[Glutathione system in erythrocytes and plasma in viral hepatitis].

In all 5 acute (AVHs) and chronic viral hepatites (CVHs) there was the increase of erythrocyte activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), and the decrerase in GSH concentration. In blood plasma there was accumulation of GPx, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and y-glutamyl transferase (gammaGT). GSH and GR increased in plasma only in AVHs. In CVH C erythrocyte GST increased. Evidently changes in the erythrocyte glutathione system are reactions to oxidative stress and in blood plasma they are consequences of inflammation and hepatocyte cytolysis. Changes were more pronounced in middle-heavy course than in the heavy one. These changes have pathogenic importance and can be used in addition to complex diagnostics. They are significantly differed from changes in chronic gall-bladder diseases. Necessity of separate investigation of glutathione system in erythrocytes and blood plasma but not in whole blood is argued.

[Education of patients with arterial hypertension. State of art and prospects]. / Obuchenie patsientov s arterial'noi gipertoniei. Sostoianie problemy i perspektivy.

Training of hypertensive patients is a widely disputable problem. It is shown that education of hypertensive patients and population at risk can effectively prevent hypertension both at population and individual levels. The authors believe that programs designed for the education of hypertensive patients and population have marked drawbacks as they lack consistency, vary in strategy (group or individual learning), methods of teaching (interactive multimedia presentation of the material, self-education according to certain recommendations, video- and audio materials), evaluation of short- and long-term effects (6 and 24 months), patients management, etc. This explains the necessity of further studies into the problem of the approaches to education of the patients and population concerning hypertension.

[Learning of patients with ischemic heart disease after operations on the coronary arteries at the "School-Club for Coronary Patients"]. / Obuchenie bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezniiu serdtsa, perenesshikh operatsii na koronarnykh arteriiakh, v "skole koronarnykh bol'nykh".

Such learning programs as "School-club for Coronary Patients" SCCP) are very important for rehabilitation of outpatients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after reconstructive operations on the coronary vessels. The authors summarize pilot experience gained in the activity of the SCCP at the Consulting and Diagnostic Center set up in 2000. The group of lecturers included a cardiologist, a urologist-andrologist, a physiotherapist, a phytotherapist and others. Participation of a dietitian is desirable. The activity of the SCCP aimed at explanation of the role of risk factors in development and progression of CHD, of the mechanisms of action of the most effective medicines applied in the treatment of CHD and arterial hypertension, teaching CHD patients current methods of non-drug therapy, activation of motivation for successful treatment. The curriculum is designed for 12 lessons which covers information on the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, causes of the onset and progression of CHD, principles of CHD treatments, methods of health restoration after myocardial infarction and operations on the coronary vessels. The response to the questionnaires filled in by the learners who have undergone reconstructive surgery on the coronary vessels show that the number of the learners taking the prescribed drugs regularly raised from 77.1 to 95.8%. The recommended doses were followed by 64.6% instead of 18.8%. The diet was kept by 52.1% patients instead of 29.2%. The number of exercising CHD patients raised from 12.5 to 58.3%. It is evident that training of CHD patients after surgery on the coronary vessels or MI in SCCP is an essential method to improve quality of treatment, prevention of complications, the disease prognosis. This experience should be widely introduced into the practice of outpatient departments.

[Postoperative course of ischemic heart disease in patients with various reconstructive procedures on the coronary vessels]. / Posleoperatsionnoe techenie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u bol'nykh perenesshikh razlichnye vidy rekonstruktivnykh operatsii na koronarnykh sosudakh.

The study was aimed at evaluation of a clinicofunctional condition of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) operated on the coronary vessels as well as features of postoperative course of the disease to design relevant therapeutic and prophylactic measures. The analysis was made of rehabilitation and long-term (up to 60 months) outcomes of cardiosurgical operations. Features of rehabilitation were studied in groups of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), creation of a mammarocoronary bypass combined with CABG and transcutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. To assess the results of cardiovascular patients rehabilitation, to study long-term results of cardiosurgical operations and compare conditions of patients after different cardiac operations, the parameter of "double product" is proposed under loading of 50 W. Three periods of postoperative run of the disease were identified: improvement with maximal physical performance of the patient, clinicopsychological stabilization, functional depletion and development of IHD complications.

[Electrical breakdown of erythrocyte membranes attributed to the diffusion potential difference]. / Elektricheskii proboi membran éritrotsitov za schet diffuzionnoi raznosti potentsialov.

A potential difference of a certain value can be obtained on the erythrocyte membranes if the cells are suspended in isotonic solution of low Cl- concentration. The potential value may be estimated by the pH changes in the medium without buffer. When the chloride membrane potential is high enough the electric breakdown, i.e. a sharp increase i of membrane ionic permeability, is observed.