Role of natural products in cardiovascular disease.

As the world's aging population increases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) associated with aging deserve increasing attention. CVD in association with age is considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this review, we provide an overview of the key molecular pathways, cellular processes such as autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, myocardial remodeling and ischemia-refocused injury that accompany CVD as well as the natural products of targeting these mechanisms and some of the dietary habits that have been studied in cardiovascular-related diseases. The potential preventive and therapeutic avenues resulting from these dietary habits and natural products related to animal models and clinical studies can help us to better understand the processes involved in cardiovascular diseases and provide recommendations to reduce the cardiovascular burden associated with aging heart.

Status of Research on Sestrin2 and Prospects for its Application in Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Myocardial Aging.

Cardiac aging is accompanied by changes in the heart at the cellular and molecular levels, leading to alterations in cardiac structure and function. Given today's increasingly aging population, the decline in cardiac function caused by cardiac aging has a significant impact on quality of life. Antiaging therapies to slow the aging process and attenuate changes in cardiac structure and function have become an important research topic. Treatment with drugs, including metformin, spermidine, rapamycin, resveratrol, astaxanthin, Huolisu oral liquid, and sulforaphane, has been demonstrated be effective in delaying cardiac aging by stimulating autophagy, delaying ventricular remodeling, and reducing oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, caloric restriction has been shown to play an important role in delaying aging of the heart. Many studies in cardiac aging and cardiac aging-related models have demonstrated that Sestrin2 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulates autophagy, delays aging, regulates mitochondrial function, and inhibits myocardial remodeling by regulation of relevant signaling pathways. Therefore, Sestrin2 is likely to become an important target for antimyocardial aging therapy.