Experiencia de un hospital monográfico pediátrico y estrategias adoptadas para los cuidados perioperatorios durante la epidemia por SARS-CoV-2 y la reorganización de la atención pediátrica urgente en la Comunidad de Madrid. España / Experience of a pediatric monographic hospital and strategies adopted for perioperative care during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and the reorganization of urgent pediatric care in the Community of Madrid. Spain

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In situ Raman characterization of minerals and degradation processes in a variety of cultural and geological heritage sites.

We test the capabilities of in situ Raman spectroscopy for non-destructive analysis of degradation processes in invaluable masterpieces, as well as for the characterization of minerals and prehistoric rock-art in caves. To this end, we have studied the mechanism of decay suffered by the 15th-century limestone sculptures that decorate the retro-choir of Burgos Cathedral (N Spain). In situ Raman probe detected hydrated sulfate and nitrate minerals on the sculptures, which are responsible for the decay of the original limestone. In addition, in situ Raman analyses were performed on unique speleothems in El Soplao Cave (Cantabria, N Spain) and in the Gruta de las Maravillas (Aracena, SW Spain). Unusual cave minerals were detected in El Soplao Cave, such as hydromagnesite (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O), as well as ferromanganese oxides in the black biogenic speleothems recently discovered in this cavern. In the Gruta de las Maravillas, gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) was identified for the first time, as part of the oldest cave materials, so providing additional evidence of hypogenic mechanisms that occurred in this cave during earlier stages of its formation. Finally, we present preliminary analyses of several cave paintings in the renowned "Polychrome Hall" of Altamira Cave (Cantabria, N. Spain). Hematite (Fe2O3) is the most abundant mineral phase, which provides the characteristic ochre-reddish color to the Altamira bison and deer paintings. Thus, portable Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated to be an analytical technique compatible with preserving our cultural and natural heritage, since the analysis does not require physical contact between the Raman head and the analyzed items.

Estudio de la insuficiencia venosa crónica mediante ecografía Doppler y realización de cartografía venosa / Doppler ultrasound study and venous mapping in chronic venous insufficiency

La insuficiencia venosa crónica (IVC) de las extremidades inferiores es una enfermedad muy prevalente. La ecografía Doppler se ha establecido en las últimas décadas como el método de elección en el estudio de esta patología, por lo que resulta imprescindible ante una eventual indicación quirúrgica. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer una metodología en la exploración, incluyendo la realización de cartografía y el marcaje prequirúrgico. Para ello revisaremos la anatomía venosa de los miembros inferiores y la fisiopatología de la IVC explicando los conceptos hemodinámicos básicos y la terminología necesarios para la realización de un informe radiológico que permita una adecuada planificación terapéutica y comunicación con otros especialistas. Explicaremos brevemente la estrategia CHIVA (cura hemodinámica de la insuficiencia venosa ambulatoria), método quirúrgico mínimamente invasivo que tiene como objetivo restaurar la hemodinámica venosa sin extirpar la vena safena (AU)

Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs is very prevalent. In recent decades, Doppler ultrasound has become the method of choice to study this condition, and it is considered essential when surgery is indicated. This article aims to establish a method for the examination, including venous mapping and preoperative marking. To this end, we review the venous anatomy of the lower limbs and the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and explain the basic hemodynamic concepts and the terminology required to elaborate a radiological report that will enable appropriate treatment planning and communication with other specialists. We briefly explain the CHIVA (the acronym for the French term "cure conservatrice et hémodynamique de l'insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire" = conservative hemodynamic treatment for chronic venous insufficiency) strategy, a minimally invasive surgical strategy that aims to restore correct venous hemodynamics without resecting the saphenous vein (AU)

Doppler ultrasound study and venous mapping in chronic venous insufficiency.

Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs is very prevalent. In recent decades, Doppler ultrasound has become the method of choice to study this condition, and it is considered essential when surgery is indicated. This article aims to establish a method for the examination, including venous mapping and preoperative marking. To this end, we review the venous anatomy of the lower limbs and the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and explain the basic hemodynamic concepts and the terminology required to elaborate a radiological report that will enable appropriate treatment planning and communication with other specialists. We briefly explain the CHIVA (the acronym for the French term "cure conservatrice et hémodynamique de l'insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire"=conservative hemodynamic treatment for chronic venous insufficiency) strategy, a minimally invasive surgical strategy that aims to restore correct venous hemodynamics without resecting the saphenous vein.

Lamotrigine induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous.

A 48-year-old woman developed drug-induced subacute lupus erythematosus while taking lamotrigine. The eruption resolved after discontinuance of lamotrigine, suggesting this drug as the cause.

U-series dating of Paleolithic art in 11 caves in Spain.

Paleolithic cave art is an exceptional archive of early human symbolic behavior, but because obtaining reliable dates has been difficult, its chronology is still poorly understood after more than a century of study. We present uranium-series disequilibrium dates of calcite deposits overlying or underlying art found in 11 caves, including the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage sites of Altamira, El Castillo, and Tito Bustillo, Spain. The results demonstrate that the tradition of decorating caves extends back at least to the Early Aurignacian period, with minimum ages of 40.8 thousand years for a red disk, 37.3 thousand years for a hand stencil, and 35.6 thousand years for a claviform-like symbol. These minimum ages reveal either that cave art was a part of the cultural repertoire of the first anatomically modern humans in Europe or that perhaps Neandertals also engaged in painting caves.

[Molluscum contagiosum: descriptive study]. / Molusco contagioso: estudio descriptivo.

INTRODUCTION: Molluscum contagiosum is a cutaneous viral infection that often requires assistance. The aim of our study is to review the cases admitted in our clinic, evaluate the epidemiological features and the treatment prescribed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a descriptive survey of the patients diagnosed of molluscum contagiosum in our clinic (Complexo Hospitalario Arquitecto Marcide-Novoa Santos, Ferrol, Spain) between June 16th 2008 and January 15th 2009. The following dates were recorded in all cases: age, sex, personal history of atopy, swimming pool attendance, number of lesions and treatment prescribed. RESULTS: 140 cases of molluscum contagiosum were included in the study. Average age was 10.7 years. 51.43% of patients had a personal history of atopy and 72.1% used to attendance swimming-pool. Average number of lesions was 13.3, with a higher number of them in males, atopic and swimming-pool attendants. Curettage was the treatment performed in 86.4% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Atopic dermatitis and swimming-pool attendance were associated in our study with a higher frequency and number of molluscum contagiosum. Although different therapeutic options must be evaluated depending on the patient and clinical skills, curettage is the most frequent treatment performed by dermatologists.

[Isolated anterior cervical hypertrichosis]. / Hipertricosis cervical anterior esporádica.

Anterior cervical hypertrichosis was described by Trattner and coworkers in 1991. It consists of a <> of hair at the anterior cervical level just above the laryngeal prominence. To date, only 28 cases of anterior cervical hypertrichosis have been reported. Although it is normally an isolated finding, it may be associated with mental retardation, hallux valgus, retinal disorders, other hair disorders, facial dysmorphism, or sensory and motor peripheral neuropathy. We report the case of a 27-year-old woman who presented with this condition as an isolated finding.