Radio Frequency Signals in Jupiter's Atmosphere

During the Galileo probe's descent through Jupiter's atmosphere, under the ionosphere, the lightning and radio emission detector measured radio frequency signals at levels significantly above the probe's electromagnetic noise. The signal strengths at 3 and 15 kilohertz were relatively large at the beginning of the descent, decreased with depth to a pressure level of about 5 bars, and then increased slowly until the end of the mission. The 15-kilohertz signals show arrival direction anisotropies. Measurements of radio frequency wave forms show that the probe passed through an atmospheric region that did not support lightning within at least 100 kilometers and more likely a few thousand kilometers of the descent trajectory. The apparent opacity of the jovian atmosphere increases sharply at pressures greater than about 4 bars.

[Microradiographic study of secondary caries at filling margins in human teeth, in vivo and in vitro]. / Mikroradiogrphische Untersuchungen über in vivo und in vitro ensttandene Sekundärkaries an Füllungsrändern menschlicher Zähne.

A histological examination of solid tissue was undertaken to find out whether the appearance of border caries of fillings performed in situ and in vivo differs or looks the same. The results prove that secondary caries can be produced experimentally, and that the same mineral loss occurs as in secondary caries occurring under natural conditions. It occurs in 2 forms: the outer lesion and the lesion of the cavity wall. In addition results were obtained on the breadth of border clefts, forms of preparations and the quality of fillings and underfillings.