Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux can be reduced by changes in surgical technique.

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in obese patients, with the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass being the technique preferred by many surgeons. Published data reporting the results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in patients with GERD are contradictory. In a previous observational study, we found that relative narrowing of the distal sleeve, hiatal hernia (HH), and dilation of the fundus predispose to GERD after LSG. In this study, we evaluated the effects of standardization of our LSG technique on the incidence of postoperative symptoms of GERD. METHODS: This was a concurrent cohort study. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery at our center were followed prospectively. LSG was performed in all patients in this series. RESULTS: A total of 234 patients underwent surgery. There were no cases of death, fistula, or conversion to open surgery. All 134 patients who completed 6-12 months of postoperative follow-up were evaluated. Excess weight loss at 1 year was 73.5%. In the study group, 66 patients (49.2%) were diagnosed with GERD preoperatively, and HH was detected in 34 patients (25.3%) intraoperatively. HH was treated by reduction in three patients, anterior repair in 28, and posterior repair in three. Only two patients (1.5%) had symptoms of GERD at 6-12 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm that careful attention to surgical technique can result in significantly reduced occurrence of symptoms of GERD up to 12 months postoperatively, compared with previous reports of LSG in the literature.

Paragangliomas del cuerpo carotideo / Carotid body paragangliomas

Los paragangliomas son neoplasias derivadas de la cresta neural, benignas en un alto porcentaje y poco comunes. En la cabeza y cuello, los del cuerpo carotídeo, son los de mayor incidencia. Por lo general, se presentan como una masa asintomática y ocurren en personas entre la cuarta y quinta década de la vida. Su aparición se ha relacionado con la vida en las grandes alturas o con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (hipoxia crónica), y existe un grupo con tendencia familiar. Las técnicas de imágenes diagnósticas no invasivas (resonancia magnética, tomografía computarizada, gammagrafía) son los instrumentos ideales para confirmar el diagnóstico. La cirugía se considera la única manera de tratamiento para lograr su curación. En grandes tumores, todavía existe morbilidad de tipo neurovascular durante la extirpación quirúrgica. Para reducir la misma, se ha preconizado la embolización arterial preoperatoria