RESUMO
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is common in pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using fast-track anesthesia and comparing it to traditional anesthesia, among children undergoing a transthoracic device closure for VSD. A systematic review following the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. Relevant literature was identified through specific search terms in the Scopus, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica database (Embase), Web of Science, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar databases. The inclusion criteria focused on observational studies that compared fast-track anesthesia with conventional anesthesia in pediatric VSD closure cases. Data extraction, quality assessment, and meta-analysis were performed using standard differences in means. Initially, 6,535 papers were identified, and subsequent screening of titles and abstracts led to the inclusion of four retrospective studies from a total of 51 studies. The analysis encompassed 477 patients, with 235 in the fast-track anesthesia group and 242 in the conventional anesthesia group. No statistically significant disparities were observed between the two groups concerning the operative duration and hemodynamic variations post-intubation or post-procedure (P >0.05). Nevertheless, the fast-track anesthesia group demonstrated significantly reduced healthcare expenses as well as shorter periods of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and overall hospitalization compared to conventional anesthesia (P <0.05). The use of fast-track anesthesia in combination with transthoracic device closure for VSD demonstrates a safe and effective approach for pediatric patients. This approach results in reduced healthcare costs (10,000 Renminbi (RMB)) and shorter durations of mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, and hospitalization compared to conventional anesthesia. Further clinical trials are necessary to confirm these results and assess long-term outcomes.
RESUMO
Background: The common cold and the influenza are common infections that are frequent in the community. In this study, we estimate the level of knowledge regarding those diseases among the Syrian population in the COVID era as it is important to have this knowledge for future health planning and policies. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted from November to December in 2021. A structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed as Google Forms on social media platforms and hard copies of the questionnaire to patients, their companions, or workers in public hospitals. Chi-square test and Mann Whitney test were used to study the associations between categorical groups. Results: This study included 13013 participants, 7856 (60.4%) were females, 78.4% were younger than 31 years old, only 3518 (27%) knew that the common cold and the influenza were caused by viruses, 6146 (47.2%) reported that runny nose was the most annoying symptom, 75.6% of the participants believed that antibiotics could kill viruses, and 7674 (58.9%) had fears from symptoms of common cold and influenza because of covid-19. Females were statistically significantly more knowledgeable and had more fears from the infection compared with males. Conclusion: This study showed a low level of knowledge among the Syrian population. The view of influenza and common cold have changed after COVID as they are now taken more seriously. Many efforts should be made to spread awareness, effective management, and reducing antibiotic misinformation.
