Student burnout and engagement: Relationship with adolescent use of alcohol and attitudes towards authority.

The burnout syndrome has been related to development of transgressive attitudes toward norms that facilitate risk behaviors in youth, such as drinking alcohol. On the contrary, academic engagement is related to positive attitudes toward authority which can slow down its use. The objective was analyze the relationships between burnout and academic engagement, attitudes toward authority and use of alcohol. Method: The sample included a total of 1,287 high school students who anonymously filled out the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students and the Scale of Attitudes toward Institutional Authority in adolescents, along with questions on drinking alcohol. Results: It was observed that cynicism had a significant effect on positive attitude toward rule-breaking, and this in turn, on frequency of drinking. The engagement dedication factor was shown to have a significant direct effect on positive attitude toward institutional authority, and this on drinking frequency. Conclusions: Promoting measures for decreasing burnout in youth and stimulating academic engagement could have repercussions on attitudes toward rules and the presence of risk behavior.

El síndrome de burnout ha sido relacionado con el desarrollo de actitudes transgresoras hacia las normas que facilitan las conductas de riesgo en los jóvenes, como el consumo de alcohol. Por el contrario, el compromiso académico se relaciona con actitudes positivas hacia la autoridad que pueden frenar el consumo. El objetivo fue analizar las relaciones entre burnout y compromiso académico, actitudes hacia la autoridad y consumo de alcohol. Método: Participaron un total de 1.287 alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, quienes cumplimentaron de manera anónima el Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, la Encuesta de Bienestar en el Contexto Académico y la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Autoridad Institucional en Adolescentes, junto a preguntas sobre el consumo de alcohol. Resultados: El cinismo tiene un efecto significativo sobre la actitud positiva hacia la transgresión y este, a su vez, sobre la frecuencia de consumo. Se muestra un efecto directo significativo del factor Dedicación del compromiso sobre la actitud positiva hacia la autoridad institucional y este sobre la frecuencia de consumo. Conclusiones: Fomentar medidas destinadas a la disminución del burnout entre los jóvenes y la estimulación del compromiso académico podrían repercutir sobre las actitudes hacia las reglas y la presencia de conductas de riesgo en este colectivo.

Sleep Quality and the Mediating Role of Stress Management on Eating by Nursing Personnel.

(1) Background: The work schedule of nursing personnel often involves double or continuous shifts and sources of stress derived from the work context, making it necessary to ensure their rest and eating habits contribute to a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this study was to analyze the mediating role of stress management on the effect that sleep quality has on uncontrolled and emotional eating by nursing professionals. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 was applied to measure uncontrolled and emotional eating, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as a measure of sleep quality, and the EQ-i-20M for the stress management component of emotional intelligence. (2) Methods: A sample of 1073 nurses aged 22 to 57 years was selected for this purpose. (3) Results: The main result of this study was that stress management was a mediator in the effect of sleep quality on uncontrolled and emotional eating. Furthermore, low scores for sleeping problems correlated with high scores for stress management. The results also revealed a strong negative association between stress management and uncontrolled and emotional eating. (4) Conclusions: The results are discussed from the perspective of promoting health at work as well as improving the psychosocial wellbeing of nursing professionals and increasing the quality of patient care.

System to Detect Racial-Based Bullying through Gamification.

Prevention and detection of bullying due to racial stigma was studied in school contexts using a system designed following "gamification" principles and integrating less usual elements, such as social interaction, augmented reality and cell phones in educational scenarios. "Grounded Theory" and "User Centered Design" were employed to explore coexistence inside and outside the classroom in terms of preferences and distrust in several areas of action and social frameworks of activity, and to direct the development of a cell phone app for early detection of school bullying scenarios. One hundred and fifty-one interviews were given at five schools selected for their high multiracial percentage and conflict. The most outstanding results were structural, that is the distribution of the classroom group by type of activity and subject being dealt with. Furthermore, in groups over 12 years of age, the relational structures in the classroom in the digital settings in which they participated with their cell phones did not reoccur, because face-to-face and virtual interaction between students with the supervision and involvement of the teacher combined to detect bullying caused by racial discrimination.