The correcting influence of the locus ceruleus on ophthalmic hypertension of hypothalamic origin.

Chronic experiments were performed on rabbits to study changes in intraocular pressure, the coefficient of flow conductivity, and the chamber fluid minute volume during chronic emotional stress induced by long-lasting repeated electrical stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus alone and in combination with electrical stimulation of the locus ceruleus and central gray matter of the periacqueductal matter. Stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus was accompanied by an increase in intraocular pressure, an increase in the production of eye chamber fluid, and a decrease in the coefficient of flow conductivity. Electrical stimulation of the locus ceruleus and central gray matter of the periacqueductal matter led to less marked increases in intraocular pressure. Combined stimulation of the hypothalamus and locus ceruleus led to normalization of intraocular pressure due to a reduction in the volume of chamber fluid and an increase in the coefficient of flow conductivity.

[Substance P as a factor enhancing resistance of the surfactant lung system to chronic immobilization stress]. / Substantsiia P kak faktor, povyshaiushchii ustoichivost' surfaktantnoi sistemy legkikh k khronicheskomu immobilizatsionnomu stressu.

In chronic experiments on non-line white rats the influence of system (intraperitoneal) and central (into the lateral brain ventricle) administration of substance P on lung surfactant system was studied in stressed and non-stressed animals. A single injection of substance P limited pulmonary surfactant activity disorders in immobilisation stress. Stress-induced increase of phospholipids level in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid remained the same in intracerebroventricular administration and was partly reduced in intraperitoneal one. In intact rats, a single injection of peptide was accompanied by alveolar phospholipids accumulation. In rabbits, multiple intracerebroventricular injections of substance P enhanced the opposite effect.

[The biopolymer metabolism of the connective tissue in the aorta under intraventricular injections of neuropeptides]. / Obmen biopolimerov soedinitel'noi tkani v aorte pri intraventrikuliarnykh vvedeniiakh neiropeptidov.

The metabolism of connective tissue biopolymers in the blood serum and in the aorta under repeated intraventricular injections of P-substance, L-enkephalin and B-endorphine was studied in chronic experiments on rabbits. The alternations of the central neurochemical processes, caused by prolonged intraventricular injections of neuropeptides were proved to lead to intensification of metabolic processes in the connective tissue characterized by the accumulation of its biopolymers in the aorta wall. The injection of P-substance, in contrast to opioid peptides, is accompanied by more marked alternations.

[Experimental model of atherosclerosis induced by administration of acetylcholine into the reticular formation of the midbrain]. / Eksperimental'naia model' ateroskleroza, vyzvannaia vvedeniem atsetilkholina v retikuliarnuiu formatsiiu srednego mozga.

Acetylcholine injections into the mesencephalon reticular system of rabbits every second day during a month induced atherosclerosis of the aorta. The microscopic examination of aortic intima showed lipomatosis, liposclerosis, atheromatosis, atherocalcinosis.

[Changes in the hormonal content of the blood during chronic electrostimulation of the hypothalamus and amygdaloid complex]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia gormonov v krovi pri khronicheskoi élektrostimuliatsii gipotalamusa i mindalevidnogo kompleksa.

The changes of corticotropin, thyrotropin in hypophysis, triiodothyronine, thyroxin in thyroid gland, adrenaline, norepinephrine, hydrocortisone, 11-OKS in adrenal glands and pancreas, caused by prolonged electrostimulation of hypothalamic ventro-median nucleus, lateral nucleus of amygdala and the combination of the latter with the SP injection, were studied in chronic experiments on rabbits. The electrostimulation increased the hormone contents in the blood, whereas glucagon contents as well as norepinephrine contents was decreasing in stimulation of hypothalamus and amygdala, resp. The SP injection against the background of electrostimulation of the amygdala resulted in the hormone status standardisation.

[Hormonal homeostasis and intraocular pressure in chronic emotional stress caused by influences acting on the amygdala]. / Gormonal'nyi gomeostaz i vnutriglaznoe davlenie pri khronicheskom émotsional'nom stresse, vyzvannom vozdeìstviiami na mindalevidnyi kompleks.

Changes in intraocular pressure, eye hydrodynamics and the amount of hypophyseal, thyroid, adrenal and pancreatic hormones were studied during continuous stimulation of amygdaloid complex or after administration of angiotensin II into the structure in rabbits. The effects involved changes in hormonal homeostasis and elevation of intraocular pressure due to a hypersecretion of intraocular fluid. The administration of angiotensin II during the amygdala stimulation enhanced the changes.

[Changes in the hormone content of the blood during chronic electrical stimulation of the midbrain]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia gormonov v krovi pri khronicheskom élektricheskom razdrazhenii srednego mozga.

The levels of hormones of the hypophysis (ACTH, TTH, CTH), thyroid gland (T3, T4), adrenal glands (epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol) and pancreas (insulin, glucagon) increased during a prolonged electrostimulation of the reticular nucleus of mesencephalon in rabbits. Administration of the substance P returned the hormonal levels to normal.

[Changes in the fraction composition of collagen from the aorta and left ventricle wall during electric stimulation of the reticular formation of the brain]. / Izmenenie fraktsionnogo sostava kollagena aorty i stenki levogo zheludochka pri élektricheskoi stimuliatsii retikuliarnoi formatsii mozga.

Concentration of catecholamines, II-hydroxycorticosteroids, free and bound hydroxyproline in blood, free and total hydroxyproline, fractions of collagen were studied in left heart ventricular wall and aorta of rabbits after long term electrostimulation of the mesencephalon reticular system. Alterations of collagen metabolism in left heart ventricular wall and aorta caused by electrostimulation of reticular system occurred due to hypertension and to change in content of adrenal hormones in peripheral blood stream.

[Changes in collagen metabolism during the chronic electrical stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation]. / Izmeneniia obmena kollagena pri khronicheskoi élektricheskoi stimuliatsii retikuliarnoi formatsii srednego mozga.

The content of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, free and bound hydroxyproline in the peripheral blood, as well as the level of free and net hydroxyproline in the aortic wall and myocardium of rabbits were studied in chronic prolonged electrical stimulation of the mesencephalon reticular system. The experiments have shown that electrical stimulation leads to the activation of adrenal cortex function and is accompanied by alterations in collagen metabolism, accumulation of collagen in the aorta and decreased collagen level in the myocardium.

[Effect of the functional status of the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus on surface-active properties of the lungs and external respiration in the rabbit]. / Vliianie funktsional'nogo sostoianiia supraopticheskikh iader gipotalamusa na poverkhnostno-aktivnye svoistva legkikh i vneshnee dykhanie u krolikov.

The surface tension of pulmonary extracts in the balance of the Wilgelmi type, respiratory volumes, elasticity and the act of respiration were investigated in 72 control and active effects on the hypothalamic supraoptical nuclei in rabbits (local infusion of acetylcholine-electrostimulation with and without adrenalectomy, bilateral electrical lesion of the nuclei). Possible peptidergic mechanisms of inducing the surface-active properties of the lung, are discussed.

[Changes in intraocular pressure in response to experimental testing of the amygdaloid complex]. / Izmenenie vnutriglaznogo davleniia pri éksperimental'nykh vozdeistviiakh na mindalevidnyi kompleks.

Prolonged electrical stimulation of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus increased the intraocular pressure, the secretion of the intraocular fluid and the amount of proteins and glycosaminoglycans in it. Bilateral electrolysis of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus caused a resistant decrease of the intraocular pressure due to reduced secretion and to increase of the outflow coefficient of the intraocular fluid.

[Collagen and glycosaminoglycan content of tissues under emotional effects in hypothalamic zones]. / Soderzhanie kollagena i glikozaminoglikanov v tkaniakh pri vosdeistviiakh na émotsiogennye zony gipotalamusa.

The content of carbohydrate-containing bipolymers in the tissues of aorta, skin and blood serum of rabbits was studied under the effect of electrostimulation of supraoptical, ventromedial and medial mammillary nuclei of hypothalamus. The stimulation of supraoptical and ventromedial nuclei of hypothalamus is shown to be accompanied by an increase in the amount of collagen, glycosaminoglycans, sialic acids and glycoproteins which was estimated by the content of protein and hexosamines. Stimulation of the medial mammillary nucleus causes opposite changes.

[Changes in the concentration of various collagen fractions after electric stimulation and electrocoagulation of the rabbit amygdaloid body]. / Izemenenie soderzhaniia razlichnykh fraktsii kollagena pri élektricheskoi stimuliatsii i élektrokoaguliatsii mindalevidnogo kompleksa mozga krolikov.

Content of catecholamines, 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, free and bound hydroxyproline in blood as well as metabolism of collagen in rabbit aorta wall were studied after electrostimulation and bilateral electrocoagulation of brain amygdaloid complex. The stimulation was shown to alter the content of adrenal gland hormones and activated the collagen metabolism in aorta wall. After electrocoagulation within the first month content of noradrenaline, 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and accumulation of collagen in aorta tissue were decreased.

[Adrenal hormone level and collagen metabolism in the aortic wall under the effect of changes in the amygdaloid complex]. / Uroven' gormonov nadpochechnikov i obmen kollagena v stenke aorty pri vozdeistviiakh na mindalevidnyi kompleks.

The blood catecholamine, 11-hydroxycorticosteroid and free hydroxyproline content and collagen metabolism in the rabbit aortic wall were studied under conditions of chronic electrostimulation and bilateral amygdaloid electrocoagulation. It was found that electrostimulation of the amygdaloid lateral nucleus causes changes in the adrenocorticotropin content, activating collagen metabolism and accumulation in the aortic wall. A fall of the noradrenaline, 11-hydroxycorticosteroid concentration and activation of collagen metabolism, accompanied by its accumulation in the aortic wall, are seen during the 1st month after electrocoagulation.

[Cortical influences on hemodynamics during combined nociceptive stimulation and electric stimulation of septal and bulbar brain structures]. / Korkovye vliianiia na gemodinamiku pri sochetanii notsitseptivnogo razdrazheniia i élektrostimuliatsii septal'nykh i bul'barnykh struktur mozga.

Changes of the arterial pressure, blood flow volume rate and peripheral vascular resistance were studied under the nociceptive and electric stimulation of the microcellular reticular nucleus of the medulla oblongata and the lateral septal nucleus in cats. The isolated nociceptive stimulation of the reticular nucleus increased the arterial pressure and the peripheral vascular resistance whereas the stimulation of the septum induced a depressor reaction. The combined stimulation of the bulbar structures increased still more the peripheral vascular resistance. The change in the pressor reaction depended on the character of the previous stimulation. The combined stimulation of the septum completely abolished the pressor nociceptive reaction. The reaction was but decreased under the reverse combination of the electric and nociceptive stimuli. Application of strychnine and potassium chloride on the sensomotor cortical area induced a clear decrease in the pressor reaction only when the reticular nucleus had been stimulated. The peripheral vascular resistance decreased after the application of these agents as well as on the stimulation of the septum.