Ratiometric fluorescence chemodosimeter for hydrazine in aqueous solution and gas phase based on Quinoline-Malononitrile.

The widespread use of Hydrazine (N2H4) in many areas of the chemical industry, brings potential risks to human health and environmental pollution. To detect N2H4 effectively, a simple ratio fluorescence probe (QMM), designed and synthesized through Vilsmeier reaction and Knoevenagel reaction, was prepared for the specific response of N2H4 based on the irreversible chemical reaction. The ratiometric fluorescence chemodosimeter displayed a response for hydrazine with high selectivity, sensitivity and anti-interference ability. The measured detection limit is 38.30 nm (0.122 ppb), which is far lower than the maximum allowable level of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (10 ppb). Moreover, test paper and TLC plates loading QMM had been made, which could be utilized to detect hydrazine both in aqueous solution samples and in gas phase samples. Thus QMM could serve as an easily manufactured, low-cost, efficient and portable solid-state optical probe to detect hydrazine in field measurements.

Two new polyketides from a marine sediment-derived fungus Eutypella scoparia FS26.

Two new polyketides, 7,8-dihydroxy-3,5,7-trimethyl-8,8a-dihydro-1H-isochromen-6(7H)-one (1) and 6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4-diol (2), together with a known nitrogen-containing polyketide (cytochalasin-type of metabolites), [12]-cytochalasin (3), have been isolated from the fermentation broth of a marine sediment-derived fungus Eutypella scoparia FS26 obtained from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. The absolute configurations of compound 1 were determined by NOESY analysis and the literature data were compared with circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effects on MCF-7, NCI-H460 and SF-268 cell lines of all compounds were evaluated by the sulforhodamine B method.

Scopararanes C-G: new oxygenated pimarane diterpenes from the marine sediment-derived fungus Eutypella scoparia FS26.

Five new oxygenated pimarane diterpenes, named scopararanes C-G (1-5) were isolated from the culture of a marine sediment-derived fungus Eutypella scoparia FS26 obtained from the South China Sea. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-5, were determined by CD spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. All isolated compounds (1-5) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 tumor cell lines by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method.

Panajaponin, a new glycosphingolipid from Panax japonicus.

Panajaponin, a new glycosphingolipid compound (1), together with eight known compounds, 28-glu-oleanolic acid ester (2), chikusetsusaponin IVa (3), chikusetsusaponin IV (4), ginsenoside Ro (5), ginsenoside Re (6), notoginsenoside R2 (7), ginsenoside Rg2 (8) and adenosine (9), was isolated from Panax japonicus, and the structures of all of the compounds were established on the basis of NMR and MS spectra.

The anti-ulcer activities of bisabolangelone from Angelica polymorpha.

AIM OF THE STUDY: Evaluate the anti-ulcer effects of bisabolangelone from Angelica polymorpha Maxim and provide the basic data to further study for the Angelica polymorpha and bisabolangelone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bisabolangelone was isolated from Angelica polymorpha Maxim collected from Shennongjia Forest District of China. The structure of bisabolangelone was elucidated by NMR and MS spectrums. The anti-ulcer effects were evaluated with length of lesion (mm) and activity of H(+)/K(+)-ATPase in two models induced by ethanol and Pylorus ligation. Experimental groups were administered with different doses of bisabolangelone (3.8, 7.6 and 15.3 mg/kg). The positive control group was administered omeprazole with a dose of 3.3 mg/kg. RESULTS: Bisabolangelone significantly reduced the length of lesion (3.8, 7.6 and 15.3 mg/kg, P<0.01), inhibited the activity of H(+)/K(+)-ATPase (3.8, 7.6 and 15.3 mg/kg, P<0.01), decreased the volume of gastric juice (7.6 and 15.3 mg/kg, P<0.05), and increased the pH value of gastric juice (7.6 and 15.3 mg/kg, P<0.01, 3.8 mg/kg, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bisabolangelone is the main anti-ulcer active compound of Angelica polymorpha, and remarkably preventive and therapeutic action on gastric ulcer. It is possible that bisabolangelone inhibited the activity of the H(+)/K(+)-ATPase, then reducing the secretion of H(+), and the anti-ulcer mechanism of bisabolangelone was deserved to be further studied.

Structural elucidation of four new furostanol saponins from Tupistra chinensis by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.

Four new furostanol saponins (1-4), two pairs of diastereoisomers, were isolated from methanolic extracts of Tupistra chinensis rhizomes and their structures were assigned from (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra, DEPT, and by 2D COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments.

[Chemical constituents of antibacterial activity fraction of Angelica polymorpha].

OBJECTIVE: To study chemical constituents of antibacterial activity fraction of Angelica polymorpha. METHODS: Compounds were isolated by repeatedly silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization. Their structures were identified by physical and chemical evidences and spectral methods. RESULTS: Seven compounds were obtained from the antibacterial activity fraction, their structures were elucidated as: bisabolangelone(I), isoimperatorin (II), oxypeucedanine(III), isooxypeucedanine(IV), oxypeucedanin hydrate(V), bergapten(VI), pabulenol(VII). CONCLUSION: Bisabolangelone(I) is obtained from this plant for the first time. Compound (II)-(VII) belong to linear furanocourmarins.

New polyhydroxylated furostanol saponins with inhibitory action against NO production from Tupistra chinensis rhizomes.

Two furostanol saponins were obtained from the rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis Bak. Their structures were determined as 5beta-furost-delta(25(27))-en-1beta,2beta,3beta,4beta,5beta,7alpha,22xi,26-octaol-6-one-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 5beta-furost-delta(25(27))-en-1beta,2beta,3beta,4beta,5beta,6beta,7alpha,22xi,26-nonaol-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Both compounds displayed marked inhibitory action against NO production in rat abdomen macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 40 microg/mL.

An 18-norspirostanol saponin with inhibitory action against COX-2 production from the underground part of Trillium tschonoskii.

A novel 18-norspirostanol saponin (1), along with Trillenoside A (2), was obtained from the underground parts of Trillium tschonoskii MAXIM., collected in Shennongjia Forest District, China. Based on the chemical and spectroscopic evidences, their structures were determined as shown in Fig. 1. 1 and 2 displayed marked inhibitory action towards COX-2 production in macrophagocytes of the mouse abdominal cavity stimulated by LPS at 10 microg/ml.

Subclass opioid receptors associated with the cardiovascular depression after traumatic shock and the antishock effects of its specific receptor antagonists.

The present available opioid receptor antagonists such as naloxone and naltrexone are not highly receptor selective. They may antagonize mu opioid receptors to affect the pain threshold of the patients with traumatic shock while they exert antishock effects. Therefore, they are not suitable for traumatic shock. It is very important to elucidate the subclass of opioid receptors that are closely associated with cardiovascular depression of traumatic shock and then choose their specific receptor antagonists to treat it. Traumatic shock was used in pentobarbital-anesthetized Wistar rats by right femur fracture plus hemorrhage (fixed hemorrhage at a rate of 20 mL/kg in experiment 1 or hemorrhage to 40 mmHg mean arterial blood pressure for 60 min in experiments 2 and 3), and the changes of myocardial and brain opioid receptors after traumatic shock, the antagonizing effects of mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptor antagonists on the cardiovascular depression of traumatic shock and the antishock effects of delta and kappa opioid receptor antagonists ICI174,864 and Nor-binaltorphimine (Nor-BNI) were observed. The results indicate that after traumatic shock, the number of myocardial and brain delta and kappa opioid receptors were significantly increased that were significantly associated with the decreased cardiovascular functions. mu Opioid receptors in the heart and brain did not change significantly. Intracerebral ventricular administration of ICI174,864 and Nor-BNI significantly antagonized the decreased cardiovascular function after traumatic shock and increased the survival rate of traumatic shock rats, but mu opioid receptor antagonist beta-funaltrexamine did not. Meanwhile, intravenous administration of delta and kappa opioid receptor antagonists ICI174,864 and Nor-BNI also significantly increased the mean arterial blood pressure, improved the hemodynamic parameters, and prolonged the survival rate of traumatic shock rats. These findings suggest that opioid receptors are involved in the cardiovascular depression of traumatic shock, and the subclass receptors are mainly delta and kappa opioid receptors. delta and kappa opioid receptor antagonists have good beneficial effects on traumatic shock.

Opioid receptors associated with cardiovascular depression following traumatic hemorrhagic shock in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate which one of &mgr;, delta and kappa opioid receptors is involved in the cardiovascular depression following traumatic hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: With traumatic hemorrhagic shock rat models, the changes of myocardial and brain &mgr;, delta and kappa opioid receptors and cardiovascular functions and their relationship with hemodynamic parameters were observed. The effects of delta and kappa opioid receptor antagonists on hemodynamic parameters of traumatic hemorrhagic shock rats were observed. RESULTS: Following traumatic hemorrhagic shock, the number of myocardial and brain delta and kappa opioid receptors significantly increased, their affinity did not alter, and the increased number of delta and kappa opioid receptors was significantly associated with the decreased hemodynamic parameters. However, &mgr; opioid receptor in heart and brain did not obviously change. delta opioid receptor antagonist ICI174,864 and kappa opioid receptor antagonist Nor-binaltorphimine (50 &mgr;g, Icv) could significantly reverse those decreased hemodynamic parameters. CONCLUSIONS: It suggests that opioid receptors, especially delta and kappa opioid receptors are closely related to the pathogenesis of traumatic hemorrhagic shock, and they play important roles in the depression of cardiovascular function following traumatic hemorrhagic shock.