RESUMO
AIM: International collaboration is needed to enable large-scale pharmacogenomics studies in childhood asthma. Here, we describe the design of the Pharmacogenomics in Childhood Asthma (PiCA) consortium. MATERIALS & METHODS: Investigators of each study participating in PiCA provided data on the study characteristics by answering an online questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies, including 14,227 children/young persons (58% male), from 12 different countries are currently enrolled in the PiCA consortium. Fifty six percent of the patients are Caucasians. In total, 7619 were inhaled corticosteroid users. Among patients from 13 studies with available data on asthma exacerbations, a third reported exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid use. In the future pharmacogenomics studies within the consortium, the pharmacogenomics analyses will be performed separately in each center and the results will be meta-analyzed. CONCLUSION: PiCA is a valuable platform to perform pharmacogenetics studies within a multiethnic pediatric asthma population.
Assuntos
Antiasmáticos/uso terapêutico , Asma , Farmacogenética/métodos , Variantes Farmacogenômicos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Administração por Inalação , Antiasmáticos/administração & dosagem , Antiasmáticos/farmacocinética , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Asma/etnologia , Asma/genética , Criança , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Masculino , Grupos Raciais/genética , Inquéritos e Questionários , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This report describes retention in treatment in the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study (CCTS), a multi-site trial of four psychosocial treatments for 487 cocaine dependent patients. Younger, African-American, and unemployed patients were retained in treatment for fewer days than their counterparts. African-American patients who lived with a partner were retained in treatment for less time than if they lived alone. Higher psychiatric severity kept men in treatment longer but put women at risk for dropping out sooner. Patients who completed the full treatment used drugs less often than patients who dropped out, but outcome did not differ at each month. Patients in the drug counseling condition stayed in treatment for fewer days than patients in psychotherapy, but they were more likely to be abstinent after dropout. Patients with higher psychiatric severity were more at risk for continuing to use drugs after dropout.
