM” OR “Sleep Deprivations, REM” OR “Sleep Fragmentation” OR “Fragmentation, Sleep” OR “Fragmentations, Sleep” OR “Sleep Fragmentations” OR “Sleep”[Mesh] OR “Sleep, Slow-Wave” OR “Sleep, Slow Wave” OR “Slow-Wave Sleep”; and related population: “Police”[Mesh] OR “Police” OR “Police Force” OR “Police Forces” OR “Police Officers” OR “Officer, Police” OR “Officers, Police” OR “Police Officer”; without date and language restriction. Given the results, it is possible to highlight that officers who work rotating shifts or during the night are exposed to worse sleep quality, greater dissatisfaction with work, low levels of alert, breathing problems and snoring, as well as higher rates of injury and degraded driving performance.

[Estimators of internal consistency in health research: the use of the alpha coefficient]. / Estimadores de consistencia interna en las investigaciones en salud: el uso del coeficiente alfa.

Academic production has increased in the area of health, increasingly demanding high quality in publications of great impact. One of the ways to consider quality is through methods that increase the consistency of data analysis, such as reliability which, depending on the type of data, can be evaluated by different coefficients, especially the alpha coefficient. Based on this, the present review systematically gathers scientific articles produced in the last five years, which in a methodological manner gave the α coefficient psychometric use as an estimator of internal consistency and reliability in the processes of construction, adaptation and validation of instruments. The identification of the studies was conducted systematically in the databases BioMed Central Journals, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Medline, SciELO, Scopus, Journals@Ovid, BMJ and Springer, using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analyses were performed by means of triangulation, content analysis and descriptive analysis. It was found that most studies were conducted in Iran (f=3), Spain (f=2) and Brazil (f=2). These studies aimed to test the psychometric properties of instruments, with eight studies using the α coefficient to assess reliability and nine for assessing internal consistency. All studies were classified as methodological research when their objectives were analyzed. In addition, four studies were also classified as correlational and one as descriptive-correlational. It can be concluded that though the α coefficient is widely used as one of the main parameters for assessing internal consistency of questionnaires in health sciences, its use as an estimator of trust of the methodology used and internal consistency has some critiques that should be considered.

Estimadores de consistencia interna en las investigaciones en salud: el uso del coeficiente alfa / Estimators of internal consistency in health research: the use of the alpha coefficient

La producción académica ha aumentado en el área de la salud, exigiendo cada vez más calidad en las publicaciones de gran impacto. Una de las formas de considerar la calidad es por medio de procedimientos que aumentan la consistencia del análisis de los datos, como la confiabilidad, que dependiendo del tipo de datos, puede ser evaluada por diferentes coeficientes, en especial el coeficiente alfa. Basados en lo anterior, la presente revisión reúne sistemáticamente artículos científicos producidos en los últimos cinco años, que de manera metodológica hicieron uso psicométrico del coeficiente α como un estimador de consistencia interna y de confiabilidad en procesos de construcción, adaptación y validación de instrumentos. La identificación de los estudios fue realizada sistemáticamente en las bases de datos Biomed Central Journals, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Medline via Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Journals@Ovid, BMJ y Springer por medio del Portal de Periódicos CAPES, utilizando criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El análisis de los datos fue realizado por medio de triangulación, análisis de contenido y análisis descriptivo. Se obtuvo que la mayoría de los estudios fueron realizados principalmente en Irán (f=3), España (f=2) y Brasil (f=2), estos estudios tuvieron como objetivo testar las propiedades psicométricas de instrumentos, siendo que ocho estudios utilizaron el coeficiente α para evaluar la confiabilidad y nueve para evaluar la consistencia interna. Todos los estudios fueron clasificados como investigaciones metodológicas al analizar sus objetivos. Adicionalmente, cuatro estudios también fueron clasificados como correlacionales y uno como descriptivo-correlacional. Se puede concluir que a pesar de que el coeficiente α es ampliamente utilizado como uno de los principales parámetros para la evaluación de consistencia interna de instrumentos de medición del tipo cuestionario en el área de ciencias de la salud.

Academic production has increased in the area of health, increasingly demanding high quality in publications of great impact. One of the ways to consider quality is through methods that increase the consistency of data analysis, such as reliability which, depending on the type of data, can be evaluated by different coefficients, especially the alpha coefficient. Based on this, the present review systematically gathers scientific articles produced in the last five years, which in a methodological manner gave the α coefficient psychometric use as an estimator of internal consistency and reliability in the processes of construction, adaptation and validation of instruments. The identification of the studies was conducted systematically in the databases BioMed Central Journals, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Medline, SciELO, Scopus, Journals@Ovid, BMJ and Springer, using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analyses were performed by means of triangulation, content analysis and descriptive analysis. It was found that most studies were conducted in Iran (f=3), Spain (f=2) and Brazil (f=2). These studies aimed to test the psychometric properties of instruments, with eight studies using the α coefficient to assess reliability and nine for assessing internal consistency. All studies were classified as methodological research when their objectives were analyzed. In addition, four studies were also classified as correlational and one as descriptive-correlational. It can be concluded that though the α coefficient is widely used as one of the main parameters for assessing internal consistency of questionnaires in health sciences, its use as an estimator of trust of the methodology used and internal consistency has some critiques that should be considered.

What are the Benefits of Exercise for Alzheimer's Disease? A Systematic Review of the Past 10 Years.

To identify and characterize the scientific literature on the effects of exercise on Alzheimer's disease, research was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus. These MeSH terms--"exercise", "motor activity", "physical fitness", "Alzheimer disease", and its synonyms in English--were used in the initial search to locate studies published between 2003 and 2013. After reading the 12 final articles in their entirety, two additional articles, found by a manual search, were included. Of these, 13 had beneficial results of exercise in Alzheimer's disease. Given the results discussed here, the exercise may be important for the improvement of functionality and performance of daily life activities, neuropsychiatric disturbances, cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity components (flexibility, agility, balance, strength), and improvements in some cognitive components such as sustained attention, visual memory, and frontal cognitive function in patients with AD.

Anthropometric indicators of obesity in policemen: a systematic review of observational studies.

The aim of this paper was to summarize scientific literature on obesity in policemen through a systematic review of observational studies. For this purpose the following electronic databases were selected: Medline by Pubmed, CINAHL, and Scopus; and a manual search of the referenced studies concerning this topic was performed. There were no restrictions with respect to the year or language of the publication. Twenty-three studies were identified and 9 articles, considered as potentially relevant, were included. The labor time, shift and career progression promoted changes in body composition. Most of the policemen taking part in the studies included in this paper were overweight (BMI: 25.2-29.3), obese (body fat ≥ 25%), had increased waist (90.4-102 cm) and abdominal perimeters (18.9-90.5 cm), and had a higher risk of chronic disease, which is associated with depression and stress development. Interventional studies are needed for the purpose of proposing preventive and rehabilitation programs, which would result in providing physical and mental well-being, improvement of life quality and, especially, prevention of obesity related to police work.