RESUMO
The traditional aviary decontamination process involves farmers applying pesticides to the aviary's ground. These agricultural defenses are easily dispersed in the air, making the farmers susceptible to chronic diseases related to recurrent exposure. Industry 5.0 raises new pillars of research and innovation in transitioning to more sustainable, human-centric, and resilient companies. Based on these concepts, this paper presents a new aviary decontamination process that uses IoT and a robotic platform coupled with ozonizer (O3) and ultraviolet light (UVL). These clean technologies can successfully decontaminate poultry farms against pathogenic microorganisms, insects, and mites. Also, they can degrade toxic compounds used to control living organisms. This new decontamination process uses physicochemical information from the poultry litter through sensors installed in the environment, which allows accurate and safe disinfection. Different experimental tests were conducted to construct the system. First, tests related to measuring soil moisture, temperature, and pH were carried out, establishing the range of use and the confidence interval of the measurements. The robot's navigation uses a back-and-forth motion that parallels the aviary's longest side because it reduces the number of turns, reducing energy consumption. This task becomes more accessible because of the aviaries' standardized geometry. Furthermore, the prototype was tested in a real aviary to confirm the innovation, safety, and effectiveness of the proposal. Tests have shown that the UV + ozone combination is sufficient to disinfect this environment.
Assuntos
Robótica , Animais , Aves Domésticas , Raios Ultravioleta , Galinhas , Descontaminação/métodos , Desinfecção/métodos , Ozônio/química , Internet das CoisasRESUMO
This study aimed to verify the existence of genotypeenvironment interaction and performance of Santa Inês sheep in confinement and on pasture. Eighty-two Santa Ines lambs at 75-135 days of age were used. The adaptation period lasted 22 days. Animals were from five different farms, 30 animals were kept on pasture for 112 days and 52 animals were kept in confinement for 85 days. Animals were evaluated on weight gain (WG), body length (BL), thoracic perimeter (TP), hip height (HH), breast height (BH), rib-eye area (REA) and fat thickness (FD) using ultrasound, and scrotal circumference (SC), worm load (FEC) and body condition score (CS). An index (FI) was calculated using the measures taken. The SAS® software was used for statistical analysis. There was a statistical difference among animals for type of test (confinement or pasture) for WG, REA, FD, SP as well as FI. Measures for animals in confinement were generally higher than for animals on pasture, except for FI and SP. The age at the start of the test did not influence the expression of characteristics. There was no evidence found of a genotypeenvironment interaction for Santa Ines breed animals in weight gain on pasture and in confinement for the evaluated characteristics.KEYWORDS: fat thickness; index; rib eye area; subjective evaluation; ultrasound.
Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a existência de interação genótipo ambiente e o desempenho de ovinos mantidos em confinamento e a pasto. Foram utilizados oitenta e dois borregos da raça Santa Inês de 75 a 135 dias de idade. O período de adaptação foi 22 dias. Oriundos de cinco fazendas diferentes, 30 animais permaneceram 112 dias a pasto e 52 animais permaneceram 85 dias sob regime de confinamento. As características mensuradas nos animais foram ganho em peso(GP), comprimento do corpo (CC), perímetro torácico (PT), altura da anca (AA), altura do peito (AP), área de olho de lombo (AOL) e espessura de gordura por ultrassom (EG), perímetro escrotal (PE), número ovos/grama de fezes (OPG) e escore corporal (EC). Um índice (IPGP) foi criado incorporando as características medidas. O software SAS® foi utilizado para as análises estatísticas. Houve diferença entre os animais para o tipo de teste (confinamento ou pasto) para as características GP, AOL, EG, PE e IPGP. Os animais em confinamento apresentaram resultados superiores aos do pasto para as características de ganho em pesoe inferiores para o IPGP e PE. A idade dos animais no início do teste não mostrou influencia sobre a expressão das características. Não houve evidência de interação genótipo x ambiente para animais da raça Santa Inês nas provas de ganho em pesoa pasto e em confinamento para as características avaliad
RESUMO
This study aimed to verify the existence of genotypeenvironment interaction and performance of Santa Inês sheep in confinement and on pasture. Eighty-two Santa Ines lambs at 75-135 days of age were used. The adaptation period lasted 22 days. Animals were from five different farms, 30 animals were kept on pasture for 112 days and 52 animals were kept in confinement for 85 days. Animals were evaluated on weight gain (WG), body length (BL), thoracic perimeter (TP), hip height (HH), breast height (BH), rib-eye area (REA) and fat thickness (FD) using ultrasound, and scrotal circumference (SC), worm load (FEC) and body condition score (CS). An index (FI) was calculated using the measures taken. The SAS® software was used for statistical analysis. There was a statistical difference among animals for type of test (confinement or pasture) for WG, REA, FD, SP as well as FI. Measures for animals in confinement were generally higher than for animals on pasture, except for FI and SP. The age at the start of the test did not influence the expression of characteristics. There was no evidence found of a genotypeenvironment interaction for Santa Ines breed animals in weight gain on pasture and in confinement for the evaluated characteristics.KEYWORDS: fat thickness; index; rib eye area; subjective evaluation; ultrasound.
Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a existência de interação genótipo ambiente e o desempenho de ovinos mantidos em confinamento e a pasto. Foram utilizados oitenta e dois borregos da raça Santa Inês de 75 a 135 dias de idade. O período de adaptação foi 22 dias. Oriundos de cinco fazendas diferentes, 30 animais permaneceram 112 dias a pasto e 52 animais permaneceram 85 dias sob regime de confinamento. As características mensuradas nos animais foram ganho em peso(GP), comprimento do corpo (CC), perímetro torácico (PT), altura da anca (AA), altura do peito (AP), área de olho de lombo (AOL) e espessura de gordura por ultrassom (EG), perímetro escrotal (PE), número ovos/grama de fezes (OPG) e escore corporal (EC). Um índice (IPGP) foi criado incorporando as características medidas. O software SAS® foi utilizado para as análises estatísticas. Houve diferença entre os animais para o tipo de teste (confinamento ou pasto) para as características GP, AOL, EG, PE e IPGP. Os animais em confinamento apresentaram resultados superiores aos do pasto para as características de ganho em pesoe inferiores para o IPGP e PE. A idade dos animais no início do teste não mostrou influencia sobre a expressão das características. Não houve evidência de interação genótipo x ambiente para animais da raça Santa Inês nas provas de ganho em pesoa pasto e em confinamento para as características avaliad