Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde Materna/organização & administração , Medicaid/economia , Planos Governamentais de Saúde/organização & administração , California , Feminino , Política de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Serviços de Saúde Materna/economia , Reembolso de Incentivo/legislação & jurisprudência , Planos Governamentais de Saúde/economia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Data collected over one year from agencies in Los Angeles County serving homeless youth suggest that shelter and outreach/drop-in agencies serve different populations. Shelters serve about equal numbers of males and females, almost half of whom are 15 years old or younger. Slightly more than half of these young people are minority youth who live in Los Angeles County. Seven of 10 go on to live in a stable environment. Outreach/drop-in agencies serve predominantly males, almost all of whom are 16 years old or older. These clients are primarily white and from outside Los Angeles. Four of 10 get off the streets. Both shelters and outreach/drop-in agencies serve primarily multiproblem chronic runaway or homeless youth who have neither families nor independent living skills and have survived as best they could. To help these young people, more emergency shelter beds and transitional living programs are needed. The geographic location and program structure of services however must be carefully considered.
Assuntos
Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial/organização & administração , Pessoas Mal Alojadas , Instituições Residenciais/organização & administração , Comportamento de Esquiva , Adolescente , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial/normas , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Feminino , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Los Angeles , Masculino , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Instituições Residenciais/normas , Instituições Residenciais/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
An action-research project with hospital nurses is reported which explores the utility of social network analysis for understanding and enhancing the quality of work life. Based on a framework for conceptualizing work stressors, we present a rationale for developing resource-support groups. These groups combine emotional support, group problem-solving, and participatory decision-making within the context of developing programs and policies to enhance the quality of working life. A workshop help for nurse managers focused on the potential for using these groups to achieve specific, prioritized goals. To study the ecology of work/nonwork life, we obtained data from workshop participants on both their work and nonwork social networks. We found these to be almost totally segmented. Personal, organizational, and sociocultural variables that may account for this pattern are examined. Implications are also discussed for developing support programs and for empowering nursing as a profession.
