RESUMO
The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is the only species of the Canidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) endemic to Brazil, and so far has been the target of few genetic studies. Using microsatellites and mtDNA markers, we investigated its present genetic diversity and population structure. We also tested the hypothesis that this species currently hybridizes with the pampas fox (L. gymnocercus), as suggested by previous mtDNA data from two individuals. We collected tissue and blood samples from animals representing most of the two species' distributions in Brazil (nâ =â 87), including their recently discovered geographic contact zone in São Paulo state. We observed that the hoary fox exhibits high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population structure. We identified six individuals from São Paulo state with clear evidence of hybridization based on introgressed pampas fox mitochondrial DNA and/or admixed microsatellite genotypes (three individuals bore both types of evidence). These results demonstrate the existence of admixed individuals between hoary and pampas foxes in southeastern Brazil, representing the first identified case of interspecies admixture between native South American canids. We discuss our findings in the context of the evolutionary history of these foxes and address potential conservation implications of this interspecies hybridization process.
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial , Raposas , Variação Genética , Hibridização Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites , Filogeografia , Animais , Brasil , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Raposas/genética , Genética Populacional , Canidae/genética , Filogenia , GenótipoRESUMO
Species of sheath-tailed bats in the family Emballonuridae are pantropical in distribution. Ghost bats in the genus Diclidurus (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) comprehend four species that occur in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America. However, distributional records are sparsely documented across this vast area. The objective of this study is to report the first occurrence of D. ingens in Central Brazil, representing a range extension of 850 kilometers.
Espécies de morcegos da familia Emballonuridae são pantropicais. No gênero Diclidurus (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) quatro espécies tem ocorrência nas Américas Central e do Sul. Os registros de ocorrências dessas espécies são esparsamente documentados ao longo dessa vasta distribuição. O objetivo desse estudo é comunicar a primeira ocorrência de D. ingens para o Brasil Central, representando uma extensão de 850 quilômetros na distribuição de D. ingens para o sul do país.
