Uniportal VATS for Diagnosis and Staging in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

Uniportal VATS has become an accepted approach in minimally invasive thoracic surgery since its first report for lobectomy in 2011. Since the initial restrictions in indications, it has been used in almost all procedures, from conventional lobectomies to sublobar resections, bronchial and vascular sleeve procedures and even tracheal and carinal resections. In addition to its use for treatment, it provides an excellent approach for suspicious solitary undiagnosed nodules after bronchoscopic or transthoracic image-guided biopsy. Uniportal VATS is also used as a surgical staging method in NSCLC due to its low invasiveness in terms of chest tube duration, hospital stay and postoperative pain. In this article, we review the evidence of uniportal VATS accuracy for NSCLC diagnosis and staging and provide technical details and recommendations for its safe performance for that purpose.

The techniques of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: lower lobectomies and lymphadenectomy.

Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is probably the most successful single-incision approach worldwide, probably secondary to several specific circumstances: multiportal VATS was hardly getting his recognition in the thoracic surgeon's community; the extraordinary effort by his creators and believers for developing the technique and giving massive diffusion; the subjective feeling by surgeons who performed the approach about its benefits and advantages. Despite this, many efforts have focused on extending new indications and describing variations of the original intercostal uniportal VATS, but few quality papers have analyzed the real impact of the approach and its real advantages or disadvantages comparing to multiportal VATS. Thus, many surgeons still feel little confidence on the approach and reject his performance. With the aim of standardizing the approach and the technical aspects for non-experienced or beginners, the Uniportal VATS Interest Group (UVIG) of the European Society of Thoracic Surgery (ESTS) decided to set the basis for homogenization of the technique to cement the development of high-level evidence works that shed light on the real outcomes of uniportal compared to multiportal VATS. This article describes the main specific technical aspects while performing lower lobectomies and lymphadenectomy, which were described as the most suitable cases for initiating the learning curve.

Food Tolerance and Quality of Alimentation Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Calibrated with a 50-Fr Bougie: Long-Term Results.

BACKGROUND: Adjustable gastric banding and vertical banded gastroplasty are associated with the worst postoperative food tolerance of all bariatric techniques. However, food tolerance tends to improve over time. The aim of this study was to assess food tolerance and diet quality in patients undergoing a sleeve gastrectomy, 1 and 5 years after surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study of all the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was performed. Food tolerance was assessed using the Quality of Alimentation questionnaire validated in bariatric patients. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients were analyzed. One year after surgery, mean excess weight loss (EWL) was 81.1% ± 8.3%, and 5 years after surgery, mean EWL was 79.9% ± 6.4%. Preoperatively, 39.8% of patients perceived their eating patterns as good or excellent, 1 year after surgery, 79.6% and 5 years postoperatively, 86%. One year after surgery, the patients reported some difficulty in tolerance of rice, pasta, and red meat. Five years after surgery, these difficulties disappeared and very few patients just refer some tolerance difficulties with red meat. One year after surgery, 10% of the patients reported that they suffered postprandial vomiting often and 22% rarely. Five years postoperatively, only 8% of subjects describe rarely vomiting. CONCLUSION: After sleeve gastrectomy, the patients recognize an improvement in the quality of alimentation. During the first postoperative year, they present tolerance problems with rice, pasta, and red meat, and that disappeared 5 years after surgery.

Changes in Frequency Intake of Foods in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy and Following a Strict Dietary Control.

PURPOSE: Dietary intake and food preferences change after bariatric surgery, secondary to gastrointestinal symptoms and dietitian counseling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the frequency intake of different foods in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy and following a strict dietary control. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study of all the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as bariatric procedure between 2007 and 2012 was performed. Dietary assessment was performed using the Alimentary Frequency Questionnaire 1991-2002, developed and validated by the Department of Epidemiology of Miguel Hernandez University (Elche, Alicante Spain). RESULTS: Ninety-three patients were included for analysis, 73 females and 20 males, with a mean preoperative BMI of 46.4 ± 7.9 kg/m2. One year after surgery, excess weight loss was 81.1 ± 8.3% and 5 years after surgery, 79.9 ± 6.4%. Total weight loss at 1 year was 38.8 ± 5.3% and at 5 years, 35.4 ± 4.9%. Postoperatively, a reduction in the intake of dairy products, red meat, deli meat products, shellfish, fried potatoes, sweets, rice, pasta, beer, and processed foods was observed. Vegetables, fruits, and legumes intake increased after surgery. In the first postoperative year, there was a slight intolerance to red meat, fruits, vegetables and legumes, dairy products, pasta, and rice that mostly disappeared 5 years after surgery. CONCLUSION: One year after sleeve gastrectomy, calibrated with a 50-French bougie, there are not important problems in the intake of foods a priori difficult to digest. These problems mostly disappeared 5 years after surgery. The decrease intake of other unhealthy foods is mostly based on the dietary counseling.

[Pre and postoperative adherence to Mediterranean-like diet and its effect on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors after sleeve gastrectomy]. / Adherencia pre y postoperatoria a la dieta Mediterránea y su efecto sobre la pérdida de peso y el perfil lipídico en pacientes obesos mórbidos sometidos a gastrectomía vertical como procedimiento bariátrico.

PURPOSE: Even in the Mediterranean countries, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet is every day smaller. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence to Mediterranean diet of morbidly obese patients before and after undergoing a sleeve gastrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study of all the patients undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) as bariatric technique between October 2010 and May 2012 was performed. All the patients completed the KIDMED index, before surgery and 1 year after the intervention. KIDMED index assessed the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. RESULTS: A total of 50 patients were included in the study. Before surgery, 30% of patients presented a poor adherence to Mediterranean diet, 64% an average adherence and 6% a good adherence, whereas 1 year after surgery 2% showed poor adherence, 58% an average adherence and 40% good adherence (p=0.02). A significant inverse correlation could be established between KIDMED score changes and weight loss (Spearman -0.357; p=0.008), total cholesterol (Spearman -0.442; p=0.003) and LDL-cholesterol (Spearman -0.464 p=0.002). A direct correlation could be established between KIDMED score and HDL-cholesterol increases (Spearman 0.562; p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with better adherence to a Mediterranean diet showed greater weight loss and improvement of lipid profile 1 year after surgery.

Introducción: El cumplimiento de la dieta mediterránea es cada vez menor, incluso en países mediterráneos, a pesar de estar considerada como un ejemplo de dieta saludable. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en pacientes obesos mórbidos antes y después de ser sometidos a una gastrectomía vertical como técnica bariátrica. Así mismo, se analizó también la influencia de la adherencia sobre la pérdida de peso conseguida y sobre la evolución de los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo de todos los pacientes sometidos a una gastrectomía vertical entre octubre de 2010 y mayo de 2012. Los pacientes rellenaron un test KIDMED (evalúa la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea) antes de la operación y 1 año después de la misma. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 50 pacientes en el estudio. Antes de la operación, el 30% de los pacientes estudiados presentaban una baja adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, el 64% una adherencia moderada y sólo un 6% una buena adherencia. Al año de la intervención, sólo un 2% de los casos presentaban una baja adherencia, un 58% una adherencia moderada y un 40% una buena adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (p=0,02). Se estableció una correlación inversa entre el aumento de puntuación del test KIDMED (indicador de mayor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea) y la pérdida de peso (Spearman -0,357; p=0,008), el descenso en los valores de colesterol total (Spearman -0,442; p=0,003) y de LDL-colesterol (Spearman -0,464; p=0,002). Además, se observó una correlación directa entre el aumento de puntuación del test KIDMED y el incremento en los niveles de HDL-colesterol (Spearman 0,562; p=0,001). Conclusiones: Después de la operación, los pacientes cumplen mejor los patrones de dieta mediterránea. Aquellos pacientes con mejor adherencia a la misma, consiguieron una mayor pérdida de peso y una mejoría significativa del perfil lipídico.