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J Exp Med ; 220(10)2023 10 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37552475

RESUMO

While checkpoint blockade immunotherapies have widespread success, they rely on a responsive immune infiltrate; as such, treatments enhancing immune infiltration and preventing immunosuppression are of critical need. We previously generated αPD-1 resistant variants of the murine HNSCC model MEER. While entirely αPD-1 resistant, these tumors regress after single dose of oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV). We then generated a VV-resistant MEER line to dissect the immunologic features of sensitive and resistant tumors. While treatment of both tumor types induced immune infiltration and IFNγ, we found a defining feature of resistance was elevation of immunosuppressive cytokines like TGFß, which blunted IFNγ signaling, especially in regulatory T cells. We engineered VV to express a genetically encoded TGFßRII inhibitor. Inhibitor-expressing VV produced regressions in resistant tumor models and showed impressive synergy with checkpoint blockade. Importantly, tumor-specific, viral delivery of TGFß inhibition had no toxicities associated with systemic TGFß/TGFßR inhibition. Our data suggest that aside from stimulating immune infiltration, oncolytic viruses are attractive means to deliver agents to limit immunosuppression in cancer.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Terapia Viral Oncolítica , Vírus Oncolíticos , Animais , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Imunossupressores , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/antagonistas & inibidores , Microambiente Tumoral , Vaccinia virus/genética
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