RESUMO
The core content for a medical specialty outlines the scope of the discipline as well as the categories of knowledge considered essential to practice in the field. It provides a template for the development of curricula for medical school, graduate, and postgraduate education, as well as for creating certification standards. Venous and Lymphatic Medicine (VLM) is a specialty that has benefitted from contributions from specialists from several medical disciplines. Optimally, the societies, boards, and residency review committees representing these disciplines would uniformly recognize the scope of VLM to develop education and assessment standards to allow training and identification of qualified practitioners. In order to inform the standard setting bodies and other stakeholders of the current scope of VLM, a task force of VLM experts from cardiology, dermatology, emergency medicine, general surgery, interventional radiology, vascular medicine, and vascular surgery was formed to revise a 2014 consensus document defining the core content of the specialty of VLM.
RESUMO
Carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rapidly progressive disease with a dismal prognosis. This very poor prognosis justifies an aggressive surgical approach for all potentially resectable lesions in stage II to stage V disease. Chemotherapy appears to be of some benefit, and its use for treatment of patients with early lesions is justified by the currently poor survival statistics. Radiotherapy at this point seems primarily to provide palliative relief.
