Ginecomastia y cáncer de mama en el varón. Estudio de 49 casos / No disponible

Objetivo: Estudiar la posible relación entre la ginecomastia y el cáncer de mama en el varón. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con revisión de los pacientes varones, mayores de 14 años, con ginecomastia intervenidos quirúrgicamente en nuestro hospital desde enero del año 1996 hasta diciembre de 2009. Para el análisis de los datos, los casos se dividieron en 2 grupos, atendiendo a la benignidad o malignidad en el estudio anatomopatológico. Resultados: El número total de casos analizados fue de 49, de los que 10 presentaron un diagnóstico anatomopatológico de cáncer de mama y 39 de patología benigna. Se ha encontrado una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la edad de presentación de la ginecomastia y el riesgo relativo de padecer cáncer de mama (p = 0,002). Conclusiones: Aunque no se ha podido demostrar que la ginecomastia sea un factor de riesgo para el cáncer de mama, este debe ser un diagnóstico diferencial a tener en cuenta en pacientes con ginecomastia. Según nuestros resultados, esta sospecha debería ser mayor cuanto mayor sea la edad del paciente(AU)

Objetive: To study the possible association between gynecomastia and breast cancer in men. Material and methods: A retrospective case-control study was designed. Male patients older than 14 years old with breast disorder undergoing surgery in our hospital between January 1996 and December 2009 were included. Two groups of patients were made, those with malignant disease and those with benign lesions. Results: The total number of cases analyzed was 49, 10 with pathological diagnosis of breast cancer and 39 of benign disease. A significant difference was found only for age at onset of gynecomastia and relative risk of breast cancer (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Although it was not possible to demonstrate that gynecomastia is a risk factor for breast cancer, it must be a differential diagnosis to be considered in patients with gynecomastia. According to our results, this suspicion should be higher with increasing patient age(AU)

Anticardiolipin antibodies and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: prognostic marker or association with HIV infection?

Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) frequently appear in patients with autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and have also been detected in infections, neoplasia, the primary antiphospholipid syndrome, in association with certain medications and also in subjects without apparent disease. Recently, anticardiolipin antibodies have been described in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Eighty-four human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients were studied to assess the influence of risk factors for HIV infection and of the stage of HIV-1 infection on the prevalence of IgG-ACA in HIV-seropositive patients. Patients were divided in two groups, one composed of 38 asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals and the other of 46 AIDS patients. A control group of 42 healthy HIV-negative blood donors was also studied. All subjects of the control group were IgG-ACA-negative. Of the 84 HIV-positive patients, 50 were IgG-ACA positive (59.5%) and 34 IgG-ACA negative (40.5%). None of the HIV-positive patients presented any thromboembolic phenomena. No significant differences were found with respect to sex, risk factors and stage of disease when the presence of IgG-ACA in HIV-positive patients was considered. ACA does not appear to be a pronostic marker in HIV-1-infected subjects. The presence of IgG-ACA is probably related to HIV-1-infection itself, and is indicative of impaired humoral immunity in these patients.

PIP: Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) frequently appear in patients with autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and have also been detected in infections, neoplasia, the primary antiphospholipid syndrome, in association with certain medications and also in those patients without apparent disease. Recently, anticardiolipin antibodies were described in connection with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 84 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients were examined in order to assess the influence of risk factors for HIV infection and of the stage of HIV-1 infection on the prevalence of IgG-ACA in HIV-seropositive patients. 2 groups were created -- 1 composed of 38 asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals and the other of 46 AIDS patients. A control group of 42 healthy HIV-negative blood donors was also studied. All those in the control group were IgG-ACA-negative. Of the 84 HIV-positive patients, 50 were IgG-ACA positive (59.5%) and 34 IgG-ACA-negative (40.5%). None of the HIV-positive individuals presented any thromboembolic phenomena. There were no significant differences with respect to sex, risk factors, and stage of disease when the presence of IgG-ACA in HIV-positive patients was ascertained. ACA does not appear to be a prognostic marker in HIV-1 infected patients; the presence of IgG-ACA is probably related to HIV-1 infection itself and is indicative of impaired humoral immunity in this group. (author's modified)