Enantioseparation/Recognition based on nano techniques/materials.

Enantiomers show different behaviors in interaction with the chiral environment. Due to their identical chemical structure and their wide application in various industries, such as agriculture, medicine, pesticide, food, and so forth, their separation is of great importance. Today, the term "nano" is frequently encountered in all fields. Technology and measuring devices are moving towards miniaturization, and the usage of nanomaterials in all sectors is expanding substantially. Given that scientists have recently attempted to apply miniaturized techniques known as nano-liquid chromatography/capillary-liquid chromatography, which were originally accomplished in 1988, as well as the widespread usage of nanomaterials for chiral resolution (back in 1989), this comprehensive study was developed. Searching the terms "nano" and "enantiomer separation" on scientific websites such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science yields articles that either use miniaturized instruments or apply nanomaterials as chiral selectors with a variety of chemical and electrochemical detection techniques, which are discussed in this article.

Correction: Fabrication of a reusable magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube-TiO2 nanocomposite by electrostatic adsorption: enhanced photodegradation of malachite green.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C4RA15593A.].

Porous ionic liquid polymer: A reusable adsorbent with broad operating pH range for speciation of nitrate and nitrite.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of fluids with unique physicochemical properties employing polymeric substances emerging new materials. Solidification of ILs into porous materials generates porous ionic liquid polymers that combine the unique characteristics of ILs with common porous materials and polymers. In this study, it's the first time the porous ionic liquid polymer was chosen as a sorbent for extraction and speciation of nitrite and nitrate. Porous IL was prepared through polymerization of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide monomers in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and crosslinking of ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA). Parameters affecting the adsorbent performance were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.9996 and LOD was 0.1 µg L-1. This method presented the linearity in the concentration range between 0.1-100 µg L-1 and the relative standard deviation was 3.2%. Finally, the adsorption behavior of the obtained sorbent for nitrate and nitrite determination in various real samples was evaluated. The result indicates that the porous ionic liquid polymer showed high adsorption capacity (233 mg g-1). The convenient preparation of the porous ionic liquid material, as well as high adsorption capacity for anionic pollutants predicted its broad application potential in anion removal materials.

Development of a selective and pH-independent method for the analysis of ultra trace amounts of nitrite in environmental water samples after dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction by spectrofluorimetry.

This paper describes an innovative and rapidly dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction spectrofluorimetry (DMSPE-FL) method for the analysis of trace amounts of nitrite in some environmental water samples. The method includes derivatization of aqueous nitrite with 2, 3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN), analysis of highly fluorescent 2, 3-naphthotriazole (NAT) derivative using spectrofluorimetry after DSPME. The novelty of our method is based on forming NAT that was independent with the pH-responsive and was adsorbed on MMWCNT by hydrophobic attractions in both acidic and basic media. The extraction efficiency of the sorbent was investigated by extraction of nitrite. The optimum extraction conditions for NO2(-) were obtained as of extraction time, 1.5 min; 10mg sorbent from 160 mL of the sample solution, and elution with 1 mL of acetone/KOH. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves were obtained in the range of 0.1-80 µg L(-1) (R(2)=0.999) and LOD (S/N=3) was obtained in 34 ng L(-1). Relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.6 % (five replicates at 5 µg L(-1)). In addition, the feasibility of the method was demonstrated with extraction and determination of nitrite from some real samples containing tap, mineral, sea, rain, snow and ground waters, with the recovery in standard addition to real matrix of 94-102 % and RSDs of 1.8-10.6%.

Magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite as an adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of lead (II) and manganese (II) in various matrices.

Magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube (MMWCNT) nanocomposite was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of lead (II) and manganese (II). The properties of MMWCNT were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR). This adsorbent was found to be advantageous over conventional solid phase extraction (SPE) in terms of operational simplicity and low time-consuming. MMWCNT, carrying target metals, was easily separated from the aqueous solutions with the help of an external magnet; so, no filtration or centrifugation was necessary. After extraction and collection of MMWCNT, the adsorbed analytes were eluted and analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of different sorption/desorption parameters. Under the optimized conditions, detection limits and enhancement factors of the proposed method for Pb and Mn were 1.0 and 0.6 µg L(-1), 390 and 697 respectively. The presented procedure was successfully applied for determination of Pb(II) and Mn (II) contents in lipstick, rice samples and accuracy was evaluated analyzing a certified reference material Seronorm(™) Urine LOT NO2525.