HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF LIVER AND LUNG TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS AND OBESITY DEPENDING ON THE PRESENCE OF COMORBID CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.

Objective - to establish the pathomorphological features of liver and lung tissue of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and obesity depending on comorbidity with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study used autopsy material of 13 cases of NASH and class I obesity (Group 1), 14 cases of NASH, class I obesity with comorbid COPD of stage II-III (Group 2). For comparison, we used the autopsy material of 12 patients with isolated COPD of stage II-III (Group 3), as well as 11 practically healthy individuals (PHI), whose death was caused by polytrauma or traumatic brain injury or sudden coronary death. The groups were randomized by age, sex, and class of obesity. The average age of patients was 59.3±3.21. In Group 2 there was a maximum percentage of hepatocytes in the state of steatosis (1.9 times more than in Group 1, p<0.05), 1.6 times more hepatocytes in the state of fatty necrosis compared with NASH, p<0.05), oncosis (2.1 times, p<0.05), as well as lipofuscinosis (3.1 times more than in case of NASH with obesity, p<0.05). The combined course of obesity, NASH and COPD contributed to a significant increase in the number of lipocytes in the lungs (29.6 times, p<0.05) compared with isolated COPD, as well as a probable increase in their diameter (1.8 times, p<0.05). In the comorbid course of NASH, obesity and COPD, more intense histological and histochemical changes were observed, indicating more significant dysmetabolic disorders and the role of COPD in the activity of the inflammatory process in the liver, namely a higher % of steatosis in hepatocytes. Accumulation of adipocytes was observed in the lungs in this combined pathology, which probably indicates the aggravating effect of NASH and obesity on the course of COPD.

PATHOMORPHOLOGY OF THE MYOCARDIUM, KIDNEY AND LIVER IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS TREATED WITH SHORT AND LONG-TERM USE RAMIPRIL AND CANDESARTAN.

Choosing a method of treating arterial hypertension remains an urgent problem today. For effective therapy, it is necessary to select hypotensive drugs that not only effectively reduce the pressure, but also contribute to the restoration of the structure of tissues sensitive to oscillations of arterial pressure. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the effect of angiotensin 2-candesartan receptor antagonist and angiotensin converting factor ramipril on pathomorphological changes in the myocardium, kidney, and liver in SHR lines that received treatment for 7 days (short) and 21 days (prolonged therapy ) The study was conducted on 20 spontaneously hypertensive rats with a mass of 248.0-441.0 g. The rabbit was administered at a dose of 5 mg / kg and candesartan 4 mg / kg, respectively. The period of short-term therapy was 7 days and long-term-21 days. For the evaluation of morphological changes in the heart, kidney, liver, frozen cross sections were stained using Ramonovsky-Giemsa method (H and E). The data obtained indicate a more significant effect of candesartan on myocardium and kidney. Ramipril had a negative effect on the renal tubules, increasing the degree of atrophy. Treatment with ramipril and candesartan, especially with long-term use, reduced the hydropic swelling of hepatocytes.

VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STAINING QUANTITATIVE OPTICAL DENSITY PARAMETERS IN THE ENDOTHELIUM AND FIBRINOID OF THE PLACENTA DURING SECUNDINES INFLAMMATION AND CONCOMITANT IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN GRAVIDAS.

The aim of the research was to set the optical density quantitative parameters of the von Willebrand factor immunohistochemical staining (vWF) in the endothelium and fibrinoid of the placenta during the secundines inflammation concomitant with iron deficiency anemia in gravidas. The total number of 198 placentas was studied. The immunohistochemical technique was performed using the visualization of the primary antibodies to vWF with a diaminobenzidine dye polymer system. The optical density of the histochemical staining was measured by means of computer microdensitometry after the digital copies of the images had been obtained. All the cases of the secundines inflammation and the structures under study were found to have a significant increase in the optical density of the vWF immunohistochemical staining in the endothelium of the blood vessels as compared to the physiological pregnancy. Iron deficiency anemia in gravidas (IDAG) contributes to an increase in the indices of the inflammation, the highest data pertaining to the endothelial cells of the placental basal plate in chronic basal deciduitis. The optical density of the staining in the fibrinoid of the chorionic and basal plates during chronic forms of chorioamnionitis and basal deciduitis is higher than the optical density inherent in physiological pregnancy. The intensity of staining increases in presence of all the forms of inflammation on the background of IDAG in comparison with physiological pregnancy with placenta inflammation. Compared with IDAG in absence of the inflammatory processes, only chronic inflammatory processes reveal a change in indices. Consequently, the optical density of the staining significantly increases in the endothelium of blood vessels in all forms of the secundines inflammation, in comparison with the physiological pregnancy, whereas in fibrinoid the same process is reported only in chronic course. In this case, IDAG is accompanied by maximum levels of optical density in the endothelium and fibrinoid, whereas in chronic, the average indices are higher than those in acute forms.

[MORPHOGENESIS OF THE ANODERM STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ANAL FISSURES].

The objective of the study is to find peculiarities of the anoderm structural changes of morphogenesis in patients with chronic anal fissures (CAF) for further substantiation of therapeutic methods. The material of the study was the tissues of dissected anal complex (bottom and margins of ulcer, hypertrophic anal papilla, sentinel pile) from 33 patients. Histological examination found the defect of the stratified squamous epithelium. The epidermis of the marginal area of the wound, hypertrophic with signs of parakeratosis and acanthosis, hanged over the bottom. The surface of the bottom and margins of the wound in 31 cases (94%) was with thickening of rough fibrous masses. The bottom of ulcer in 29 (88%) cases is presented by sclerosed connective tissue. An increased amount of collagen fibers was found forming fuchsinophil is bundles. In 24 (73%) cases the scar on the fuchsine bottom of fissure was 3,4 mm (0,3±0,02) in deep. There are separate complexes of newly formed blood vessels with prevailing localization in the lateral walls of the wound. The blood vessels were with main by fibrosis in deep areas of the wound. Moderate interstitial edema and focal interstitial inflammatory infiltration mostly of lymphocytes and fibroblasts were detected; the amount of macrophages was not substantial. Considering cicatrical rebuilding of the anoderm of ulcer bottom caused, first of all, by hypoxia leading to activation of collagen-producing function of fibroblastes and absence of the signs of epithelization, patients with CAF should be treated surgically dissecting the bottom and margins of fissure in the complex with hypertrophic anal papilla and sentinel pile.

[Free-radical oxidation, the glutathione system and the status of the gastric mucosa in peptic ulcer in adolescents and young people under dynamic restorative treatment]. / Vil'noradykal'ne okyslennia, systema hlutationu ta stan slyzovoï obolonky shlunka pry vyrazkovii khvorobi u khvorykh pidlitkovoho ta iunats'koho viku v dynamitsi vidnovnoho likuvannia.

1.5-2 versus 3-4 months following the in-patient stage of treatment without further antiradical therapy, patients-juveniles and young people with ulcer disease demonstrate compensated versus decompensated disorders in the glutathione system activity respectively, which results in disturbances in the free-radical oxidation processes, amplification of alteration, decrease in proliferation in the mucous membrane of the stomach. Antiradical therapy being continued avoids such a pathology. A necessity is substantiated for taking measures on an uninterrupted long-term basis, aimed to correct the free-radical oxidation processes in patients with peptic ulcer of juvenile age and young people.

[The cytotoxic action of metal stearates and its correlation with the toxicity for animals]. / Tsitotoksicheskoe deistvie stearatov metallov i ego korreliatsiia s toksichnost'iu dlia zhivotnykh.

Toxic effects of lead, cadmium, barium, silver, zinc and calcium stearates on the Rh-type cells culture have been revealed. The expressiveness of the cytotoxic action correlated with the toxicity degree for laboratory animals. The strongest (r = 0,98; p less than 0,01) was the correlation between cytotoxicity parameter (the minimal cytoclastic concentration) and the inhalation toxicity parameter in animals (lim(ac)). The results permitted deriving formulae for predicting some toxicity parameters (intraperitoneal LD50, lim(ac)), hygienic regulations (MAC), and showed that the prediction based on cytotoxicity data is more reliable, than that based on toxicometric parameters in short-term experiments used for such purpose.