Influencing factors on thyroid volume in school-age children aged 8-10 years in Tianjin / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the status and the influencing factors of thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 years in Tianjin. Methods Among the 1-2 primary schools were randomly selected from 12 districts in Tianjin. A total of 1 090 children were selected by class cluster sampling method (half male and half female, with a balanced age distribution). A questionnaire survey was conducted. Children’s height, weight and thyroid volume were measured, and their salt iodine content and urinary iodine content were detected. Results I n this study, the median urinary iodine in children was 161.35 µg/L, the mean thyroid volume was 2.56 mL, and the goiter rate was 3.58%. Univariate analysis showed that age, BSA, salt iodine content, urinary iodine content, eating habits, food taste, eating lunch at school, father's work, anxiety and depression, pressure, and different regional grouping were the influencing factors of thyroid volume (P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression showed that BSA, age, food taste, and urinary iodine content had significant independent effects on thyroid volume (P<0.05). Conclusion In Tianjin, the iodine nutrition level of children aged 8-10 years is at an appropriate level. When evaluating the thyroid volume of children, in addition to age factors, other factors such as physical development level and iodine intake should also be considered.

High grade B cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC rearrangement and 11q aberrations:a clinicopathological analysis / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,molecular genetics and prognosis of high grade B cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC rearrangement and 11q aberra-tions(HGBCL-MYC-11q).MethodsThree cases of HGBCL-MYC-11q were reviewed and analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin staining,immunohistochemistry,EBER in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization.Clinical data were collected with follow-up.Results All three patients were male,age was 10,61,and 74 years,respectively.All patients had Ann Arbor stage Ⅳ disease.All three cases were biopsies occurring in the nasopharynx,upper pharynx and ileocecus,respectively.Three cases were morphologically similar to diffuse infiltrative growth of tumor cells,moderate or moderately large cells,round to slightly irregular nuclei and easily visible mitotic figures.Focal necrosis was noted in one case.One case exhibited the distinct"starry sky"pattern.All cases expressed CD20,BCL6 and MUM1 and high Ki67 index,two cases expressed CD10 and two cases ex-pressed BCL2.CD3,CD30 and TDT were all negative.EBER in situ hybridization was all negative.FISH analyses using C-MYC break-apart probes were all positive and all cases had 11q aberrations.One case only had the 11q23.3 amplification;and one case only had the 11q24.3 loss.After a follow-up for 1-18 months,one patient died and two patients survived with disease.ConclusionHGBCL-MYC-11q is rare,morphologically similar to BL/HGBCL,with MYC rearrangement and 11q abnormali-ties.We should enhance awareness of the disease and improve more accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease.

Tear film stability and tarsal gland morphological characteristics in myopic children / 眼科新进展

Objective To assess the tear film stability and morphological characteristics of the tarsal gland in myopic children.Methods In this prospective descriptive study,myopic children who performed refractive examinations in the Pediatric Ophthalmology & Refraction Clinic,Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022 were in-cluded.An Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire survey was carried out;tear meniscus height(TMH),non-invasive first breakup time(NIf-BUT)and images of the tarsal glands were obtained by OCULUS Keratograph 5M compre-hensive ocular surface analyzer.In addition,the atrophy and tortuosity of tarsal glands were scored to analyze the tear film stability and clinical characteristics of tarsal glands in myopic children.Results A total of 48 myopic children(91 eyes)aged from 7 to 16(10.25±2.23)years were recruited,including 27 males(56.25％)and 21 females(43.75％).The aver-age TMH was(0.19±0.04)mm(95％CI:0.18-0.19)and the average NIf-BUT was(5.40±2.62)s(95％CI:4.90-5.94);the TMH was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.223,P=0.034).The tarsal gland atrophy score was 1(0,1).The tortuosity score of the upper and lower tarsal gland was 0(0,1)and 0(0,0),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(Z=3.692,P＜0.001).In all subjects,49 eyes(53.85％)had tarsal gland atrophy,and 37 eyes(40.66％)had tarsal gland tortuosity.There were significant differences in TMH and NIf-BUT between children aged＜12 years and children aged ≥12 years(both P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in TMH between children with an OSDI score＜13 and children with an OSDI score ≥ 13(t=2.305,P=0.026).There was a significant difference in NIf-BUT between mild and moderate myopia children(t=2.300,P=0.024);the spherical equivalent was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.283,P=0.023).Conclusion Children with mild to moderate myopia show low tear film stability and a certain proportion of abnormal morphology in tarsal glands.In addition to the refractive status of children,attention should also be paid to ocular surface health in the refraction clinic.

Novel mutation in SCO2 of patients with high myopia from Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of China / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the pathogenic variants of the SCO2(OMIM 604272)gene in patients with high myopia from Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of China.METHODS: A total of 384 patients with high myopia whose spherical refractive error was ≤ -6.00 D and whose axial length was ≥26.00 mm in at least one eye were recruited. DNA was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method from 5 mL of peripheral venous blood. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify pathogenic variants in exon 2 of SCO2. The detected variants were evaluated via in silico prediction software. A total of 288 people from the same district were included as the normal control cohort.RESULTS: Seven variants were detected, namely, four synonymous variants(c.201C&#x0026;#x003E;T/p.=, c.576C&#x0026;#x003E;T/p.=, c.633A&#x0026;#x003E;C/p.=, c.780T&#x0026;#x003E;C/p.=.), two missense variants(c.187A&#x0026;#x003E;G/p.Ile63Val, c.59G&#x0026;#x003E;C/p.Arg20Pro)and one nonsense variant(c.544C&#x0026;#x003E;T/p.Gln182*). The two missense variants were not damaging, as predicted by PolyPhen2, SIFT and Provean. The novel nonsense variant(c.544C&#x0026;#x003E;T/p.Gln182*)cannot be found in the 1000 Genomes Project and was not identified in 288 normal controls. Variant Taster suggested that the nonsense variant site was conserved.CONCLUSION: The newly identified nonsense mutation may be responsible for high myopia of the patients in our cohort. SCO2 is associated with high myopia, while the incidence of SCO2 variants in high myopia in this cohort was as low as 1/384; the nonsense mutation may be a scarce variant of high myopia in the Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of China.

Efficacy of bioactive compounds of Chaihu () on glaucomatous optic atrophy through interleukin-6/hypoxia inducible factor-1α signal pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bioactive compounds of Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) (RB) on glaucomatous optic atrophy (GOA), and to study the pharmacological mechanism. METHODS: We collected information on the bioactive compounds of RB from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Targets related to bioactive compounds and GOA were also obtained. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and network analyses were performed to investigate the potential mechanism of RB against GOA. Subsequently, the main bioactive compounds of RB and targets of GOA were docked by Autodock software. Moreover, a GOA model of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) induced by cobalt chloride was established to verify the effect of RB on GOA. RESULTS: There were 17 main bioactive compounds and 46 key targets were screened as potential players in GOA. The compound-target network mainly contained 17 compounds and 46 corresponding targets, and the key targets consisted of interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF1A), Caspase-3, estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), MYC proto-oncogene (MYC), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Forty-nine significantly enriched GO terms, and 134 KEGG signaling pathways were identified (P < 0.05), including HIF-1, tumor necrosis factor, VEGF, prolaction, and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the main bioactive compounds of RB exhibited the strongest binding activity with IL-6. Furthermore, experimental validation showed that the RB extract inhibited the activity and promoted apoptosis of RGCs in a dose-dependent manner. The RB extract also suppressed the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 and regulated malonaldehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxide by inhibiting the IL-6/HIF-1α signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provided insights into the mechanism of RB on GOA. RB mainly reverses GOA by inhibiting the IL-6/HIF-1α signaling pathway.

Application of a comprehensive risk assessment method for occupational disease hazards of employers in occupational health classification management of wooden furniture manufacturing factories / 环境与职业医学

Background The contradiction between science and operability has always existed in the model of classified occupational health supervision and management. Comprehensive risk assessment method for occupational disease hazards of employers provides risk grading and classification for occupational health management, and it's a new attempt to explore classification supervision and law enforcement. Objective To apply a comprehensive risk assessment method for occupational disease hazards of employers to estimate health risk level of wood furniture enterprises, discuss its advantages and disadvantages, and provide a basis for improving the classified management of occupational health. Methods Seven typical factories were selected in counties with highly concentrated wooden furniture manufacturing. Occupational health field investigation and testing were carried out to estimate occupational disease hazard risk level (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ). A self-rated checklist was applied to score occupational health management status by interviewing employers, one by one, and to determine occupational health management status grade (A, B, and C) by the score. Thus, a comprehensive risk level (Class A, Class B, and Class C) of a specific factory was obtained from a matrix of occupational disease hazard risk level and management status grade. Risk verification was carried out based on any abnormality reported by regular occupational physical examination in past 3 years. Results Defects in occupational health management were identified in all 7 factories, among which 6 were grade C with key nonconformities (poor), and 1 was grade B (medium). Disqualified occupational disease hazards were found in 6 of 7 factories, and the workstation-specific disqualified rates were 26.09% (12/46) for noise, 14.71% (5/34) for wood dust (hard), and 12.50% (1/8) for xylene. Level Ⅱ (medium) of occupational disease hazard risk was estimated in 5 of 7 factories, while level Ⅲ (high) in 2 factories. All 7 factories were class C (high risk) accessed by the comprehensive risk assessment method for occupational disease hazards. The occupational health surveillance documents showed 636 batches of regular occupational physical examination were ordered by the 7 employers, and a total of 37 workers from 5 factories reported abnormalities in physical examination, among which 3 workers reported dust exposure and 34 workers reported noise exposure. Conclusion The comprehensive risk assessment method for occupational disease hazards of employers is not able to perform with satisfaction in occupational health classification of wooden furniture manufacturing factories yet. It is necessary to expand the pilot to improve this assessment method and develop an efficient supervision mechanism to ensure the authenticity of the data before it is popularized and applied in classified occupational health management.

Clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of four patients with central hypothyroidism due to IGSF1 gene variants / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical manifestations and genetic characteristics of patients with congenital central hypothyroidism due to variants of IGSF1 gene.@*METHODS@#Clinical data, results of genetic testing, and follow-up of four patients admitted to Children's Hospital of Soochow University during 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#All of the four patients were males. Patient 1 had presented neonatal jaundice, patients 2 and 3 were admitted for growth retardation during childhood, and thyroid function test indicated slightly low free thyroxine (FT4), patient 4 was found to have reduced FT4 in the neonatal period. Genetic testing revealed that all of the four patients have harbored pathogenic variants of the IGSF1 gene, which were all inherited from their mothers. The thyroid functions in all patients were well controlled with oral levothyroxine and regular follow-up.@*CONCLUSION@#Pathogenic variants of the IGSF1 gene probably underlay the congenital central hypothyroidism with a variety of clinical manifestations, and genetic testing can facilitate the diagnosis at an early stage.

Screening the effective components in treating dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency syndrome and elucidating the potential mechanism of Poria water extract / 中国天然药物

Poria is an important medicine for inducing diuresis to drain dampness from the middle energizer. However, the specific effective components and the potential mechanism of Poria remain largely unknown. To identify the effective components and the mechanism of Poria water extract (PWE) to treat dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency syndrome (DSSD), a rat model of DSSD was established through weight-loaded forced swimming, intragastric ice-water stimulation, humid living environment, and alternate-day fasting for 21 days. After 14 days of treatment with PWE, the results indicated that PWE increased fecal moisture percentage, urine output, D-xylose level and weight; amylase, albumin, and total protein levels; and the swimming time of rats with DSSD to different extents. Eleven highly related components were screened out using the spectrum-effect relationship and LC-MS. Mechanistic studies revealed that PWE significantly increased the expression of serum motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), ADCY5/6, p-PKAα/β/γ cat, and phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein in the stomach, and AQP3 expression in the colon. Moreover, it decreased the levels of serum ADH, the expression of AQP3 and AQP4 in the stomach, AQP1 and AQP3 in the duodenum, and AQP4 in the colon. PWE induced diuresis to drain dampness in rats with DSSD. Eleven main effective components were identified in PWE. They exerted therapeutic effect by regulating the AC-cAMP-AQP signaling pathway in the stomach, MTL and GAS levels in the serum, AQP1 and AQP3 expression in the duodenum, and AQP3 and AQP4 expression in the colon.

Type 4 familial partial lipodystrophy combined with recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis: a case report / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

To analyze the clinical features and genetic variants of a child with type 4 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD4) and the initial manifestation of diabetes.The male patient with the age of 13 years and 5 months, and the diabetes course was about 3 years, the patient was admitted to Children′s Hospital of Soochow University on November 10, 2021(4 th hospitalization at the hospital), in the course of diabetes, the children repeatedly suffered from diabetes ketoacidosis, and lipid metabolism complications gradually emerged.The gene sequencing showed that the proband and his mother carried dual gene mutations of PLIN1 c. 1325delG(p.G442Afs*99) and SPINK1 c. 194+ 2T>C(p.? ). The PLIN1 gene was the causal gene of FPLD4.The mutations of c. 1325delG in the PLIN1 gene had not been previously reported.Based on the clinical phenotype, family history and genetic testing findings, the patient was diagnosed as FPLD4.In addition, the mutation of SPINK1 c. 194+ 2T>C(p.? ) might increase the risk of chronic pancreatitis.This case report enriched the clinical characteristics and genotype data of FPLD4.Gene sequencing assisted the accurate diagnosis of the type of diabetes.The effects of dual gene mutations on disease progression should be concerned, which were of great significance to develop treatment regimen and disease management.

The effect of a multi-component exercise training program on improving the severity of frailty and physical function of the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To establish a multi-component exercise intervention program for the elderly with frailty, assess its effectiveness on improving the severity of frailty, and examine the effects of different intervention modes.Methods:174 elderly people in a community in Beijing were randomly divided into three groups.The control group did not receive special intervention.The health education group received lectures, demonstrations and pamphlets on basic knowledge about frailty and instructions about a multi-component sports program.The multi-component exercise training program group was trained for three months via regular videos delivered through a WeChat app.The severity of frailty and exercise adherence of subjects in the three groups were compared.Results:166 subjects completed the study.Frailty phenotype(FP)scores of the health education group and the WeChat app group were lower than those at baseline( P<0.05).After intervention, FP scores of the control group, the health education group and the WeChat app group were 1(1, 2), 1(0, 1)and 1(0, 1), respectively, and there were differences among the three groups after intervention( H=15.539, P<0.05).There were 10 subjects(17.2%)in the control group, 15(25.9%)in the health education group and 28(48.3%)in the WeChat app group who experienced reversal from frailty or pre-frailty to no frailty( χ2=12.770, P=0.002).The number of people who reversed to no frailty in the WeChat app group was higher than in the control group( χ2=11.536, P=0.001)and the health education group( χ2=5.659, P=0.014).The numbers of people with frailty in the control group, health education group and WeChat app group were 9(15.5%), 1(1.7%)and 1(1.7%), respectively( χ2=13.040, P=0.001), with the numbers of frailty cases in the health education group and the WeChat app group lower than in the control group( χ2=7.552, 7.210, P=0.006, 0.007).The percentage of people completing the exercise program in the WeChat app group was higher than in the control group( χ2=49.366, P<0.001)and also in the health education group( χ2=26.481, P<0.001), while the percentage of people completing the exercise program in the health education group was higher than in the control group( χ2=6.171, P=0.013). Conclusions:The multi-component exercise program can improve the frailty state of the elderly, and the intervention method based on the WeChat app has clear advantages in improving frailty and enhancing exercise adherence.

Analysis of influencing factors of dental fluorosis in children based on logistic regression and classification tree model / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of dental fluorosis of children in the drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis (referred to as drinking-water-borne fluorosis) areas with qualified drinking water.Methods:In 2020 and 2021, the cluster sampling method was used to select the children aged 8 to 12 years old from the drinking-water-borne fluorisis areas with qualified drinking water in Tianjin City for water and urine fluoride detection, dental fluorosis examination and questionnaire survey, and logistic regression and classification tree model were used to analyze the influencing factors of dental fluorosis in children.Results:A total of 3 795 cases children aged 8 to 12 years old were investigated, and 1 001 cases of dental fluorosis were detected, and the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 26.38% (1 001/3 795). The results of logistic analysis showed that age [odds ratio ( OR) = 1.193, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.115 - 1.277], high urinary fluoride (1.84 - 19.40 mg/L, OR = 1.510, 95% CI: 1.169 - 1.952) and the number of permanent residents at home ≥6 ( OR = 1.377, 95% CI: 1.090 - 1.739) were risk factors of dental fluorosis in children; and the mother's with higher education level (college degree or above, OR = 0.664, 95% CI: 0.441 - 0.999), the years of water improvement ≥5 years (5 - < 10 years, OR = 0.193, 95% CI: 0.157 - 0.238; ≥10 years, OR = 0.254, 95% CI: 0.193 - 0.333) were protective factors of dental fluorosis in children. The results of classification tree model analysis showed that the years of water improvement contributed the most to the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in the drinking-water-borne fluorisis areas with qualified drinking water, followed by age, number of permanent residents at home and urinary fluoride. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of logistic regression model and classification tree model were 0.730 (95% CI: 0.711 - 0.748) and 0.721 (95% CI: 0.702 - 0.739), respectively, with good fitting effect. Conclusion:The detection rate of children's dental fluorosis in the drinking-water-borne fluorosis areas with qualified drinking water is mainly related to the years of water improvement, age, the number of permanent residents at home and urinary fluoride.

Study of extracting key plane of 11-13 + 6 weeks normal fetal palate by three-dimensional ultrasound based on artificial intelligence / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility of extracting the key plane of the normal fetal palate on the 11-13 + 6 week from tomography ultrasonography imaging based on artificial intelligence. Methods:The fetal volume datas of 235 cases of 11-13 + 6 week normal fetal were collected from the Department of Ultrasound in the Luohu District People′s Hospital of Shenzhen and Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital from May 2020 to April 2021. The data acquisition was completed by sonographers A and B by using the GE Voluson E10 color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic instrument. All datas were marked offline by sonographer C. Tomographic imaging was performed on all included data by sonographer D, the tomographic images were saved and the time-consuming was recorded, and the datas of the sonographer group were obtained. The labeled data were randomly divided into the training set and test set for model transfer learning and testing.The 4-fold cross-validation was adopted to record the test set image output by the model and the time consumption to obtain the intelligent group data. A senior sonographer performed image analysis on the two groups of data images. The feasibility of the intelligent model was verified by comparing the score of the plane of retronasal triangle(RTP), the acquisition rate of RTP, the acquisition rate of the fault, and the time-consuming difference between the sonographer group and the intelligent group. Results:①There was no significant difference in the overall distribution of RTP scores between the sonographer group and intelligent group [5 (5, 6) points vs 5 (5, 6) points, Z=0.355, P=0.722]. The RTP acquisition rate of the sonographer group and intelligent group was not statistically significant (78.72% vs 76.60%, χ 2=0.55, P=0.458). The consistency and correlation of RTP obtained by the two groups were high (Kappa=0.645, φ=0.646, both P<0.001). ②The effective layers of the sonographer group were 9 (8, 9) and the intelligent group was 8 (7, 9). The fault acquisition rate of the doctor group was higher than that of the intelligent group (78.72% vs 68.51%, χ 2=12.52, P=0.001). The consistency and correlation of the two groups in obtaining faults were media (Kappa=0.503, φ=0.521, both P<0.001). ③The time-consuming of the intelligent group was significantly lower than that of the sonographer group [1.50 (1.23, 1.75)s vs 26.94 (22.28, 30.48)s, Z=11.440, P<0.001]. Conclusions:This research model can quickly and accurately realize the extraction and tomography of the key plane of the normal fetal palate on the 11-13 + 6 week.

Analysis of laboratory characteristics and evaluation of prognostic value of patients with NPM1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with NPM1 mutation, and to explore the prognostic factors.Methods:A total of 77 AML patients with NPM1 gene mutation admitted to Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital from May 1st 2012 to December 31st 2021 were enrolled in the study, including 34 male and 43 female patients. The median age was 40 (3, 68) years old. Patients were selected and divided into 4 groups according to the morphological FAB classification. There were 29 cases (37.7%) of M1 type, 13 cases (16.9%) of M2 type, 23 cases (29.9%) of M4 type, and 12 cases (15.5%) of M5 type. The clinical characteristics, bone marrow/peripheral blood cell morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, molecular biology and overall survival of different groups were retrospectively analyzed, and the risk factors affecting the prognosis of AML were also explored. Cox multivariate regression was used to analyze the clinical influencing factors of survival and prognosis.Results:The white blood cell counts were highest in M4 and M5 patients and lowest in M2 patients, while no significant difference in the red blood cell, hemoglobin, and platelet counts( P>0.05). Morphologically, there were significant differences in the percentage of blasts and blasts with cup-like nuclei on bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). The proportion of blasts in BM and PB was the highest in M1 and the lowest in M2 ( P<0.001). The positive rate of blasts with cup-like nuclei was the highest in M1 and the lowest in M5 of BM ( P<0.001), while the highest in M2 and the lowest in M5 of PB ( P=0.006). The scores of myeloperoxidase and chloroacetate esterase were all the highest in M1 and the lowest in M5 ( P<0.001, 0.001, respectively). In terms of molecular biology, the occurence rate of blasts combined with DNMT3A mutation was the highest in M4 and the lowest in M2 ( P=0.044), while those combined with FLT3-ITD mutation was the highest in M4 and the lowest in M5 ( P=0.002). In immunophenotype, there were significant differences in the expression positivities of seven antigens including HLA-DR, CD56, CD11c, CD15, CD14, CD96 and cMPO ( P<0.05). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that no recurrence after treatment ( P<0.001), complete remission after treatment ( P=0.015) and transplantation ( P<0.001) were correlated with overall survival (OS). No recurrence after treatment ( P=0.033), transplantation ( P=0.027), no mutation of FLT3-ITD ( P=0.040), and hemoglobin concentration ( P=0.023) were associated with relapse-free survival (RFS). Survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier curve showed that there was no significant difference in survival time between the M1, M2, M4 and M5 groups in OS and RFS. Conclusion:There were significant differences in the white blood count, the percentage of blasts and blasts with cup-like nuclear morphology, cytochemical staining (MPO integration, CE integration and percentage of NAS-DCE), gene mutation (DNMT3A and FLT3-ITD) and immunophenotypes (HLA-DR, CD56, CD11c, CD15, CD14, CD96 and cMPO) between the four groups. The multivariate analysis revealed that no recurrence after treatment and transplantation were independent prognostic factors in NPM1 mut AML patients. On the other hand, FLT3-ITD mutation and hemoglobin concentration were associated with RFS and complete remission after treatment was associated with OS in the entire NPM1 mut cohort.

Efficacy evaluation of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and pulse radiofrequency for the ganglion impar in treating primary perineal pain / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To compare the efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and pulsed radiofrequency for the ganglion impar in treating primary perineal pain. 【Methods】 We analyzed 79 patients with primary perineal pain who underwent radiofrequency thermocoagulation (group A) and pulsed radiofrequency (group B) in the ganglion impar from January 2020 to March 2022. VAS, excellent and good rates, sleep quality, postoperative medication usage, complications, and recurrence were evaluated before and 24 h, 1 W, 1 M, 3 M and 6 M after operation. The differences between the two groups were compared. 【Results】 The VAS score of group A gradually decreased at each level after operation, and the VAS score of group B gradually increased after 24 hours of operation. The differences between the two groups began to appear 1 week after operation, and the differences further increased with the extension of time (P<0.001). In six months after follow-up, the excellent and good rates of group A (86%) was significantly higher than that of group B (22%). In addition to postoperative perineal skin numbness, group A was superior to group B in improving sleep, postoperative oral medication (pregabalin and opioids), and disease recurrence (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Radiofrequency thermocoagulation for the ganglion impar can improve the quality of life by reducing pain, improving the excellent and good rates, improving sleep, and reducing recurrence a medication. The effect is better than that of pulsed radiofrequency.

Implicit, But Not Explicit, Emotion Regulation Relieves Unpleasant Neural Responses Evoked by High-Intensity Negative Images / 神经科学通报·英文版

Evidence suggests that explicit reappraisal has limited regulatory effects on high-intensity emotions, mainly due to the depletion of cognitive resources occupied by the high-intensity emotional stimulus itself. The implicit form of reappraisal has proved to be resource-saving and therefore might be an ideal strategy to achieve the desired regulatory effect in high-intensity situations. In this study, we explored the regulatory effect of explicit and implicit reappraisal when participants encountered low- and high-intensity negative images. The subjective emotional rating indicated that both explicit and implicit reappraisal down-regulated negative experiences, irrespective of intensity. However, the amplitude of the parietal late positive potential (LPP; a neural index of experienced emotional intensity) showed that only implicit reappraisal had significant regulatory effects in the high-intensity context, though both explicit and implicit reappraisal successfully reduced the emotional neural responses elicited by low-intensity negative images. Meanwhile, implicit reappraisal led to a smaller frontal LPP amplitude (an index of cognitive cost) compared to explicit reappraisal, indicating that the implementation of implicit reappraisal consumes limited cognitive control resources. Furthermore, we found a prolonged effect of implicit emotion regulation introduced by training procedures. Taken together, these findings not only reveal that implicit reappraisal is suitable to relieve high-intensity negative experiences as well as neural responses, but also highlight the potential benefit of trained implicit regulation in clinical populations whose frontal control resources are limited.

The Emotion-Regulation Benefits of Implicit Reappraisal in Clinical Depression: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence / 神经科学通报·英文版

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by emotion dysregulation. Whether implicit emotion regulation can compensate for this deficit remains unknown. In this study, we recruited 159 subjects who were healthy controls, had subclinical depression, or had MDD, and examined them under baseline, implicit, and explicit reappraisal conditions. Explicit reappraisal led to the most negative feelings and the largest parietal late positive potential (parietal LPP, an index of emotion intensity) in the MDD group compared to the other two groups; the group difference was absent under the other two conditions. MDD patients showed larger regulatory effects in the LPP during implicit than explicit reappraisal, whereas healthy controls showed a reversed pattern. Furthermore, the frontal P3, an index of voluntary cognitive control, showed larger amplitudes in explicit reappraisal compared to baseline in the healthy and subclinical groups, but not in the MDD group, while implicit reappraisal did not increase P3 across groups. These findings suggest that implicit reappraisal is beneficial for clinical depression.

Inter-annual variation patterns in the carbon footprint of farmland ecosystems in Guangdong Province, China.

Carbon sequestration in farmland ecosystems is an important link in the world carbon cycle and plays an important role in regional carbon reduction. Guangdong, a major industrial and economic province in China, was used as the study area, and the period 2001-2020 was taken as the study period. The carbon emissions, sequestration, and footprint of farmland ecosystems in Guangdong were estimated using carbon emission factors for agricultural inputs that are closer to the actual situation in China. The study showed that: (1) Carbon average emissions from farmland in Guangdong during the study period was 3.7624 million t a-1, with a balanced overall trend of change, and that nitrogen fertilize applications was the main factor contributing to carbon emissions. (2) The carbon sink capacity of Guangdong farmland ecosystems showed an overall decreasing trend of 10.32%, with an average annual carbon sink of 19.0363 million t a-1. Paddy and sugar cane cultivations were the main factor of carbon sink in farmland. (3) The average annual carbon footprint of Guangdong's farmland ecosystems was 531,100 ha a-1, which was in a carbon surplus. Carbon surplus and footprint showed a decreasing trend year by year. The paper results provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of carbon emission reduction policies and industrial restructuring in Guangdong and provinces with the same industrial structure.

Study on the mechanism of Poria cocos polysaccharides on the regulation of gluconeogenesis in liver of type 2 diabetic mellitus model rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of Poria cocos polysaccharides on the regulation of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）model rats by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/forked box transcription factor O 1（FoxO1）pathway. METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group （no modeling ，no administration），model group （modeling，no administration ），metformin group （modeling，200 mg/kg）and P. cocos polysaccharide low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （modeling，100，200，400 mg/kg），8 in each group. Except for blank control group ， other groups were given high fat diet combined with streptozotocin to construct the model of T 2DM rats. At the same time ， administration groups were given relevant dose of medicine intragastrically ，and blank control group and model group were given constant volume of water intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 42 days. During the experiment ，general condition and bodyweight of rats were observed every day ；fasting blood glucose （FBG）of rats were collected ，and oral glucose tolerance test were conducted and area under curve （AUC）was calculated the day before last administration. After last medication ，the heart ，liver， kidney organ index were calculated ；the levels of HbA 1c，TC，TG，MDA，SOD，GSH-Px and hepatic glycogen content were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver and pancreatic tissue ，and the pathological grade score was calculated. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expressions of p-PI 3K，p-Akt，p-FoxO1， PEPCK and G 6Pase in liver tissues. RESULTS Compared with blank control group ，the rats of model group suffered cc1965@163.com from polydipsia ，polyphagia and polyuria ；the body weight ， the levels of SOD and GSH-Px ，the protein expressions of p-PI 3K，p-Akt and p-FoxO 1 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）；liver and kidney organ index ，blood glucose level at 0，0.5 and 2 hours after intragastric administration of glucose solution ，AUC， FBG，HbA1c，serum levels of MDA ，TC，TG and hepatic glycogen content ，liver and pancreatic pathological grade score ，the protein expressions of PEPCK and G 6Pase were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，the general condition of rats in P. cocos polysaccharide groups were all improved ，and all of above indicators had been reversed to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS P. cocos polysaccharide can downregulate protein expressions of PEPCK and G 6Pase which are key enzymes of gluconeogenesis ，inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis ，effectively decrease blood glucose levels and regulate glucolipid metabolism in T 2DM model rats by weakening oxidative stress and upregulating PI 3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway.

Analysis of staged two-way evaluation results of Milestones evaluation system on obstetrics and gynecology residents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To evaluate the standardized residency training of obstetrics and gynaecology in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University with Milestones evaluation system of obstetrics and gynecology, and to evaluate the feedback effect of the system.Methods:An improved Milestones evaluation form was developed to evaluate the self-evaluation and clinical tutor's scores, collect the results and make a statistical analysis of the 1-3 years standardized training residents of the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in September 2019. GraphPad Prism 8 software was used for data collection and statistical analysis, and Box-Plots software was used for drawing analysist. Descriptive statistics method was used for the general situation of the research objects. After the students' self-evaluation and tutor's scores passed the normal distribution and variance homogeneity test, paired t test was performed, and the scores of residents from different sources were analyzed by variance analysis. Results:A total of 164 residents of obstetrics and gynaecology were evaluated, and there were significant differences between self-evaluation and teacher's evaluation in medical knowledge, learning ability and system work ( P<0.05). The competency scores of the first year residents ranged from 3.003 to 4.556, and at the end of the course they increased to 4.921 to 5.974, showing statistically significant differences in each item compared with the first year ( P<0.001). After three years of training, residents from different sources showed significant improvement ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The Milestones evaluation system of the obstetrics and gynecology can be used for the training assessment and feedback of the residents in obstetrics and gynecology specialty. The self-assessment of residents helps to understand the level of self-assessment, and the teacher's evaluation helps to correct the bias generated by self-assessment. The systematic and staged Milestones evaluation system can instruct the clinical tutors to instruct the residents in accordance with their aptitude, and give feedback on the training effect of the residency training base.

Association between body mass index and thyroid volume in children / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To understand the current status of overweight and obesity, the iodine nutrition level and goiter among children in Tianjin, and explore their relationships, so as to effectively adjust the prevention and control measures.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020, one primary school was selected from all towns or streets in 16 districts of Tianjin, and non-boarding children aged 8 to 10 (age and gender balanced) were selected from each primary school. The number of children sampled in towns or streets in each district was as even as possible. Every year, 200 children from each district were investigated for height, weight, iodine of household edible salt, urinary iodine and thyroid volume. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and its relationship with iodine nutrition level and goiter of children was analyzed.Results:A total of 6 552 children were investigated, and the median urinary iodine was 178.95 μg/L, the goiter rate was 2.15% (141/6 552). There was no significant difference in iodine content of household edible salt among children in different BMI groups ( P = 0.835), but the difference in thyroid volume was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). By constructing a restrictive cubic spline model, the risk of goiter in children of different age groups increased with increase of BMI ( P < 0.001 or P = 0.002). Conclusions:The BMI of children is closely related to thyroid volume. The influence of height and weight should be considered in diagnosis of goiter of children.