[Nonspecific immunotherapy with BCG vaccine in bladder tumors]. / Nespetsifichna imunoterapiia s BTsZh vaksina pri tumori na pikochniia mekhur.

Clinical experience is recorded and summarized with the application of BCG vaccine for prophylaxis, treatment and immunochemotherapy of bladder tumors for the period June 1985-January 1988. Included in the study were 85 patients distributed in five groups: 23 patients treated for prevention of relapses; 26 treated for existing and residual surface tumors; 13 in whom BCG vaccine F-70 was applied for prophylaxis purpose; 17 with surface tumors treated only surgically--control group; 10 patients with advanced bladder tumor treated with immunochemotherapeutic agents. Once the results have been reported and discussed, the following inferences were made: 1. Intravesical BCG vaccine is a new effective and practicable method for prophylaxis and treatment of surface bladder tumors; 2. A 12-month course of treatment with the new Bulgarian Kalgevax showed high therapeutic activity; 3. Indications and possibilities for treatment of existing and residual surface tumors with intravesical BCG vaccine are given; complete effect of treatment was obtained in 21 patients (81 per cent); 4. The side reactions of the application of BCG vaccine and the possibilities for their reduction are presented; 5. The first results of application of immunotherapy in advanced bladder tumors are encouraging.

[Lord's operation in the treatment of idiopathic hydrocele]. / Operatsiiata na Lord pri lechenieto na idiopatichnoto khidrotsele.

In spite of observing the requirements for thorough hemostasis and minimal trauma, the routine methods applied so far for treatment of idiopathic hydrocele have shown high percentage of postoperative complications. In a search for a more reliable and atraumatic operative method, since November 1988 the authors have performed operative treatment in 14 patients by the method of Lord. The operative technique is presented and the first results reported. Although the early results were good, for an overall appraisal of the possibilities of this method it will be necessary to gain more experience and then make comparative assessment with the routine methods applied thus far.