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The effects of dry-salted and salt-fermented processing on the physicochemical characteristics and microbial communities of Yacai were systematically investigated. The results showed that the contents of total acid, amino acid nitrogen (AAN) and nitrite in the final products of dry-salted Yacai were greater than those in salt-fermented Yacai. Lactic acid was the dominant organic acid in the two types of Yacai. Dry-salted processing is more conducive to forming a high-quality reddish-brown color. During whole pickling process, the microbial diversity of dry-salted Yacai was higher than that of salt-fermented Yacai, particularly in the early and middle stages of fermentation. For dry-salted Yacai, 8 bacteria (Natribacillus, Chromohalobacter, Marinococcus, Lentibacillus, Nesterenkonia, Gracilibacillus, Oceanobacillus and Tetragenococcus) and 1 fungus (Zygosaccharomyces) showed a significant positive correlation with AAN. For salt-fermented Yacai, 8 bacteria (Gracilibacillus, Alkalibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Virgibacillus, Lentibacillus, Salibacterium, Chromohalobacter and Tetragenococcus) and 3 fungi (Zygosaccharomyces, Millerozyma, and Wickerhamomyces) exhibited significant positive correlations with AAN.
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Extensive research has been conducted on the role of CXCR3 in immune responses and inflammation. However, the role of CXCR3 in the reproductive system, particularly in oocyte development, remains unknown. In this study, we present findings on the involvement of CXCR3 in the meiotic division process of mouse oocytes. We found CXCR3 was expressed consistently throughout the entire maturation process of mouse oocyte. Inhibition of CXCR3 impaired the asymmetric division of oocyte, while the injection of Cxcr3 mRNA was capable of restoring these defects. Further study showed that inhibition of CXCR3 perturbed spindle migration by affecting LIMK/cofilin pathway-mediated actin remodeling. Knockout of CXCR3 led to an upregulation of actin-binding protein and an increased ATP level in GV-stage oocytes, while maintaining normal actin dynamics during the process of meiosis. Additionally, we noticed the expression level of DYNLT1 is markedly elevated in CXCR3-null oocytes. DYNLT1 bound with the Arp2/3 complex, and knockdown of DYNLT1 in CXCR3-null oocytes impaired the organization of cytoplasmic actin, suggesting the regulatory role of DYNLT1 in actin organization, and the compensatory expression of DYNLT1 may contribute to maintain normal actin dynamics in CXCR3-knockout oocytes. In summary, our findings provide insights into the intricate network of actin dynamics associated with CXCR3 during oocyte meiosis.
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Actinas , Oócitos , Receptores CXCR3 , Animais , Oócitos/metabolismo , Oócitos/fisiologia , Camundongos , Actinas/metabolismo , Actinas/genética , Receptores CXCR3/metabolismo , Receptores CXCR3/genética , Feminino , Meiose/fisiologia , Camundongos KnockoutRESUMO
Cervical cancer, significantly affecting women worldwide, often involves treatment with bleomycin, an anticancer agent targeting breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cancer cell death. The Peroxiredoxin (PRDX) family, particularly PRDX1 and 2, plays a vital role in maintaining cellular balance by scavenging ROS, thus mitigating the damaging effects of bleomycin-induced mitochondrial and cellular oxidative stress. This process reduces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and prevents cell apoptosis. However, reducing PRDX1 and 2 levels reverses their protective effect, increasing apoptosis. This research highlights the importance of PRDX1 and 2 in cervical cancer treatments with bleomycin, showing their potential to enhance treatment efficacy by managing ROS and ER stress and suggesting a therapeutic strategy for improving outcomes in cervical cancer treatment.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Current methods for imaging reconstruction from high-ratio expansion microscopy (ExM) data are limited by anisotropic optical resolution and the requirement for extensive manual annotation, creating a significant bottleneck in the analysis of complex neuronal structures. METHODS: We devised an innovative approach called the IsoGAN model, which utilizes a contrastive unsupervised generative adversarial network to sidestep these constraints. This model leverages multi-scale and isotropic neuron/protein/blood vessel morphology data to generate high-fidelity 3D representations of these structures, eliminating the need for rigorous manual annotation and supervision. The IsoGAN model introduces simplified structures with idealized morphologies as shape priors to ensure high consistency in the generated neuronal profiles across all points in space and scalability for arbitrarily large volumes. RESULTS: The efficacy of the IsoGAN model in accurately reconstructing complex neuronal structures was quantitatively assessed by examining the consistency between the axial and lateral views and identifying a reduction in erroneous imaging artifacts. The IsoGAN model accurately reconstructed complex neuronal structures, as evidenced by the consistency between the axial and lateral views and a reduction in erroneous imaging artifacts, and can be further applied to various biological samples. CONCLUSION: With its ability to generate detailed 3D neurons/proteins/blood vessel structures using significantly fewer axial view images, IsoGAN can streamline the process of imaging reconstruction while maintaining the necessary detail, offering a transformative solution to the existing limitations in high-throughput morphology analysis across different structures.
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Microscopia , Neurônios , Anisotropia , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por ComputadorRESUMO
This study shows that OsSPL10 is a novel genetic locus of glufosinate resistance in rice. OsSPL10 negatively regulates the expression of OsGS genes and thereby decreases GS activity. Knockout of OsSLP10 thus enhances glufosinate resistance, making it a candidate gene for improvement of crop glufosinate and stress resistance.
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Herbicidas , Oryza , Oryza/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Herbicidas/metabolismo , Aminobutiratos/farmacologia , Aminobutiratos/metabolismoRESUMO
Objective To evaluate the patient-reported outcome(PRO)of patients with breast cancer who underwent autologous breast reconstruction and implant breast reconstruction.Methods Patients who underwent breast reconstruction in Shanghai Cancer Center,Fudan University from Jan 2020 to Jun 2021 were selected,including 111 patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction and 108 patients who underwent implant breast reconstruction.Chinese version Breast-Q2.0 scale,breast cancer specificity scale QLQ-BR23 and EORTC quality of life scale QLQ-C30 were used to investigate the PRO of the two groups 18 months after operation.Results The rate of stage Ⅲ breast cancer in the self-weight construction group was higher than that in the implant reconstruction group(64.9%vs.44.4%,P<0.001).The preoperative neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative radiotherapy in the autologous reconstruction group were higher than those in the implant reconstruction group(P<0.001).Postoperative chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in the autologous reconstruction group were lower than those in the implant reconstruction group(P<0.001).The study based on Breast-Q scale showed that the breast satisfaction of autologous reconstruction group was higher than that of implant reconstruction(59.28±17.20 vs.54.94±14.48,P<0.05).The study based on QLQ-BR23 showed that the self-weight construction group was higher than the implant reconstruction group in the field of arm symptoms(20.02±20.80 vs.12.65±16.18,P<0.05).The study based on QLQ-C30 scale showed that there was no significant difference in all functional areas and symptom areas of patients.There was no significant difference in the number and time of social regression between the two groups.Conclusion Breast reconstruction can improve the PRO of breast cancer patients,and oncology factors will affect the choice of breast reconstruction.Patients with autologous breast reconstruction are more satisfied with breast appearance,but upper limb symptoms such as swelling and pain are more obvious than implant reconstruction,which is related to the higher proportion of axillary lymph node dissection in patients with autologous reconstruction.There is no significant difference in quality of life and social regression between the two groups.
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BACKGROUND/AIM: Cervical cancer (CC) is a high-risk disease in women, and advanced CC can be difficult to treat even with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Hence, developing more effective treatment methods is imperative. Cancer cells undergo a renewal process to escape immune surveillance and then attack the immune system. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Currently, only one immunotherapy drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for CC, thus indicating the need for and importance of identifying key targets related to immunotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on CC and normal cervical tissue samples were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Transcriptome Analysis Console software was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two sample groups. These DEGs were uploaded to the DAVID online analysis platform to analyze biological processes for which they were enriched. Finally, Cytoscape was used to map protein interaction and hub gene analyses. RESULTS: A total of 165 up-regulated and 362 down-regulated genes were identified. Among them, 13 hub genes were analyzed in a protein-protein interaction network using the Cytoscape software. The genes were screened out based on the betweenness centrality value and average degree of all nodes. The hub genes were as follows: ANXA1, APOE, AR, C1QC, CALML5, CD47, CTSZ, HSP90AA1, HSP90B1, NOD2, THY1, TLR4, and VIM. We identified the following 12 microRNAs (miRNAs) that target the hub genes: hsa-miR-2110, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, hsa-miR-520d-5p, hsa-miR-4514, hsa-miR-4692, hsa-miR-499b-5p, hsa-miR-5011-5p, hsa-miR-6847-5p, hsa-miR-8054, hsa-miR-642a-5p, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-6893-5p. CONCLUSION: Using bioinformatics, we identified potential miRNAs that regulated the cancer-related genes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulated these miRNAs. We further elucidated the mutual regulation of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs involved in CC occurrence and development. These findings may have major applications in the treatment of CC by immunotherapy and the development of drugs against CC.
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MicroRNAs , RNA Longo não Codificante , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Imunoterapia , Redes Reguladoras de GenesRESUMO
Neuropathic pain is one of the most common symptoms of clinical pain that often accompanied by severe emotional changes such as anxiety. However, the treatment for comorbidity of chronic pain and anxiety is limited. Proanthocyanidins (PACs), a group of polyphenols enriched in plants and foods, have been reported to cause pain-alleviating effects. However, whether and how PACs induce analgesic and anxiolytic effects in the central nervous system remain obscure. In the present study, we observed that microinjection of PACs into the insular cortex (IC) inhibited mechanical and spontaneous pain sensitivity and anxiety-like behaviors in mice with spared nerve injury. Meanwhile, PACs application exclusively reduced the FOS expression in the pyramidal cells but not interneurons in the IC. In vivo electrophysiological recording of the IC further showed that PACS application inhibited the firing rate of spikes of pyramidal cells of IC in neuropathic pain mice. In summary, PACs induce analgesic and anxiolytic effects by inhibiting the spiking of pyramidal cells of the IC in mice with neuropathic pain, which should provide new evidence of PACs as the potential clinical treatment of chronic pain and anxiety comorbidity.
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Honeysuckle leaves are rich in bioactive ingredients, but often considered as agro-wastes. In this study, honeysuckle leaf extract (HLE) was added to the carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan/konjac glucomannan/gelatin composite edible film (CMKH). Compared to films without HLE addition (CMK), the water vapor barrier properties of CMKH slightly decreased, but the transmittance of the CMKH films in UV region (200-400 nm) as low as zero. The elongation at break of CMKH film was 1.39 â¼ 1.5 fold higher than those of CMK films. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity of CMKH-â ¡ was 85.75% and 90.93%, respectively, which is similar to the equivalent content of Vc. The inhibition rate of CMKH-â and CMKH-â ¡ against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes were close to 90%, and the inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus were up to 96%. The results emphasized that the composite film containing 25% (v/v) HLE has potential application value in food preservation.
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BACKGROUND: Fei Jin Sheng Formula (FJSF) is widely used in clinical treatment of lung cancer. But the underlying active ingredients and mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the active components and functional mechanisms of FJSF in treating lung cancer using a network pharmacology approach and molecular docking combined with vitro experiments Methods: Based on the TCMSP and related literature, the chemical components of related herbs in FJSF were collected. The active components of FJSF were screened by ADME parameters, and the targets were predicted by the Swiss Target Prediction database. The "drug-active ingredient-target" network was constructed by Cytoscape. Disease-related targets of lung cancer were acquired from GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD databases. Then drug-disease intersection target genes were obtained through the Venn tool. GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed via the Metascape database. Cytoscape was used to construct a PPI network and perform topological analysis. Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to analyze the relationship between DVL2 and the prognosis of lung cancer patients. xCell method was used to estimate the relationship between DVL2 and immune cell infiltration in lung cancer. Molecular docking was performed by AutoDockTools-1.5.6. The results were verified by experiments in vitro. RESULTS: FJSF contained 272 active ingredients and 52 potential targets for lung cancer. GO enrichment analysis is mainly related to cell migration and movement, lipid metabolism, and protein kinase activity. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involves PI3K-Akt, TNF, HIF-1, and other pathways. Molecular docking shows that the compound Xambioona, quercetin and methyl palmitate in FJSF has a strong binding ability with NTRK1, APC, and DVL2. Analysis of the data in UCSC to analyze the expression of DVL2 in lung cancer shows that DVL2 was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis shows that the higher DVL2 expression in lung cancer patients was associated with poorer overall survival and poorer survival in stage I patients. It was negatively correlated with the infiltration of various immune cells in the lung cancer microenvironment. Vitro Experiment showed that Methyl Palmitate (MP) can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells, and its mechanism of action may be to downregulate the expression of DVL2. CONCLUSION: FJSF may play a role in inhibiting the occurrence and development of lung cancer by downregulating the expression of DVL2 in A549 cells through its active ingredient Methyl Palmitate. These results provide scientific evidence for further investigations into the role of FJSF and Methyl Palmitate in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Farmacologia em Rede , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Células A549 , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
Single crystals ofLnRu2Ga8andLnCo2Al8(Ln= La and Pr) were grown using a Ga/Al self-flux method. An orthorhombic CaCo2Al8-type structure with space groupPbam(No.55) of them was identified by x-ray diffraction. LaRu2Ga8and LaCo2Al8are Pauli paramagnetic down to 2 K, while PrRu2Ga8and PrCo2Al8show antiferromagnetic (AFM) order at 2.5 and 5 K, respectively. Strong magnetic anisotropy in PrRu2Ga8and PrCo2Al8single crystals was found by an anisotropic magnetic measurement. The field-induced FM state was observed in both PrRu2Ga8and PrCo2Al8forH||c. However, in the case of Hâ¥c, the AFM state is robust. The strong magnetic anisotropy in PrRu2Ga8FM and PrCo2Al8is due to their anisotropic magnetic interactions that FM interactions are dominant in the case ofH||cwhile AFM interactions forHâ¥c.
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Chlorogenic acid (CA) has a wide range of biological activities but the chemical structure is extremely unstable. In this study, CA was grafted onto a soluble oat ß-glucan (OßGH) to improve the stability. Although the crystallinity and thermal stability of CA-OßGH conjugates reduced, the storage stability of CA significantly improved. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging ability of CA-OßGH IV (graft ratio 285.3 mg CA/g) were higher than 90 %, which is closed to activities of equivalent concentration of Vc (93.42 %) and CA (90.81 %). The antibacterial abilities of CA-OßGH conjugates are improved compared to the equivalent content of CA and potassium sorbate. Particularly, the inhibition rate of CA-OßGH for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) are significantly higher than that of gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results demonstrated that covalent grafted CA with soluble polysaccharide is an effective strategy to enhance its stability and biological activities.
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This study intended to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single Hirudo prescriptions in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD) by frequency network Meta-analysis and traditional Meta-analysis. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to collect the randomized controlled trial(RCT) of single Hirudo prescriptions for ICVD from the inception of the databases to May 2022. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by Cochrane risk of bias tool. Finally, 54 RCTs and 3 single Hirudo prescriptions were included. Statistical analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata SE 15. Network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of the clinical effective rate, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) of intervention measures was as follows: Huoxue Tongmai Capsules+conventional treatment>Maixuekang Capsules+conventional treatment>Naoxuekang Capsules+conventional treatment>conventional treatment. Traditional Meta-analysis revealed that in terms of the safety of ICVD treatment, Maixuekang Capsules+conventional treatment had higher safety than conventional treatment alone. According to the network Meta-analysis and traditional Meta-analysis, it was found that conventional treatment combined with single Hirudo prescriptions improved the clinical efficacy of ICVD patients, and compared with that of conventional treatment alone, the incidence of adverse reactions of combined treatment was low and the safety was high. However, the methodological quality of the articles included in this study was generally low and there were large differences in the number of articles on the three combined medication. Therefore, the conclusion of this study needed to be confirmed by subsequent RCT.
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Humanos , Animais , Cápsulas , Metanálise em Rede , Terapia Combinada , Sanguessugas , Prescrições , Transtornos CerebrovascularesRESUMO
Welding operations are widely present in the manufacturing production process, involving a large number of occupational groups, and are the key occupations where work injuries and occupational diseases occur in China. For different welding processes and welding materials, the content and focus of occupational health monitoring are different. At present, the item of occupational health examination in welding operation is in poor consistency with the on-site exposure of occupational hazard factors, and it is mainly concentrated in the stage of disease development, which can not reflect the early health damage caused by welding dust exposure in time. The emergence of biomarkers of welding dust can make up for this defect. Therefore, it is of great significance to describe the current situation of occupational health monitoring of welding dust and summarize the research progress of related biomarkers for the early prevention of diseases caused by welding dust and the practice of occupational health monitoring.
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Saúde Ocupacional , Soldagem , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Poeira/análise , Biomarcadores , Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análiseRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the influence of extending the waiting time on tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiology (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods: Clinicopathological data from 728 LARC patients who completed nCRT treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis. The primary research endpoint was the sustained complete response (SCR). There were 498 males and 230 females, with an age (M(IQR)) of 58 (15) years (range: 22 to 89 years). Logistic regression models were used to explore whether waiting time was an independent factor affecting SCR. Curve fitting was used to represent the relationship between the cumulative occurrence rate of SCR and the waiting time. The patients were divided into a conventional waiting time group (4 to <12 weeks, n=581) and an extended waiting time group (12 to<20 weeks, n=147). Comparisons regarding tumor regression, organ preservation, and surgical conditions between the two groups were made using the t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, or χ2 test as appropriate. The Log-rank test was used to elucidate the survival discrepancies between the two groups. Results: The SCR rate of all patients was 21.6% (157/728). The waiting time was an independent influencing factor for SCR, with each additional day corresponding to an OR value of 1.010 (95%CI: 1.001 to 1.020, P=0.031). The cumulative rate of SCR occurrence gradually increased with the extension of waiting time, with the fastest increase between the 9th to <10th week. The SCR rate in the extended waiting time group was higher (27.9%(41/147) vs. 20.0%(116/581), χ2=3.901, P=0.048), and the organ preservation rate during the follow-up period was higher (21.1%(31/147) vs. 10.7%(62/581), χ2=10.510, P=0.001). The 3-year local recurrence/regrowth-free survival rates were 94.0% and 91.1%, the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 76.6% and 75.4%, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 95.6% and 92.2% for the conventional and extended waiting time groups, respectively, with no statistical differences in local recurrence/regrowth-free survival, disease-free survival and overall survival between the two groups (χ2=1.878, P=0.171; χ2=0.078, P=0.780; χ2=1.265, P=0.261). Conclusions: An extended waiting time is conducive to tumor regression, and extending the waiting time to 12 to <20 weeks after nCRT can improve the SCR rate and organ preservation rate, without increasing the difficulty of surgery or altering the oncological outcomes of patients.
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Lactic acid bacteria fermentation is a commonly applied technique to produce nutritional, functional, and organoleptic enhanced foods. In the present study, protein hydrolysis and Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation were coupled to develop quinoa beverages. Protein hydrolysis effectively promoted the growth and fermentation of L. plantarum. Fermentation alone did not significantly improve antioxidant activity, but the combined use of protein hydrolysis and L. plantarum fermentation significantly improved the antioxidant activity of the quinoa beverage. Nontargeted metabolomics based on UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X/MS and multivariate statistical analysis were performed to reveal the metabolite profile alterations of the quinoa beverage by different processing methods. A total of 756 metabolites were identified and annotated, which could be categorized into 12 different classes. The significant differentially abundant metabolites were mainly involved in primary metabolite metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Many of these metabolites were proven to be vitally important to the function and taste formation of the quinoa beverage. Most importantly, the coupled use of protein hydrolysis and L. plantarum fermentation significantly increased some functional ingredients compared with protein hydrolysis and L. plantarum fermentation alone. The above results indicate that protein hydrolysis coupled with L. plantarum fermentation is an effective strategy to develop functional quinoa beverages.
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Chenopodium quinoa , Lactobacillus plantarum , Antioxidantes/análise , Bebidas , Chenopodium quinoa/metabolismo , Fermentação , Hidrólise , Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolismo , MetabolômicaRESUMO
Essential oils (EOs) have excellent antibacterial activity and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food preservatives. However, the application of EOs is limited because of their strong volatility and easily oxidized. Encapsulation of EOs into nanoemulsions could effectively prevent oxidative deterioration. In this study, lemon essential oil-based nanoemulsion (LEO/NE) was prepared by high-pressure homogenization. FT-IR and encapsulation efficiency analysis indicated that LEO was effectively encapsulated in the nanoemulsion. The results of zeta potential changes after 35 d storage indicated that LEO/NE exhibits good stability at room temperature. The effect of LEO/NE on the main soft rot pathogens of kiwifruit Phomopsis sp. was investigated, and the results showed that LEO/NE significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelia growth of Phomopsis sp. by promoting ROS accumulation, intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities, and cell apoptosis. The preservation experiment was carried out by inoculating Phomopsis sp. spores into fresh kiwifruit, and the LEO/NE effectively inhibited soft rot development in kiwifruit in a LEO dose dependent manner. LEO/NE with 1% LEO loading amount has a good effect on preventing postharvest decay of kiwifruit caused by Phomopsis sp.
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Empathic pain has attracted the interest of a substantial number of researchers studying the social transfer of pain in the sociological, psychological, and neuroscience fields. However, the neural mechanism of empathic pain remains elusive. Here, we establish a long-term observational pain model in mice and find that glutamatergic projection from the insular cortex (IC) to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is critical for the formation of observational pain. The selective activation or inhibition of the IC-BLA projection pathway strengthens or weakens the intensity of observational pain, respectively. The synaptic molecules are screened, and the upregulated synaptotagmin-2 and RIM3 are identified as key signals in controlling the increased synaptic glutamate transmission from the IC to the BLA. Together, these results reveal the molecular and synaptic mechanisms of a previously unidentified neural pathway that regulates observational pain in mice.